,Verified PSYC 140 Module 7 Exam - Developmental
(Lifespan) Psychology - Portage - Latest 26/27
(PDF)
1. What term describes the new life stage extending from the late teens through the mid-20s,
characterized by identity exploration and instability?
A) Early adulthood
B) Emerging adulthood
C) Middle adulthood
D) Late adolescence
Correct Answer: B) Emerging adulthood
Rationale: Jeffrey Arnett identified emerging adulthood as a distinct developmental period spanning
ages 18–25, characterized by identity exploration, instability, self-focus, feeling in-between, and a
sense of possibilities. Early adulthood (A) typically begins in the mid-20s, middle adulthood (C) begins
around age 40, and late adolescence (D) precedes emerging adulthood.
2. Which theorist is most associated with identifying the five characteristics of emerging adulthood?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Jeffrey Arnett
C) James Marcia
D) Laura Berk
Correct Answer: B) Jeffrey Arnett
Rationale: Jeffrey Arnett developed the emerging adulthood theory and identified five key
characteristics: identity exploration, instability, self-focus, feeling in-between, and a sense of
possibilities. Erikson (A) developed psychosocial stages, Marcia (C) expanded identity theory, and Berk
(D) is a developmental textbook author.
3. According to research on physical development, when do most individuals reach their peak physical
functioning?
A) Late adolescence
B) Early 20s
,C) Mid-30s
D) Late 40s
Correct Answer: B) Early 20s
Rationale: Physical peak typically occurs in the early 20s, when strength, speed, sensory acuity, and
cardiovascular functioning are at their maximum. After this point, gradual physical declines begin,
though they remain minimal through much of early adulthood. Options A, C, and D represent periods
before or after the physical peak.
4. Which of the following age ranges most accurately reflects when one's physical peak occurs?
A) 10–15
B) 15–20
C) 20–35
D) 35–50
Correct Answer: C) 20–35
Rationale: The physical peak occurs during the 20–35 age range, when individuals are at their
maximum strength, speed, and sensory acuity. Options A and B are too early, and D is after the peak
has passed.
5. Which of the following is a physical decline that can begin as early as early adulthood?
A) Maximum heart rate gradually decreases
B) Bone density increases significantly
C) Lung capacity expands
D) Muscle mass increases
Correct Answer: A) Maximum heart rate gradually decreases
Rationale: Maximum heart rate may gradually decrease beginning in early adulthood. Respiratory
capacity also gradually decreases and becomes noticeable after age 25 under heavy exercise
conditions. Options B, C, and D describe changes that do not occur as declines in early adulthood.
6. The lens of the eye stiffens and thickens, and sensitivity to sound at high frequencies decreases.
These are examples of:
A) Physical declines that can occur in early adulthood
B) Changes that occur only in late adulthood
, C) Reversible conditions with proper treatment
D) Signs of emerging adulthood
Correct Answer: A) Physical declines that can occur in early adulthood
Rationale: The lens of the eye stiffening and thickening, and decreased sensitivity to sound at high
frequencies, are physical declines that can occur as early as early adulthood. These are not limited to
late adulthood (B), are generally not reversible (C), and are not signs of emerging adulthood (D).
7. Fast-twitch muscles decline in size and amount during early adulthood. This decline affects:
A) Endurance activities like long-distance running
B) Explosive, strength-based activities
C) Flexibility and range of motion
D) Balance and coordination
Correct Answer: B) Explosive, strength-based activities
Rationale: Fast-twitch muscles are responsible for explosive, strength-based activities and decline in
size and amount during early adulthood. Endurance activities (A) rely more on slow-twitch fibers,
flexibility (C) and balance (D) are affected by different physiological factors.
8. The climacteric is the term for:
A) The onset of puberty
B) The midlife transition during which fertility declines
C) The end of reproductive capacity in women only
D) The period of emerging adulthood
Correct Answer: B) The midlife transition during which fertility declines
Rationale: The climacteric is the term for the midlife transition during which fertility declines. It
applies to both men and women, not just women (C), and is distinct from puberty (A) and emerging
adulthood (D).
9. Menopause is defined as:
A) The onset of menstruation
B) The end of a woman's reproductive capacity, marked by the cessation of menstruation
C) A temporary pause in menstruation during early adulthood
(Lifespan) Psychology - Portage - Latest 26/27
(PDF)
1. What term describes the new life stage extending from the late teens through the mid-20s,
characterized by identity exploration and instability?
A) Early adulthood
B) Emerging adulthood
C) Middle adulthood
D) Late adolescence
Correct Answer: B) Emerging adulthood
Rationale: Jeffrey Arnett identified emerging adulthood as a distinct developmental period spanning
ages 18–25, characterized by identity exploration, instability, self-focus, feeling in-between, and a
sense of possibilities. Early adulthood (A) typically begins in the mid-20s, middle adulthood (C) begins
around age 40, and late adolescence (D) precedes emerging adulthood.
2. Which theorist is most associated with identifying the five characteristics of emerging adulthood?
A) Erik Erikson
B) Jeffrey Arnett
C) James Marcia
D) Laura Berk
Correct Answer: B) Jeffrey Arnett
Rationale: Jeffrey Arnett developed the emerging adulthood theory and identified five key
characteristics: identity exploration, instability, self-focus, feeling in-between, and a sense of
possibilities. Erikson (A) developed psychosocial stages, Marcia (C) expanded identity theory, and Berk
(D) is a developmental textbook author.
3. According to research on physical development, when do most individuals reach their peak physical
functioning?
A) Late adolescence
B) Early 20s
,C) Mid-30s
D) Late 40s
Correct Answer: B) Early 20s
Rationale: Physical peak typically occurs in the early 20s, when strength, speed, sensory acuity, and
cardiovascular functioning are at their maximum. After this point, gradual physical declines begin,
though they remain minimal through much of early adulthood. Options A, C, and D represent periods
before or after the physical peak.
4. Which of the following age ranges most accurately reflects when one's physical peak occurs?
A) 10–15
B) 15–20
C) 20–35
D) 35–50
Correct Answer: C) 20–35
Rationale: The physical peak occurs during the 20–35 age range, when individuals are at their
maximum strength, speed, and sensory acuity. Options A and B are too early, and D is after the peak
has passed.
5. Which of the following is a physical decline that can begin as early as early adulthood?
A) Maximum heart rate gradually decreases
B) Bone density increases significantly
C) Lung capacity expands
D) Muscle mass increases
Correct Answer: A) Maximum heart rate gradually decreases
Rationale: Maximum heart rate may gradually decrease beginning in early adulthood. Respiratory
capacity also gradually decreases and becomes noticeable after age 25 under heavy exercise
conditions. Options B, C, and D describe changes that do not occur as declines in early adulthood.
6. The lens of the eye stiffens and thickens, and sensitivity to sound at high frequencies decreases.
These are examples of:
A) Physical declines that can occur in early adulthood
B) Changes that occur only in late adulthood
, C) Reversible conditions with proper treatment
D) Signs of emerging adulthood
Correct Answer: A) Physical declines that can occur in early adulthood
Rationale: The lens of the eye stiffening and thickening, and decreased sensitivity to sound at high
frequencies, are physical declines that can occur as early as early adulthood. These are not limited to
late adulthood (B), are generally not reversible (C), and are not signs of emerging adulthood (D).
7. Fast-twitch muscles decline in size and amount during early adulthood. This decline affects:
A) Endurance activities like long-distance running
B) Explosive, strength-based activities
C) Flexibility and range of motion
D) Balance and coordination
Correct Answer: B) Explosive, strength-based activities
Rationale: Fast-twitch muscles are responsible for explosive, strength-based activities and decline in
size and amount during early adulthood. Endurance activities (A) rely more on slow-twitch fibers,
flexibility (C) and balance (D) are affected by different physiological factors.
8. The climacteric is the term for:
A) The onset of puberty
B) The midlife transition during which fertility declines
C) The end of reproductive capacity in women only
D) The period of emerging adulthood
Correct Answer: B) The midlife transition during which fertility declines
Rationale: The climacteric is the term for the midlife transition during which fertility declines. It
applies to both men and women, not just women (C), and is distinct from puberty (A) and emerging
adulthood (D).
9. Menopause is defined as:
A) The onset of menstruation
B) The end of a woman's reproductive capacity, marked by the cessation of menstruation
C) A temporary pause in menstruation during early adulthood
