D684 – Introduction to
Computer Science 2026 |
Study Guide, Practice
Questions, Answers,
Rationales & Exam Review
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Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
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Rationales
Included
,analog data data represented in a continuous and variable form
American Standard Code for Information Interchange a standard encoding system for text characters that uses numeric values to
(ASCII) represent letters, numbers, and symbols
bandwidth the maximum rate of data transfer across a network or communication channel,
usually measured in bits per second
binary a numerical system that uses only two digits, zero and one, to represent data in
computing
Boolean expression a logical statement that can only be true or false and uses operators like AND, OR,
and NOT
character a single letter, digit, or symbol used in writing text
character set a collection of characters that a computer can recognize and process, like ASCII or
Unicode
compression ratio the ratio of the original data size to the compressed data size, indicating how much
the data has been reduced
control structure constructs in programming that control the flow of execution, such as loops and
conditional statements
data raw facts and figures that can be processed to produce meaningful information
data compression the process of reducing the size of data to save space or transmission time
data types categories of data that define what kind of value can be stored, like integers, floats,
and strings, and how it can be used
, declaration a statement in programming that specifies the name and type of a variable or
function without assigning a value
digital data data represented using discrete binary values (zeroes and ones)
floating point a way to represent real numbers that can have fractional parts using a format that
includes a base and an exponent
Huffman encoding a compression technique that uses variable-length codes for data representation
based on frequency of occurrence
information data that have been processed or organized in a meaningful way to be useful
integer a whole number
keyword encoding a method of data compression that replaces frequently occurring patterns with
shorter codes
lossless a type of data compression where no information is lost and the original data can be
perfectly reconstructed
lossy a type of data compression that reduces file size by permanently eliminating some
information, which may affect quality
numeric any value that is a number
overflow a condition in which a calculation exceeds the maximum value that can be
represented within a given number of bits
pulse-code modulation (PCM) a method used to digitally represent analog signals
Computer Science 2026 |
Study Guide, Practice
Questions, Answers,
Rationales & Exam Review
| Complete Ethics Study
Guide
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers
100% Verified Exam Prep and Comprehensive
Rationales
Included
,analog data data represented in a continuous and variable form
American Standard Code for Information Interchange a standard encoding system for text characters that uses numeric values to
(ASCII) represent letters, numbers, and symbols
bandwidth the maximum rate of data transfer across a network or communication channel,
usually measured in bits per second
binary a numerical system that uses only two digits, zero and one, to represent data in
computing
Boolean expression a logical statement that can only be true or false and uses operators like AND, OR,
and NOT
character a single letter, digit, or symbol used in writing text
character set a collection of characters that a computer can recognize and process, like ASCII or
Unicode
compression ratio the ratio of the original data size to the compressed data size, indicating how much
the data has been reduced
control structure constructs in programming that control the flow of execution, such as loops and
conditional statements
data raw facts and figures that can be processed to produce meaningful information
data compression the process of reducing the size of data to save space or transmission time
data types categories of data that define what kind of value can be stored, like integers, floats,
and strings, and how it can be used
, declaration a statement in programming that specifies the name and type of a variable or
function without assigning a value
digital data data represented using discrete binary values (zeroes and ones)
floating point a way to represent real numbers that can have fractional parts using a format that
includes a base and an exponent
Huffman encoding a compression technique that uses variable-length codes for data representation
based on frequency of occurrence
information data that have been processed or organized in a meaningful way to be useful
integer a whole number
keyword encoding a method of data compression that replaces frequently occurring patterns with
shorter codes
lossless a type of data compression where no information is lost and the original data can be
perfectly reconstructed
lossy a type of data compression that reduces file size by permanently eliminating some
information, which may affect quality
numeric any value that is a number
overflow a condition in which a calculation exceeds the maximum value that can be
represented within a given number of bits
pulse-code modulation (PCM) a method used to digitally represent analog signals
