NR667 Chamberlain CEA week 8 exit exam
Blood Flow Lungs ® Pulmonary Veins ® Left Atrium ® Aorta ® Body Tissues ® Vena Cava ®
Right Atrium ® Right Ventricle ® Pulmonary Arteries ® Lungs
Symptoms with right vs left side heart blockage · Blockage on the left side of the heart backs up and causes lung symptoms
· Blockage on the right side of the heart backs up and causes body symptoms
(peripheral edema)
HNC8 HTN Guidelines Defined as 140/90
Treatment algorithm:
Less than 60 years old - 140/90
> 60 years old - Defined as 150/90 (more leniency b/c we do not want to drop their
BP too low)
What hypertension medication should someone with DM ACE or ARB (protects kidneys)
and/or CKD be on?
What HTN medication should an African American pt be CCB
on?
What HTN medications should be used in patients with Carvediolol and Thiazide diuretics
heart failure?
Common side effects from ACE inhibitors cough, angioedema
What HTN medication is contraindicated if an ACE inhibitor ARB
caused angioedema?
What HTN medication should a heart failure pt NEVER be CCB
on? (These cause the heart to "relax" which is not good in HF pts)
2 types of CCBs Dihydropyridines & Non-dihydropyridines
What are dihydropyridine CCBs used for? BP control
Example of a dihydropyridine CCB and side effects Amlodipine
Bradycardic side effects, peripheral edema, constipation
What are non-dihydropyridine CCBs used for? arrhythmias
Example of a non-dihydropyridine CCB and side effects cardizem
Tachycardic side effects/palpitations - these meds were peripherally and have a
rebound tachycardia
, NR667 Chamberlain CEA week 8 exit exam
The atria (top chambers of the heart) work on which K+ (potassium) and Ca (calcium)
electrolytes?
The ventricles (bottom chambers of the heart) work on Na (sodium) and K+ (potassium)
which electrolytes?
Conditions in the atria needs medications that work on K+ Cardizem (CCB) or Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
or Ca such as ..
Conditions in the ventricles needs medications that work Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
on K+ or Na such as ..
What class of medications could be used for atrial and Beta-blockers or potassium channel blocker (Amiodarone)
ventricular conditions?
What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with < 40%
reduced EF?
What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with 40 or greater
preserved EF?
HF patients with reduced EF need to be on what Carvedilol, loop diuretic, ACE, or ARB
medications?
What type of diuretics are more potent? Loop diuretics
Which hypertensive medications are "cardio-protective"? ACEs and ARBs
Functional classes of HF (NYHA):
I: No sx
II: Sx w/ moderate exertion
III: Sx w ADLs
IV: Sx at rest
What is the ASCVD risk score? measurement of a pt's 10 yr risk of an adverse cardiac event
What are the high-intensity statins? Atorvastatin 40-80 mg
Rosuvastatin 20-40 mg
What happens during S1 heart sounds? mitral valve closes and aortic valve opens
, NR667 Chamberlain CEA week 8 exit exam
Which structural heart condition can cause syncope or Aortic stenosis
near-syncope?
Which structural heart condition cause a harsh, high- Aortic regurgitation/insufficiency
pitches sound that can be heard in the neck or on the right
side of the chest near the 2nd intercostal space?
Which structural heart condition is very loud and can be Mitral regurgitation/insufficiency
heard on the lower left side of the chest?
What are the 2 most common places for a AAA? infra-renal and ascending aorta
Which aortic aneurysm requires surgery right away? Stanford A (ascending)
Which aortic aneurysm is often treated medically or with a Stanford B (descending)
possible graft (but does not often need surgery)?
What is a medical intervention that should be done for a Keep BP low
patient with a Stanford B aneurysm?
What class medication should NEVER be given to a flouroquinolones (end in "floxicin")
patient with an aneurysm or any sort of connective tissue
disorder?
What are the 4 fat-soluble vitamins? (stay in the body for a ADEK
long time)
What percentage of pulmonary emboli or DVTs are 70%
provoked?
How long should a patient with a provoked PE or DVT be at least 3 months
treated with an anticoagulant?
How long should a patient with a non-provoked PE or DVT at least 3 months, but could be lifelong if any recurrence
be treated with an anticoagulant?
What is the Virchow's triad? 3 broad categories of factors that are thought to contribute to thrombosis
What are things that could contribute to a provoked PE or Anesthesia, immobility, pregnancy, hypercoagulable state, DVT, cancer, hormone
DVT? replacement
What are the 3 things that make up the Virchow's triad? Venous stasis
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial injury
Blood Flow Lungs ® Pulmonary Veins ® Left Atrium ® Aorta ® Body Tissues ® Vena Cava ®
Right Atrium ® Right Ventricle ® Pulmonary Arteries ® Lungs
Symptoms with right vs left side heart blockage · Blockage on the left side of the heart backs up and causes lung symptoms
· Blockage on the right side of the heart backs up and causes body symptoms
(peripheral edema)
HNC8 HTN Guidelines Defined as 140/90
Treatment algorithm:
Less than 60 years old - 140/90
> 60 years old - Defined as 150/90 (more leniency b/c we do not want to drop their
BP too low)
What hypertension medication should someone with DM ACE or ARB (protects kidneys)
and/or CKD be on?
What HTN medication should an African American pt be CCB
on?
What HTN medications should be used in patients with Carvediolol and Thiazide diuretics
heart failure?
Common side effects from ACE inhibitors cough, angioedema
What HTN medication is contraindicated if an ACE inhibitor ARB
caused angioedema?
What HTN medication should a heart failure pt NEVER be CCB
on? (These cause the heart to "relax" which is not good in HF pts)
2 types of CCBs Dihydropyridines & Non-dihydropyridines
What are dihydropyridine CCBs used for? BP control
Example of a dihydropyridine CCB and side effects Amlodipine
Bradycardic side effects, peripheral edema, constipation
What are non-dihydropyridine CCBs used for? arrhythmias
Example of a non-dihydropyridine CCB and side effects cardizem
Tachycardic side effects/palpitations - these meds were peripherally and have a
rebound tachycardia
, NR667 Chamberlain CEA week 8 exit exam
The atria (top chambers of the heart) work on which K+ (potassium) and Ca (calcium)
electrolytes?
The ventricles (bottom chambers of the heart) work on Na (sodium) and K+ (potassium)
which electrolytes?
Conditions in the atria needs medications that work on K+ Cardizem (CCB) or Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
or Ca such as ..
Conditions in the ventricles needs medications that work Amiodarone (potassium channel blocker)
on K+ or Na such as ..
What class of medications could be used for atrial and Beta-blockers or potassium channel blocker (Amiodarone)
ventricular conditions?
What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with < 40%
reduced EF?
What is the percentage of EF for someone with HF with 40 or greater
preserved EF?
HF patients with reduced EF need to be on what Carvedilol, loop diuretic, ACE, or ARB
medications?
What type of diuretics are more potent? Loop diuretics
Which hypertensive medications are "cardio-protective"? ACEs and ARBs
Functional classes of HF (NYHA):
I: No sx
II: Sx w/ moderate exertion
III: Sx w ADLs
IV: Sx at rest
What is the ASCVD risk score? measurement of a pt's 10 yr risk of an adverse cardiac event
What are the high-intensity statins? Atorvastatin 40-80 mg
Rosuvastatin 20-40 mg
What happens during S1 heart sounds? mitral valve closes and aortic valve opens
, NR667 Chamberlain CEA week 8 exit exam
Which structural heart condition can cause syncope or Aortic stenosis
near-syncope?
Which structural heart condition cause a harsh, high- Aortic regurgitation/insufficiency
pitches sound that can be heard in the neck or on the right
side of the chest near the 2nd intercostal space?
Which structural heart condition is very loud and can be Mitral regurgitation/insufficiency
heard on the lower left side of the chest?
What are the 2 most common places for a AAA? infra-renal and ascending aorta
Which aortic aneurysm requires surgery right away? Stanford A (ascending)
Which aortic aneurysm is often treated medically or with a Stanford B (descending)
possible graft (but does not often need surgery)?
What is a medical intervention that should be done for a Keep BP low
patient with a Stanford B aneurysm?
What class medication should NEVER be given to a flouroquinolones (end in "floxicin")
patient with an aneurysm or any sort of connective tissue
disorder?
What are the 4 fat-soluble vitamins? (stay in the body for a ADEK
long time)
What percentage of pulmonary emboli or DVTs are 70%
provoked?
How long should a patient with a provoked PE or DVT be at least 3 months
treated with an anticoagulant?
How long should a patient with a non-provoked PE or DVT at least 3 months, but could be lifelong if any recurrence
be treated with an anticoagulant?
What is the Virchow's triad? 3 broad categories of factors that are thought to contribute to thrombosis
What are things that could contribute to a provoked PE or Anesthesia, immobility, pregnancy, hypercoagulable state, DVT, cancer, hormone
DVT? replacement
What are the 3 things that make up the Virchow's triad? Venous stasis
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial injury
