MGT 302 EXAM 2 COMPLETE STUDY
GUIDE WITH PRACTICE QUESTIONS,
ANSWERS AND COMPREHENSIVE
TEST REVIEW
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers | 100% Verified
Exam Prep
,Culture a system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when
taken together constitute a design for living
Values ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable
Attitudes beliefs/feelings/behaviors toward an object
Norms Social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations
Folkways routine conventions of everyday life
Mores norms seen as central to the functioning of a society and to its social life
cultural determinism overwhelming majority of human behaviors are driven by cultural programming
Enculturation - how you come to learn particular rules of your culture
The Iceberg Model of Culture "Overt culture" above the waterline- language, dress, behaviors, habits, food. (Surface)
"covert culture" below the waterline- values, norms, beliefs, attitudes, assumptions
(unspoken rules and
unconscious rules)
Ethnocentrism Behavior that is based on the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group or
culture; often shows disregard or contempt for the culture of other countries
Cultural Distance measure of the degree of differences between two cultures (views of ethics and right and
wrong, religion, tolerance, view of business) (Implication- business assignment, hofstede
model- a low score there is a low difference, large score means a large difference)
Cultural Frameworks are tools for measuring cultural distance, the degree of difference between two cultures.
•Can provide a best first guess for how to interact with someone from a different culture.
•Should be viewed as a compass rather than a detailed topographical map.
, Hofstede's Value Survey Model •Power Distance - the society's tolerance for inequalities
•Individualism versus Collectivism - the relationship between the individual and his/her
fellows
•Uncertainty Avoidance - the extent to which a culture accepts ambiguous situations and
tolerates uncertainty
•Masculinity versus Femininity - the degree to which people in a culture espouse
traditional Western gender roles
•Time Orientation / Confucian Dynamism - attitudes toward time, persistence and respect
for tradition
Strengths:
•Number of countries involved.
•Size of sample.
•Results replicated in later research.
Weaknesses:
•Used average responses for each country rather than individual responses.
•Survey was not designed to test culture.
•Assumed a one-to-one correspondence between culture and nation-state.
•Potential cultural biases of researchers.
•Data based on a single industry and a single firm.
Data is becoming dated
Phases of Cultural Adjustment Honeymoon
Culture Shock
Adjustment
Mastery
Preparing for Culture Shock •Have Realistic Expectations
•Cultural Training
•Language Training
•Practical Training
GUIDE WITH PRACTICE QUESTIONS,
ANSWERS AND COMPREHENSIVE
TEST REVIEW
Updated 2026 Questions and Answers | 100% Verified
Exam Prep
,Culture a system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when
taken together constitute a design for living
Values ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable
Attitudes beliefs/feelings/behaviors toward an object
Norms Social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behavior in particular situations
Folkways routine conventions of everyday life
Mores norms seen as central to the functioning of a society and to its social life
cultural determinism overwhelming majority of human behaviors are driven by cultural programming
Enculturation - how you come to learn particular rules of your culture
The Iceberg Model of Culture "Overt culture" above the waterline- language, dress, behaviors, habits, food. (Surface)
"covert culture" below the waterline- values, norms, beliefs, attitudes, assumptions
(unspoken rules and
unconscious rules)
Ethnocentrism Behavior that is based on the belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group or
culture; often shows disregard or contempt for the culture of other countries
Cultural Distance measure of the degree of differences between two cultures (views of ethics and right and
wrong, religion, tolerance, view of business) (Implication- business assignment, hofstede
model- a low score there is a low difference, large score means a large difference)
Cultural Frameworks are tools for measuring cultural distance, the degree of difference between two cultures.
•Can provide a best first guess for how to interact with someone from a different culture.
•Should be viewed as a compass rather than a detailed topographical map.
, Hofstede's Value Survey Model •Power Distance - the society's tolerance for inequalities
•Individualism versus Collectivism - the relationship between the individual and his/her
fellows
•Uncertainty Avoidance - the extent to which a culture accepts ambiguous situations and
tolerates uncertainty
•Masculinity versus Femininity - the degree to which people in a culture espouse
traditional Western gender roles
•Time Orientation / Confucian Dynamism - attitudes toward time, persistence and respect
for tradition
Strengths:
•Number of countries involved.
•Size of sample.
•Results replicated in later research.
Weaknesses:
•Used average responses for each country rather than individual responses.
•Survey was not designed to test culture.
•Assumed a one-to-one correspondence between culture and nation-state.
•Potential cultural biases of researchers.
•Data based on a single industry and a single firm.
Data is becoming dated
Phases of Cultural Adjustment Honeymoon
Culture Shock
Adjustment
Mastery
Preparing for Culture Shock •Have Realistic Expectations
•Cultural Training
•Language Training
•Practical Training
