TEST BANK
** All Chapters included
** Multiple Choice Questions
,Table of Contents are given below
1: The Foundational Concepts of Clinical Practice (Instructor Test Bank Intentionally
Omitted)
2: Chemical and Biochemical Foundations
3: Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Genetic Disorders
4: Cell Physiology and Pathophysiology
5: Infectious Disease
6: The Immune System and Leukocyte Function
7: Neoplasia
8: Blood and Clotting
9: Circulation
10: Heart
11: Lungs
12: Kidneys
13: Gastrointestinal Tract
14: Liver
15: Nervous System
16: Musculoskeletal System
17: Endocrine System
, Chapter 2
Chemical and Biochemical Foundations
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following best describes why atoms have an overall neutral charge?
a. Electrons orbit on the outside of the atom.
@ Incorrect answer. Although it is true that electrons orbit outside the nucleus, this is not the reason
why atoms have an overall neutral charge.
*b. The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
@ Correct answer. There is an equal number of protons, which have a positive charge, and electrons,
which have a negative charge. The positive and negative charges balance one another out for an
overall neutral charge.
c. There are more neutrons than protons.
@ Incorrect answer. There is an equal number of neutrons and protons. Additionally, neutrons have a
neutral charge.
d. There are four electrons in the outer shell.
@ Incorrect answer. Some elements have four electrons in the outer shell, but this is not the reason
for the overall neutral charge. The number of electrons will match the number of protons.
2. Why do hydrogen and potassium readily interact with other atoms?
a. They only have electrons in the first shell.
@ Incorrect answer. Hydrogen has one electron, but potassium has 19 electrons. Therefore, potassium
has two electrons in the first shell, eight in the second and third shells, and one in the fourth shell.
Hydrogen has one electron in the first shell.
b. They have electrons in all shells.
1
, @ Incorrect answer. Hydrogen has one electron in the first shell. Potassium has two electrons in the
first shell, eight in the second and third shells, and one in the fourth shell.
c. They both have four electrons in the outer shell.
@ Incorrect answer. Both hydrogen and potassium have one electron in their outer shells.
*d. They both have one electron in the outer shell.
@ Correct answer. Both hydrogen and potassium have one electron in their outer shells, meaning they
can readily interact with other atoms.
3. How many electrons does carbon use to interact with other atoms?
*a. 4
@ Correct answer. Carbon has four electrons in its outer shell. Only the electrons in the outer shell, or
valence electrons, are used to interact with other electrons.
b. 6
@ Incorrect answer. While carbon has a total of six electrons, only the electrons in the outer shell are
used to interact with other electrons. Two of carbon’s six electrons are in the first shell.
c. 1
@ Incorrect answer. Carbon has four valence electrons.
d. 2
@ Incorrect answer. While carbon has two electrons in the first shell, it also has four valence
electrons that are used to interact with other elements.
4. Which of the following is true regarding the role of bicarbonate in maintaining homeostasis?
a. Bicarbonate dissociates from hydroxide to form a free hydroxide that neutralizes acid.
@ Incorrect answer. The dissociation of sodium from a hydroxide ion creates a free hydroxide that
neutralizes acid.
b. Bicarbonate releases protons when diluted with water, which neutralizes acids.
2
** All Chapters included
** Multiple Choice Questions
,Table of Contents are given below
1: The Foundational Concepts of Clinical Practice (Instructor Test Bank Intentionally
Omitted)
2: Chemical and Biochemical Foundations
3: Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Genetic Disorders
4: Cell Physiology and Pathophysiology
5: Infectious Disease
6: The Immune System and Leukocyte Function
7: Neoplasia
8: Blood and Clotting
9: Circulation
10: Heart
11: Lungs
12: Kidneys
13: Gastrointestinal Tract
14: Liver
15: Nervous System
16: Musculoskeletal System
17: Endocrine System
, Chapter 2
Chemical and Biochemical Foundations
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following best describes why atoms have an overall neutral charge?
a. Electrons orbit on the outside of the atom.
@ Incorrect answer. Although it is true that electrons orbit outside the nucleus, this is not the reason
why atoms have an overall neutral charge.
*b. The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
@ Correct answer. There is an equal number of protons, which have a positive charge, and electrons,
which have a negative charge. The positive and negative charges balance one another out for an
overall neutral charge.
c. There are more neutrons than protons.
@ Incorrect answer. There is an equal number of neutrons and protons. Additionally, neutrons have a
neutral charge.
d. There are four electrons in the outer shell.
@ Incorrect answer. Some elements have four electrons in the outer shell, but this is not the reason
for the overall neutral charge. The number of electrons will match the number of protons.
2. Why do hydrogen and potassium readily interact with other atoms?
a. They only have electrons in the first shell.
@ Incorrect answer. Hydrogen has one electron, but potassium has 19 electrons. Therefore, potassium
has two electrons in the first shell, eight in the second and third shells, and one in the fourth shell.
Hydrogen has one electron in the first shell.
b. They have electrons in all shells.
1
, @ Incorrect answer. Hydrogen has one electron in the first shell. Potassium has two electrons in the
first shell, eight in the second and third shells, and one in the fourth shell.
c. They both have four electrons in the outer shell.
@ Incorrect answer. Both hydrogen and potassium have one electron in their outer shells.
*d. They both have one electron in the outer shell.
@ Correct answer. Both hydrogen and potassium have one electron in their outer shells, meaning they
can readily interact with other atoms.
3. How many electrons does carbon use to interact with other atoms?
*a. 4
@ Correct answer. Carbon has four electrons in its outer shell. Only the electrons in the outer shell, or
valence electrons, are used to interact with other electrons.
b. 6
@ Incorrect answer. While carbon has a total of six electrons, only the electrons in the outer shell are
used to interact with other electrons. Two of carbon’s six electrons are in the first shell.
c. 1
@ Incorrect answer. Carbon has four valence electrons.
d. 2
@ Incorrect answer. While carbon has two electrons in the first shell, it also has four valence
electrons that are used to interact with other elements.
4. Which of the following is true regarding the role of bicarbonate in maintaining homeostasis?
a. Bicarbonate dissociates from hydroxide to form a free hydroxide that neutralizes acid.
@ Incorrect answer. The dissociation of sodium from a hydroxide ion creates a free hydroxide that
neutralizes acid.
b. Bicarbonate releases protons when diluted with water, which neutralizes acids.
2
