WGU D312 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT ACTUAL EXAM 300
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALE LATEST UPDATE ALREADY
GRADED A+
SECTION 1: ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY AND BODY
ORGANIZATION (Questions 1-20)
Question 1
The heart is located in which body cavity?
A) Cranial cavity
B) Thoracic cavity
C) Abdominal cavity
D) Pelvic cavity
Answer: B) Thoracic cavity
Rationale: The thoracic cavity is the chest cavity that contains the heart, lungs,
esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels. It is protected by the rib cage and
separated from the abdominal cavity by the diaphragm. The cranial cavity houses
the brain, the abdominal cavity contains digestive organs, and the pelvic cavity
contains reproductive and excretory organs.
---
Question 2
Which directional term means "toward the back"?
A) Anterior
B) Ventral
C) Dorsal
,D) Medial
Answer: C) Dorsal
Rationale: Dorsal refers to the back side of the body. In humans, this is the
posterior surface. Anterior and ventral both refer to the front of the body. Medial
refers to toward the midline of the body. The dorsal body cavity includes the
cranial and vertebral cavities.
---
Question 3
The plane that divides the body into left and right portions is the:
A) Frontal plane
B) Transverse plane
C) Sagittal plane
D) Coronal plane
Answer: C) Sagittal plane
Rationale: The sagittal plane runs vertically from front to back, dividing the body
into left and right sections. If the division is exactly in the midline, it is called a
midsagittal or median plane. The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into
anterior and posterior portions. The transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body
into superior and inferior portions.
---
Question 4
The elbow is ________ to the wrist.
A) Distal
B) Proximal
C) Inferior
D) Lateral
Answer: B) Proximal
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or origin. The elbow is
closer to the shoulder (the attachment point of the arm) than the wrist is, making
,the elbow proximal to the wrist. Distal means farther from the attachment point.
Inferior means lower, and lateral means away from the midline.
---
Question 5
Which body system is responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and
regulating temperature?
A) Skeletal system
B) Muscular system
C) Integumentary system
D) Nervous system
Answer: C) Integumentary system
Rationale: The integumentary system includes the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine
glands. Its functions include protection against pathogens, regulation of body
temperature through sweat and blood flow, synthesis of vitamin D, and sensory
reception. The skeletal system provides support and protection for organs. The
muscular system enables movement. The nervous system controls body functions
through nerve impulses.
---
Question 6
The term "visceral" refers to:
A) The outer wall of a cavity
B) The inner organs of the body
C) The skeletal system
D) The skin surface
Answer: B) The inner organs of the body
Rationale: Visceral refers to the internal organs, particularly those within the
thoracic and abdominal cavities. For example, the visceral pleura covers the lungs,
and the visceral peritoneum covers the abdominal organs. The outer wall covering
is called parietal. The skeletal system and skin surface are not referred to as
visceral.
---
, Question 7
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?
A) Responsiveness
B) Metabolism
C) Inertia
D) Reproduction
Answer: C) Inertia
Rationale: Inertia is a physical property of matter, not a characteristic of living
organisms. The characteristics of life include responsiveness (ability to sense and
respond to stimuli), metabolism (all chemical reactions in the body), reproduction
(ability to produce new individuals), growth, development, movement, and
excretion. All living things possess these characteristics to some degree.
---
Question 8
The serous membrane that surrounds the lungs is called the:
A) Pericardium
B) Peritoneum
C) Pleura
D) Meninges
Answer: C) Pleura
Rationale: The pleura is the serous membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines
the thoracic cavity. It consists of two layers: the visceral pleura (attached to the
lung surface) and the parietal pleura (lining the chest wall). The pericardium
surrounds the heart. The peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity. The meninges
surround the brain and spinal cord.
---
Question 9
The term "ipsilateral" means:
A) On the opposite side of the body
B) On the same side of the body
C) Toward the midline
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT ACTUAL EXAM 300
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALE LATEST UPDATE ALREADY
GRADED A+
SECTION 1: ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY AND BODY
ORGANIZATION (Questions 1-20)
Question 1
The heart is located in which body cavity?
A) Cranial cavity
B) Thoracic cavity
C) Abdominal cavity
D) Pelvic cavity
Answer: B) Thoracic cavity
Rationale: The thoracic cavity is the chest cavity that contains the heart, lungs,
esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels. It is protected by the rib cage and
separated from the abdominal cavity by the diaphragm. The cranial cavity houses
the brain, the abdominal cavity contains digestive organs, and the pelvic cavity
contains reproductive and excretory organs.
---
Question 2
Which directional term means "toward the back"?
A) Anterior
B) Ventral
C) Dorsal
,D) Medial
Answer: C) Dorsal
Rationale: Dorsal refers to the back side of the body. In humans, this is the
posterior surface. Anterior and ventral both refer to the front of the body. Medial
refers to toward the midline of the body. The dorsal body cavity includes the
cranial and vertebral cavities.
---
Question 3
The plane that divides the body into left and right portions is the:
A) Frontal plane
B) Transverse plane
C) Sagittal plane
D) Coronal plane
Answer: C) Sagittal plane
Rationale: The sagittal plane runs vertically from front to back, dividing the body
into left and right sections. If the division is exactly in the midline, it is called a
midsagittal or median plane. The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into
anterior and posterior portions. The transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body
into superior and inferior portions.
---
Question 4
The elbow is ________ to the wrist.
A) Distal
B) Proximal
C) Inferior
D) Lateral
Answer: B) Proximal
Rationale: Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or origin. The elbow is
closer to the shoulder (the attachment point of the arm) than the wrist is, making
,the elbow proximal to the wrist. Distal means farther from the attachment point.
Inferior means lower, and lateral means away from the midline.
---
Question 5
Which body system is responsible for protecting the body from pathogens and
regulating temperature?
A) Skeletal system
B) Muscular system
C) Integumentary system
D) Nervous system
Answer: C) Integumentary system
Rationale: The integumentary system includes the skin, hair, nails, and exocrine
glands. Its functions include protection against pathogens, regulation of body
temperature through sweat and blood flow, synthesis of vitamin D, and sensory
reception. The skeletal system provides support and protection for organs. The
muscular system enables movement. The nervous system controls body functions
through nerve impulses.
---
Question 6
The term "visceral" refers to:
A) The outer wall of a cavity
B) The inner organs of the body
C) The skeletal system
D) The skin surface
Answer: B) The inner organs of the body
Rationale: Visceral refers to the internal organs, particularly those within the
thoracic and abdominal cavities. For example, the visceral pleura covers the lungs,
and the visceral peritoneum covers the abdominal organs. The outer wall covering
is called parietal. The skeletal system and skin surface are not referred to as
visceral.
---
, Question 7
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms?
A) Responsiveness
B) Metabolism
C) Inertia
D) Reproduction
Answer: C) Inertia
Rationale: Inertia is a physical property of matter, not a characteristic of living
organisms. The characteristics of life include responsiveness (ability to sense and
respond to stimuli), metabolism (all chemical reactions in the body), reproduction
(ability to produce new individuals), growth, development, movement, and
excretion. All living things possess these characteristics to some degree.
---
Question 8
The serous membrane that surrounds the lungs is called the:
A) Pericardium
B) Peritoneum
C) Pleura
D) Meninges
Answer: C) Pleura
Rationale: The pleura is the serous membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines
the thoracic cavity. It consists of two layers: the visceral pleura (attached to the
lung surface) and the parietal pleura (lining the chest wall). The pericardium
surrounds the heart. The peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity. The meninges
surround the brain and spinal cord.
---
Question 9
The term "ipsilateral" means:
A) On the opposite side of the body
B) On the same side of the body
C) Toward the midline
