TEST BANK
INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC AND
IMAGING SCIENCES AND PATIENT CARE
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I: The Profession of Radiologic and Imaging Sciences
1. Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences
2. Professional Organizations, Development,and Advancement
3. Educational Survival Skills
4. Critical-Thinking and Problem-Solving Strategies
PART II: Introduction to the Clinical Environment
5. Introduction to Clinical Education
6. Radiology Administration
7. Radiographic Imaging
8. Medical Imaging Equipment
9. Basic Radiation Protection and Radiobiology
10. Human Diversity
PART III: Patient Care
11. Patient Interactions
12. History Taking
13. Biomechanics and Ergonomics
14. Immobilization Techniques
15. Vital Signs, Oxygen, Chest Tubes, and Lines
16. Basic Cardiac Monitoring: The Electrocardiogram
17. Infection Control
18. Aseptic Techniques
19. Nonaseptic Techniques
20. Medical Emergencies
21. Pharmacology
22. Principles of Drug Administration
23. Contrast Media and Introduction to Radiopharmaceuticals
PART IV: Ethical and Legal Issues
24. Professional Ethics for Medical Imaging Personnel
25. Health Informatics and Information Management
26. Medical Law
,Chapter 01: Introduction To Imaging And Radiologic Sciences
Adler: Introduction To Radiologic And Imaging Sciences And Patient Care, 9th edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The Use Of X-Rays To Create A Medical Image On Patients Is Referred To As
a. Electrocardiography.
b. Radiography.
c. Sonography.
d. Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
ANSWER: B
Radiography Is The Making Of Records Of Internal Structures Of The Body By Passage
Of X- Rays Or Gamma Rays Through The Body. These Records Or Images Are
Typically Referred T O A S Radiographs.
REF: P. 4
2. Particular Care Must Be Taken When Using Radiation For Medical Imaging. This Is The
Result Of Radiation’s Ability To Create
In Human Tissue And Possible Biochemical Changes
.
a. Ionizations
b. Radio Waves
c. Sound Waves
d. Thermal Changes
ANSWER: A
Some Forms Of Electromagnetic Energy, Including X-
Rays, Have The Ability To Ionize Atoms In Matter. These Ionizations Have The Ability
To Disru Pt The Composition Of Matter And Are Capable Of Disrupting Life Processes.
Special Protect
I On Should Be Provided To Prevent Excessive Exposure To Ionizing
Radiation. REF: P. 3
3. In The Diagnosis Of Patient Disease States, Physicians Can Select From An Array Of
Medical Diagnostic Modalities. A Few Of These Involve The Use Of Ionizing Energy To
Create A Medi Cal Image. If A Physician Is Concerned About The Use Of Ionizing
Radiation, He Or She May Choose To Order Any Of The Following Diagnostic
Modalities EXCEPT
a. Thermograms.
b. Medical Sonography.
c. Radiography.
d. Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
ANSWER: C
Radiography Involves The Use Of X-
Rays For The Production Of Medical Images. Medical Procedures Such As Thermograms, Son
O Grams, And Magnetic Resonance Scans Use Nonionizing Energy Forms And Consequently D
O Not Produce Ionizations In Human Tissue. They Are Regarded As Nonionizing
Modalities F Or I Maging And Offer Excellent Alternatives To Physicians Concerned
About Radiation Expo Sure T O Patients.
, REF: Pp. 3-4
4. The Greek Physician Hippocrates Is Regarded As The Father Of Western Medicine. All
Of T He Following Choices Represent His Medical Beliefs EXCEPT The
a. Use Of High Ethical Standards Of Conduct.
b. Important Medical Value Of Sorcery And Witchcraft.
c. Importance Of Closely Monitoring A Patient’s Condition And Recovery.
d. Value Of Diet And Exercise And Allowing Nature To Take Its Course In Recovery.
ANSWER: B
The Hippocratic Corpus Is Writings That They Emphasize Rational And Natural
Explanations F Or The Treatment Of Disease And Reject Sorcery And Magic. The
Hippocratic Oath Still Gove R Ns The Ethical Conduct Of Physicians Today.
REF: P. 5
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded. The
s e events have led to our current understanding of the human organism and disease. A
s this research continues, much of it will most likely focus on
a. Proper sanitation and public health.
b. Immunology and the development of vaccines.
c. Germ theory and infection.
d. Human genes and genetic engineering.
Answer: d
Although the human genome project is finished, analyses of the data will continue for m
any years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers promises of cure s
for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering, important pharma
ceuticals continue to be developed. Medical research will continue to focus on the
gene ti c code in all cells.
Ref: p. 6
6. Wilhelm c. Roentgen’s discovery of —the x-
Ray‖ is regarded as one of medicine’s most significant achievements. Although his disco
very was accidental, his early research was so thorough that no significant findings have
been added to his original theories. This in itself is a true tribute to the brilliance of ro
entgen as a scientist. One of the most famous early images he created was an x-
Ray image of his
a. Colon.
b. Laboratory assistant’s foot.
c. Wife’s hand.
d. Kidneys.
Answer: c
November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that roentgen created the famo us
image of the hand of his wife. Through his investigative methods, roentgen identified the
properties of x-rays.
Ref: p. 6
, 7. A valuable x-ray procedure used to diagnose a myocardial infarction is
a. Mammography.
b. Myelography.
c. Arthrography.
d. Coronary arteriography.
Answer: d
Coronary arteriography is an extremely valuable tool in diagnosing atherosclerosis, which
can block the coronary arteries and cause a heart attack (myocardial infarction). By way o
f a special catheter with a balloon tip, effective treatment of atherosclerosis is possible.
T his treatment of a blocked blood vessel is termed angioplasty. Angioplasty is used to tr
eat patients without having to use invasive open-heart surgery.
Ref: p. 8
8. All of the following are true of the diagnostic procedure of mammography except
a. It is very valuable for the detection of early breast cancers.
b. The procedures may be performed using a general radiographic machine.
c. Radiographers need to be specially trained in order to perform mammography.
d. Radiographers must be certified by the arrt to qualify for the
mammograp h y examination.
Answer: b
Special breast imaging centers have been built to accommodate the demand for mammogr
aphy procedures. Equipment and supplies, such as a specially designed x-ray tube and
high- resolution digital imaging detectors, are used to create
High- quality breast images. Mammography cannot be performed using general x-
Ray equipment. Ref: p. 8
9. To study the blood vessels of the brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs, contrast materia
l is administered into these vessels by using
a. Catheters.
b. Stents.
c. Balloons.
d. None of the above.
Answer: a
Angiography is the term for radiologic examination of the blood vessels after injection o f
a contrast medium. Most often, the contrast material is injected through a catheter, w hic h
can be directed to a variety of major arteries or veins for visualization of these stru ctu
res.
Ref: p. 8
10. Radiologic science continues to be one of the most exciting professions in medicine. An
imaging modality that uses no ionizing radiation and the energy of radio
Waves a nd magnetic fields is
a. Nuclear imaging.
b. Thermography.
c. Cvit.
, d. Mri.
Answer: d
Magnetic resonance imaging (mri) uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves along w
ith a computer to generate sectional images of patient anatomy. Mri creates no ionizatio n
s at current energy levels and is regarded as safe modality, particularly for pediatric and
pr egnant patients.
Ref: p. 11
11. A physician who specializes in the interpretation of medical images is known as a
a. Radiographer.
b. Radiologist.
c. Radiologic technologist.
d. Radiologist assistant.
Answer: b
Becoming a radiologist is a long and intensive course of study after high school. After be c
oming qualified as a physician, many doctors go on to learn the complex field of radio lo
gy and specialize in the interpretation of diagnostic medical images.
Ref: pp. 12-13
12. A class of health care workers who specialize in carrying out treatments designed to
imp rove a patient’s health condition and quality of life and who likely possess a 2- or
4- year degree are known as
a. Technicians.
b. Therapists.
c. Technologists.
d. Practitioners.
Answer: b
Therapists specialize in carrying out treatments designed to correct or improve the functio
n of a particular body part or system. Therapists possess varied levels of educational exp
eriences ranging from 2- to 4-year to graduate college degrees.
Ref: p. 12
13. To become a board-
Certified radiologist, the traditional course of study would follow what educational seque
nce after high school?
a. Residency, baccalaureate degree, medical school
b. Residency, medical school, baccalaureate degree
c. Baccalaureate degree, residency, medical school
d. Baccalaureate degree, medical school, residency
Answer: d
After high school students, interested in becoming physicians must complete a 4-year
premed course of study and then get into a medical school. After medical school, mo s
t mds and dos complete additional clinical experience, known as a residency, in an ar ea
of specialization. Residencies are usually 3 or 4 years long. Some radiologists contin
ue o n to complete further specialization known as a fellowship.
, Ref: pp. 12-13
14. The health occupation that deals with the management of patient medical
records a nd medical coding is
a. Dietetics.
b. Osteopathy.
c. Health information services.
d. Medical records therapist.
Answer: c
Health information services involve careers that are responsible for the management of h
ealth information, such as that contained the patients’ health records. Health information t
e chnologists are involved in the coding of patient conditions. These codes are used to det
e rmine the amount of money a facility is reimbursed for providing care to a patient.
Ref: p. 14
15. All of the following are typical members of the radiology team except
a. Radiology nurse.
b. Biomedical engineer.
c. Radiologic technologist.
d. Radiologist.
Answer: b
The health care team includes
A wide array of specialists. Radiologic technologists work
a s a part of the health care team and interact with many of the other health care mem
bers on a regular basis. These other members are employed in such health services as
medicin e and osteopathy; nursing; and the other health careers that encompass many of t he
diagn ostic services, therapeutic services, and health information services.
Ref: pp. 12-14
16. The medical imaging specialty of
uses radiopharmaceuticals and gamma
radiati o n in the production of medical images for patient diagnosis.
a. Radiation oncology
b. Mri
c. Sonography
d. Nuclear medicine
Answer: d
The field of nuclear medicine involves procedures that use radioactive materials for diagn
ostic or therapeutic purposes. Nuclear medicine procedures usually involve the
imaging o f a patient’s organs—such as the liver, heart, or brain—
After the introduction of a radioactive material known as a
radiopharmaceutical. Ref: pp. 9-10
17. The current medical standard for measuring bone health with a high degree of accuracy is
a. Radiographs of the chest.
, b. Dexa studies of the hip and lower spine.
c. Sonography of the heel.
d. Nuclear scans of the bones.
Answer: b
Bone densitometry (bd) is used to diagnose osteoporosis, a condition that is often recog n
ized in menopausal women but can also occur in men. To detect osteoporosis
accurately
, dual-energy x-
Ray absorptiometry (dexa or dxa) is used. Dexa bd is the current standard for measu r ing
bone mineral density (bmd).
Ref: p. 10
18. Many medical professions have developed —practice standards‖ to ensure optimum p
erformance of their members. The radiography —practice standards‖ are developed a
nd maintained by the
a. American medical association (ama).
b. American society of radiologic technologists (asrt).
c. American registry of radiologic technologists (arrt).
d. Food and drug administration (fda).
Answer: b
Clinical practice standards for radiography have been developed by the asrt. These pr
actice standards help define the role of the radiographer and establish criteria used to jud
ge performance.
Ref: p. 8
19. The education of radiographers involves the commitment and dedication of many peopl
E. All of the following may be directly involved with and responsible for your educatio n
as a radiographer except the
a. Program director.
b. Clinical coordinator or clinical instructor.
c. Medical equipment applications specialist.
d. Didactic faculty member.
Answer: c
Applications personnel from various medical imaging companies are not responsible for t
h e direct teaching of you as a radiographer. They are used to teach users the correct met
h ods for using their various products. Program directors, clinical instructors, and coordi
nat ors have direct responsibility for teaching the fundamentals and principles of radiogra
phy in preparation for a certification examination.
Ref: p. 12
20. To become a qualified radiologist assistant (ra), you
1. Must complete a recognized ra educational course of study.
2. Must successfully pass the national examination for nursing (nclex).
3. Need to be certified in radiography by the arrt.
4. Must successfully complete the radiologist assistant examination offered by the arrt.
5. Need to become a member of a local professional group of radiologic technologists.
,a. 2, 4, and 5 only
b. 1, 3, 4, and 5 only
c. 1, 3, and 4 only
d. 1 and 4 only
Answer: c
An ra is an advanced-
Level radiographer who extends the capacity of the radiologist in the diagnostic imaging e
n vironment, thereby enhancing patient care. Individuals need to be arrt certified in ra
dio graphy and meet the educational, ethics, and examination standards established by the
ar rt. Additionally, the radiologist assistant is an arrt-
Certified radiographer who has completed an advanced academic program encompassing a
n ationally recognized radiologist assistant curriculum and a radiologist-
Directed clinical preceptorship
. Ref: p. 9
, Chapter 02: professional organizations
Adler: introduction to radiologic and imaging sciences and patient care, 9th edition
Multiple choice
1. The process whereby an organization seeks recognition from its peer groups thro
u gh demonstrated compliance with developed standards is termed
a. Licensure.
b. Registration.
c. Accreditation.
d. Self-analysis.
Answer: c
Accreditation is a voluntary peer-
Review process. Accredited programs have satisfactorily demonstrated compliance with
educational standards developed by and for the profession. These standards are set by t
he organizations that sponsor the accrediting agency.
Ref: p. 16
2. Professional certification of medical imaging practitioners, such as radiographers, is
offer e d by the american
a. Society of radiologic technologists.
b. College of radiology.
c. Board of radiology.
d. Registry of radiologic technologists.
Answer: d
Professional certification is a process through which an agency grants recognition to an in
d ividual on demonstration, usually by examination, of specialized professional skills. For
ra diography, the american registry of radiologic technologists (arrt) is a nationally reco
gnized certification agency.
Ref: pp. 17-18
3. Many organizations are involved with medical imaging that make up this great profession.
A common goal of all of these organizations is to
a. Ensure the highest quality of care within the profession.
b. Improve the standard of care within medical imaging.
c. Foster positive public relations and communication with the general
public a n d governmental agencies.
d. Accomplish all of the above.
Answer: d
Professional societies represent the interests of various groups to the public and to govern
mental bodies. Additionally, they foster educational opportunities in an effort to improve
p at ient care standards and quality.
Ref: p. 19
INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC AND
IMAGING SCIENCES AND PATIENT CARE
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I: The Profession of Radiologic and Imaging Sciences
1. Introduction to Radiologic and Imaging Sciences
2. Professional Organizations, Development,and Advancement
3. Educational Survival Skills
4. Critical-Thinking and Problem-Solving Strategies
PART II: Introduction to the Clinical Environment
5. Introduction to Clinical Education
6. Radiology Administration
7. Radiographic Imaging
8. Medical Imaging Equipment
9. Basic Radiation Protection and Radiobiology
10. Human Diversity
PART III: Patient Care
11. Patient Interactions
12. History Taking
13. Biomechanics and Ergonomics
14. Immobilization Techniques
15. Vital Signs, Oxygen, Chest Tubes, and Lines
16. Basic Cardiac Monitoring: The Electrocardiogram
17. Infection Control
18. Aseptic Techniques
19. Nonaseptic Techniques
20. Medical Emergencies
21. Pharmacology
22. Principles of Drug Administration
23. Contrast Media and Introduction to Radiopharmaceuticals
PART IV: Ethical and Legal Issues
24. Professional Ethics for Medical Imaging Personnel
25. Health Informatics and Information Management
26. Medical Law
,Chapter 01: Introduction To Imaging And Radiologic Sciences
Adler: Introduction To Radiologic And Imaging Sciences And Patient Care, 9th edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The Use Of X-Rays To Create A Medical Image On Patients Is Referred To As
a. Electrocardiography.
b. Radiography.
c. Sonography.
d. Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
ANSWER: B
Radiography Is The Making Of Records Of Internal Structures Of The Body By Passage
Of X- Rays Or Gamma Rays Through The Body. These Records Or Images Are
Typically Referred T O A S Radiographs.
REF: P. 4
2. Particular Care Must Be Taken When Using Radiation For Medical Imaging. This Is The
Result Of Radiation’s Ability To Create
In Human Tissue And Possible Biochemical Changes
.
a. Ionizations
b. Radio Waves
c. Sound Waves
d. Thermal Changes
ANSWER: A
Some Forms Of Electromagnetic Energy, Including X-
Rays, Have The Ability To Ionize Atoms In Matter. These Ionizations Have The Ability
To Disru Pt The Composition Of Matter And Are Capable Of Disrupting Life Processes.
Special Protect
I On Should Be Provided To Prevent Excessive Exposure To Ionizing
Radiation. REF: P. 3
3. In The Diagnosis Of Patient Disease States, Physicians Can Select From An Array Of
Medical Diagnostic Modalities. A Few Of These Involve The Use Of Ionizing Energy To
Create A Medi Cal Image. If A Physician Is Concerned About The Use Of Ionizing
Radiation, He Or She May Choose To Order Any Of The Following Diagnostic
Modalities EXCEPT
a. Thermograms.
b. Medical Sonography.
c. Radiography.
d. Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
ANSWER: C
Radiography Involves The Use Of X-
Rays For The Production Of Medical Images. Medical Procedures Such As Thermograms, Son
O Grams, And Magnetic Resonance Scans Use Nonionizing Energy Forms And Consequently D
O Not Produce Ionizations In Human Tissue. They Are Regarded As Nonionizing
Modalities F Or I Maging And Offer Excellent Alternatives To Physicians Concerned
About Radiation Expo Sure T O Patients.
, REF: Pp. 3-4
4. The Greek Physician Hippocrates Is Regarded As The Father Of Western Medicine. All
Of T He Following Choices Represent His Medical Beliefs EXCEPT The
a. Use Of High Ethical Standards Of Conduct.
b. Important Medical Value Of Sorcery And Witchcraft.
c. Importance Of Closely Monitoring A Patient’s Condition And Recovery.
d. Value Of Diet And Exercise And Allowing Nature To Take Its Course In Recovery.
ANSWER: B
The Hippocratic Corpus Is Writings That They Emphasize Rational And Natural
Explanations F Or The Treatment Of Disease And Reject Sorcery And Magic. The
Hippocratic Oath Still Gove R Ns The Ethical Conduct Of Physicians Today.
REF: P. 5
5. Throughout the history of medicine, remarkable achievements have been recorded. The
s e events have led to our current understanding of the human organism and disease. A
s this research continues, much of it will most likely focus on
a. Proper sanitation and public health.
b. Immunology and the development of vaccines.
c. Germ theory and infection.
d. Human genes and genetic engineering.
Answer: d
Although the human genome project is finished, analyses of the data will continue for m
any years. The replacement of faulty genes through gene therapy offers promises of cure s
for a variety of hereditary diseases, and through genetic engineering, important pharma
ceuticals continue to be developed. Medical research will continue to focus on the
gene ti c code in all cells.
Ref: p. 6
6. Wilhelm c. Roentgen’s discovery of —the x-
Ray‖ is regarded as one of medicine’s most significant achievements. Although his disco
very was accidental, his early research was so thorough that no significant findings have
been added to his original theories. This in itself is a true tribute to the brilliance of ro
entgen as a scientist. One of the most famous early images he created was an x-
Ray image of his
a. Colon.
b. Laboratory assistant’s foot.
c. Wife’s hand.
d. Kidneys.
Answer: c
November 8, 1895, is believed by historians to be the day that roentgen created the famo us
image of the hand of his wife. Through his investigative methods, roentgen identified the
properties of x-rays.
Ref: p. 6
, 7. A valuable x-ray procedure used to diagnose a myocardial infarction is
a. Mammography.
b. Myelography.
c. Arthrography.
d. Coronary arteriography.
Answer: d
Coronary arteriography is an extremely valuable tool in diagnosing atherosclerosis, which
can block the coronary arteries and cause a heart attack (myocardial infarction). By way o
f a special catheter with a balloon tip, effective treatment of atherosclerosis is possible.
T his treatment of a blocked blood vessel is termed angioplasty. Angioplasty is used to tr
eat patients without having to use invasive open-heart surgery.
Ref: p. 8
8. All of the following are true of the diagnostic procedure of mammography except
a. It is very valuable for the detection of early breast cancers.
b. The procedures may be performed using a general radiographic machine.
c. Radiographers need to be specially trained in order to perform mammography.
d. Radiographers must be certified by the arrt to qualify for the
mammograp h y examination.
Answer: b
Special breast imaging centers have been built to accommodate the demand for mammogr
aphy procedures. Equipment and supplies, such as a specially designed x-ray tube and
high- resolution digital imaging detectors, are used to create
High- quality breast images. Mammography cannot be performed using general x-
Ray equipment. Ref: p. 8
9. To study the blood vessels of the brain, kidneys, liver, and other organs, contrast materia
l is administered into these vessels by using
a. Catheters.
b. Stents.
c. Balloons.
d. None of the above.
Answer: a
Angiography is the term for radiologic examination of the blood vessels after injection o f
a contrast medium. Most often, the contrast material is injected through a catheter, w hic h
can be directed to a variety of major arteries or veins for visualization of these stru ctu
res.
Ref: p. 8
10. Radiologic science continues to be one of the most exciting professions in medicine. An
imaging modality that uses no ionizing radiation and the energy of radio
Waves a nd magnetic fields is
a. Nuclear imaging.
b. Thermography.
c. Cvit.
, d. Mri.
Answer: d
Magnetic resonance imaging (mri) uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves along w
ith a computer to generate sectional images of patient anatomy. Mri creates no ionizatio n
s at current energy levels and is regarded as safe modality, particularly for pediatric and
pr egnant patients.
Ref: p. 11
11. A physician who specializes in the interpretation of medical images is known as a
a. Radiographer.
b. Radiologist.
c. Radiologic technologist.
d. Radiologist assistant.
Answer: b
Becoming a radiologist is a long and intensive course of study after high school. After be c
oming qualified as a physician, many doctors go on to learn the complex field of radio lo
gy and specialize in the interpretation of diagnostic medical images.
Ref: pp. 12-13
12. A class of health care workers who specialize in carrying out treatments designed to
imp rove a patient’s health condition and quality of life and who likely possess a 2- or
4- year degree are known as
a. Technicians.
b. Therapists.
c. Technologists.
d. Practitioners.
Answer: b
Therapists specialize in carrying out treatments designed to correct or improve the functio
n of a particular body part or system. Therapists possess varied levels of educational exp
eriences ranging from 2- to 4-year to graduate college degrees.
Ref: p. 12
13. To become a board-
Certified radiologist, the traditional course of study would follow what educational seque
nce after high school?
a. Residency, baccalaureate degree, medical school
b. Residency, medical school, baccalaureate degree
c. Baccalaureate degree, residency, medical school
d. Baccalaureate degree, medical school, residency
Answer: d
After high school students, interested in becoming physicians must complete a 4-year
premed course of study and then get into a medical school. After medical school, mo s
t mds and dos complete additional clinical experience, known as a residency, in an ar ea
of specialization. Residencies are usually 3 or 4 years long. Some radiologists contin
ue o n to complete further specialization known as a fellowship.
, Ref: pp. 12-13
14. The health occupation that deals with the management of patient medical
records a nd medical coding is
a. Dietetics.
b. Osteopathy.
c. Health information services.
d. Medical records therapist.
Answer: c
Health information services involve careers that are responsible for the management of h
ealth information, such as that contained the patients’ health records. Health information t
e chnologists are involved in the coding of patient conditions. These codes are used to det
e rmine the amount of money a facility is reimbursed for providing care to a patient.
Ref: p. 14
15. All of the following are typical members of the radiology team except
a. Radiology nurse.
b. Biomedical engineer.
c. Radiologic technologist.
d. Radiologist.
Answer: b
The health care team includes
A wide array of specialists. Radiologic technologists work
a s a part of the health care team and interact with many of the other health care mem
bers on a regular basis. These other members are employed in such health services as
medicin e and osteopathy; nursing; and the other health careers that encompass many of t he
diagn ostic services, therapeutic services, and health information services.
Ref: pp. 12-14
16. The medical imaging specialty of
uses radiopharmaceuticals and gamma
radiati o n in the production of medical images for patient diagnosis.
a. Radiation oncology
b. Mri
c. Sonography
d. Nuclear medicine
Answer: d
The field of nuclear medicine involves procedures that use radioactive materials for diagn
ostic or therapeutic purposes. Nuclear medicine procedures usually involve the
imaging o f a patient’s organs—such as the liver, heart, or brain—
After the introduction of a radioactive material known as a
radiopharmaceutical. Ref: pp. 9-10
17. The current medical standard for measuring bone health with a high degree of accuracy is
a. Radiographs of the chest.
, b. Dexa studies of the hip and lower spine.
c. Sonography of the heel.
d. Nuclear scans of the bones.
Answer: b
Bone densitometry (bd) is used to diagnose osteoporosis, a condition that is often recog n
ized in menopausal women but can also occur in men. To detect osteoporosis
accurately
, dual-energy x-
Ray absorptiometry (dexa or dxa) is used. Dexa bd is the current standard for measu r ing
bone mineral density (bmd).
Ref: p. 10
18. Many medical professions have developed —practice standards‖ to ensure optimum p
erformance of their members. The radiography —practice standards‖ are developed a
nd maintained by the
a. American medical association (ama).
b. American society of radiologic technologists (asrt).
c. American registry of radiologic technologists (arrt).
d. Food and drug administration (fda).
Answer: b
Clinical practice standards for radiography have been developed by the asrt. These pr
actice standards help define the role of the radiographer and establish criteria used to jud
ge performance.
Ref: p. 8
19. The education of radiographers involves the commitment and dedication of many peopl
E. All of the following may be directly involved with and responsible for your educatio n
as a radiographer except the
a. Program director.
b. Clinical coordinator or clinical instructor.
c. Medical equipment applications specialist.
d. Didactic faculty member.
Answer: c
Applications personnel from various medical imaging companies are not responsible for t
h e direct teaching of you as a radiographer. They are used to teach users the correct met
h ods for using their various products. Program directors, clinical instructors, and coordi
nat ors have direct responsibility for teaching the fundamentals and principles of radiogra
phy in preparation for a certification examination.
Ref: p. 12
20. To become a qualified radiologist assistant (ra), you
1. Must complete a recognized ra educational course of study.
2. Must successfully pass the national examination for nursing (nclex).
3. Need to be certified in radiography by the arrt.
4. Must successfully complete the radiologist assistant examination offered by the arrt.
5. Need to become a member of a local professional group of radiologic technologists.
,a. 2, 4, and 5 only
b. 1, 3, 4, and 5 only
c. 1, 3, and 4 only
d. 1 and 4 only
Answer: c
An ra is an advanced-
Level radiographer who extends the capacity of the radiologist in the diagnostic imaging e
n vironment, thereby enhancing patient care. Individuals need to be arrt certified in ra
dio graphy and meet the educational, ethics, and examination standards established by the
ar rt. Additionally, the radiologist assistant is an arrt-
Certified radiographer who has completed an advanced academic program encompassing a
n ationally recognized radiologist assistant curriculum and a radiologist-
Directed clinical preceptorship
. Ref: p. 9
, Chapter 02: professional organizations
Adler: introduction to radiologic and imaging sciences and patient care, 9th edition
Multiple choice
1. The process whereby an organization seeks recognition from its peer groups thro
u gh demonstrated compliance with developed standards is termed
a. Licensure.
b. Registration.
c. Accreditation.
d. Self-analysis.
Answer: c
Accreditation is a voluntary peer-
Review process. Accredited programs have satisfactorily demonstrated compliance with
educational standards developed by and for the profession. These standards are set by t
he organizations that sponsor the accrediting agency.
Ref: p. 16
2. Professional certification of medical imaging practitioners, such as radiographers, is
offer e d by the american
a. Society of radiologic technologists.
b. College of radiology.
c. Board of radiology.
d. Registry of radiologic technologists.
Answer: d
Professional certification is a process through which an agency grants recognition to an in
d ividual on demonstration, usually by examination, of specialized professional skills. For
ra diography, the american registry of radiologic technologists (arrt) is a nationally reco
gnized certification agency.
Ref: pp. 17-18
3. Many organizations are involved with medical imaging that make up this great profession.
A common goal of all of these organizations is to
a. Ensure the highest quality of care within the profession.
b. Improve the standard of care within medical imaging.
c. Foster positive public relations and communication with the general
public a n d governmental agencies.
d. Accomplish all of the above.
Answer: d
Professional societies represent the interests of various groups to the public and to govern
mental bodies. Additionally, they foster educational opportunities in an effort to improve
p at ient care standards and quality.
Ref: p. 19
