HCMG 1010; EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED
A+
1980s: health/opportunity went "off the rails" - correct
answer- - society became less mobile economically
- see decrease in # of ppl returning to college
1983: Major change in hospital financing: FFS --> PPS -
correct answer- During FFS: hospitals slow-rolled their
patients, took their time, did more tests, made more $$$
During PPS: hospitals were given X$ for diagnosis and had to
face consequence of overspending
- resulted in hospitals cutting nurses from payroll
- hired more CNAs and LPNs
- patients are more likely to die in hands of less educated nurses
compared to BNS
2014-2022: Fee-for-service revenue share vs APM revenue share
- correct answer- 70% FFS vs 30% APM
,- drs getting 100% revenue from FFS decreased a little and drs
getting 0% revenue from FFS increased a little
Affiliation between specialities involved in updating procedure
codes - correct answer- - Medicare converts these
relative prices into levels
- More affiliated specialities may use more of the same codes,
may lead to more money being given to these specialties by
insurance companies (i think)
AHA released initiative that did not address nursing shortage
problem - correct answer- - instead seemed to make
becoming a nurse in the US easier (increasing # of nurses and
not conditions that nurses are working in that is driving them
out of the field)
America's Health Crisis - correct answer- - Since
1980s, 1 in 2 deaths under age 65 in US would have been
prevented if death rates were similar to peer countries
- black and AIAN are overrepresented among "Missing
Americans"
,Automative plant closure research - correct answer- -
looked at where manufacturers tended to live (1999), saw that
some plants closed while other plants did not close
- decisions to closed based on trucks being made and not type of
worker, unanticipated closures, huge increase in opioid
overdose deaths in these areas
- opportunity disappearing made it easier for availability of
opioids to have big impact on mortality
Automative plant closures lead to: - correct answer-
85% relative increase in mortality
Broad, interconnected mechanisms could be generating
observed place health effects, including: - correct
answer- - local environment (extreme weather events,
abnormally cold/hot periods, pollution levels)
- socioeconomic status
- peer effects
- health care delivery
- public policy
, Bundling: payment per episode - correct answer- -
episodes of care as the base of payment (variation in what is
included in bundle, does not always include downstream care)
- financial incentive: decrease costs per case, no incentive to
decrease # of cases, insurer at risk for # of cases, provider at risk
for each case
Pros: improve coordination of care, reduce unnecessary
utilization
Cons: skimp on care or cherry-pick patients
- find large savings from bundled payments relative to FFS
Burnout - correct answer- - state of emotional,
mental, and even physical exhaustion, due to repeated stress
resulting in depersonalization, cynicism, lack of work
engagement
- diff from unavoidable occupational strain that is inherent to
nurses' role (death/stress)
- more due to avoidable occupational stress resulting from
system failures that interfere w HC workers ability do their job
effectively
- not result of lack of resilience in nurses
DETAILED VERIFIED ANSWERS (100%
CORRECT ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED
A+
1980s: health/opportunity went "off the rails" - correct
answer- - society became less mobile economically
- see decrease in # of ppl returning to college
1983: Major change in hospital financing: FFS --> PPS -
correct answer- During FFS: hospitals slow-rolled their
patients, took their time, did more tests, made more $$$
During PPS: hospitals were given X$ for diagnosis and had to
face consequence of overspending
- resulted in hospitals cutting nurses from payroll
- hired more CNAs and LPNs
- patients are more likely to die in hands of less educated nurses
compared to BNS
2014-2022: Fee-for-service revenue share vs APM revenue share
- correct answer- 70% FFS vs 30% APM
,- drs getting 100% revenue from FFS decreased a little and drs
getting 0% revenue from FFS increased a little
Affiliation between specialities involved in updating procedure
codes - correct answer- - Medicare converts these
relative prices into levels
- More affiliated specialities may use more of the same codes,
may lead to more money being given to these specialties by
insurance companies (i think)
AHA released initiative that did not address nursing shortage
problem - correct answer- - instead seemed to make
becoming a nurse in the US easier (increasing # of nurses and
not conditions that nurses are working in that is driving them
out of the field)
America's Health Crisis - correct answer- - Since
1980s, 1 in 2 deaths under age 65 in US would have been
prevented if death rates were similar to peer countries
- black and AIAN are overrepresented among "Missing
Americans"
,Automative plant closure research - correct answer- -
looked at where manufacturers tended to live (1999), saw that
some plants closed while other plants did not close
- decisions to closed based on trucks being made and not type of
worker, unanticipated closures, huge increase in opioid
overdose deaths in these areas
- opportunity disappearing made it easier for availability of
opioids to have big impact on mortality
Automative plant closures lead to: - correct answer-
85% relative increase in mortality
Broad, interconnected mechanisms could be generating
observed place health effects, including: - correct
answer- - local environment (extreme weather events,
abnormally cold/hot periods, pollution levels)
- socioeconomic status
- peer effects
- health care delivery
- public policy
, Bundling: payment per episode - correct answer- -
episodes of care as the base of payment (variation in what is
included in bundle, does not always include downstream care)
- financial incentive: decrease costs per case, no incentive to
decrease # of cases, insurer at risk for # of cases, provider at risk
for each case
Pros: improve coordination of care, reduce unnecessary
utilization
Cons: skimp on care or cherry-pick patients
- find large savings from bundled payments relative to FFS
Burnout - correct answer- - state of emotional,
mental, and even physical exhaustion, due to repeated stress
resulting in depersonalization, cynicism, lack of work
engagement
- diff from unavoidable occupational strain that is inherent to
nurses' role (death/stress)
- more due to avoidable occupational stress resulting from
system failures that interfere w HC workers ability do their job
effectively
- not result of lack of resilience in nurses
