Med-Surg NSG 330 Exam 2 Complete Review 2026 |
Accurate Answers
1. Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland:
thyroxine
cortisol
vasopressin
glucagon
2. Describe how Sulfonylureas function in diabetes treatment and their potential
side effects.
Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas, which
can lead to hypoglycemia as a side effect.
Sulfonylureas increase glucose absorption in the intestines, leading to
weight gain.
Sulfonylureas have no significant side effects related to insulin
secretion.
Sulfonylureas inhibit insulin production, causing nausea and diarrhea.
3. If a patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism, which hormone levels would
you expect to be low, and what symptoms might they exhibit?
Low levels of Triiodothyronine (T3) and symptoms such as hair loss.
Low levels of Thyroxine (T4) and symptoms such as fatigue and
weight gain.
Normal levels of Thyroxine (T4) and symptoms such as excessive
sweating.
, High levels of Thyroxine (T4) and symptoms such as increased heart
rate.
4. If a patient with diabetes is scheduled for a contrast-enhanced imaging study,
what steps should be taken regarding their Biguanide medication?
The patient should switch to insulin therapy before the procedure.
The patient should reduce the dosage of Biguanides before the
procedure.
The patient should stop taking Biguanides 24 hours before the
procedure and not resume until 48 hours after.
The patient should continue taking Biguanides as usual.
5. The nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism who is being treated with
radioactive iodine (RAI) at the clinic. Which of the following information
should the nurse provide to the client prior to discharge?
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism should be relieved in about a week.
Teach radioactive precautions to use with urine, stool, and other body
secretions.
Hypothyroidism may occur as the RAI therapy takes effect.
Discontinue the antithyroid medications taken before the radioactive
therapy.
6. What is the primary objective of treating hyperthyroidism?
To manage blood glucose levels
To enhance metabolic rate
To increase insulin production
To reduce thyroid hormone levels
,7. In managing a patient with Cushing's syndrome, what nursing intervention
would be most appropriate to monitor for potential complications?
Frequent checks of blood pressure only
Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels
Weekly evaluation of muscle mass
Daily assessment of skin integrity
8. Describe how dehydration contributes to the development of Hyperosmolar
Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS).
Dehydration directly causes insulin production to increase.
Dehydration leads to increased blood glucose concentration,
resulting in HHS.
Dehydration causes insulin resistance, preventing glucose uptake.
Dehydration reduces the effectiveness of oral medications.
9. What type of disorder is Type 1 diabetes?
Endocrine disorder
Metabolic disorder
Genetic disorder
Autoimmune disorder
10. What is the primary product of glucose breakdown in cellular metabolism?
Water
Energy
Carbon Dioxide
, Oxygen
11. Describe how hyperthyroidism affects the cardiovascular system.
Hyperthyroidism can lead to an increased heart rate and
palpitations due to elevated thyroid hormone levels.
Hyperthyroidism has no significant effect on the cardiovascular
system.
Hyperthyroidism causes a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure.
Hyperthyroidism primarily affects the respiratory system.
12. What is the primary goal of nutrition and exercise in managing Type 2
diabetes?
To increase insulin resistance
To improve blood glucose control
To eliminate the need for medication
To promote weight gain
13. A patient with Cushing's syndrome presents with a new skin infection. Based
on this information, which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate?
Ineffective coping
Deficient knowledge
Impaired skin integrity
Risk for infection
14. A patient who is on a treatment regimen following diagnosis of Graves'
disease is feeling frustrated after 4 weeks of treatment. What should the
nurse advise her?
Accurate Answers
1. Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland:
thyroxine
cortisol
vasopressin
glucagon
2. Describe how Sulfonylureas function in diabetes treatment and their potential
side effects.
Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas, which
can lead to hypoglycemia as a side effect.
Sulfonylureas increase glucose absorption in the intestines, leading to
weight gain.
Sulfonylureas have no significant side effects related to insulin
secretion.
Sulfonylureas inhibit insulin production, causing nausea and diarrhea.
3. If a patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism, which hormone levels would
you expect to be low, and what symptoms might they exhibit?
Low levels of Triiodothyronine (T3) and symptoms such as hair loss.
Low levels of Thyroxine (T4) and symptoms such as fatigue and
weight gain.
Normal levels of Thyroxine (T4) and symptoms such as excessive
sweating.
, High levels of Thyroxine (T4) and symptoms such as increased heart
rate.
4. If a patient with diabetes is scheduled for a contrast-enhanced imaging study,
what steps should be taken regarding their Biguanide medication?
The patient should switch to insulin therapy before the procedure.
The patient should reduce the dosage of Biguanides before the
procedure.
The patient should stop taking Biguanides 24 hours before the
procedure and not resume until 48 hours after.
The patient should continue taking Biguanides as usual.
5. The nurse is caring for a client with hyperthyroidism who is being treated with
radioactive iodine (RAI) at the clinic. Which of the following information
should the nurse provide to the client prior to discharge?
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism should be relieved in about a week.
Teach radioactive precautions to use with urine, stool, and other body
secretions.
Hypothyroidism may occur as the RAI therapy takes effect.
Discontinue the antithyroid medications taken before the radioactive
therapy.
6. What is the primary objective of treating hyperthyroidism?
To manage blood glucose levels
To enhance metabolic rate
To increase insulin production
To reduce thyroid hormone levels
,7. In managing a patient with Cushing's syndrome, what nursing intervention
would be most appropriate to monitor for potential complications?
Frequent checks of blood pressure only
Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels
Weekly evaluation of muscle mass
Daily assessment of skin integrity
8. Describe how dehydration contributes to the development of Hyperosmolar
Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS).
Dehydration directly causes insulin production to increase.
Dehydration leads to increased blood glucose concentration,
resulting in HHS.
Dehydration causes insulin resistance, preventing glucose uptake.
Dehydration reduces the effectiveness of oral medications.
9. What type of disorder is Type 1 diabetes?
Endocrine disorder
Metabolic disorder
Genetic disorder
Autoimmune disorder
10. What is the primary product of glucose breakdown in cellular metabolism?
Water
Energy
Carbon Dioxide
, Oxygen
11. Describe how hyperthyroidism affects the cardiovascular system.
Hyperthyroidism can lead to an increased heart rate and
palpitations due to elevated thyroid hormone levels.
Hyperthyroidism has no significant effect on the cardiovascular
system.
Hyperthyroidism causes a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure.
Hyperthyroidism primarily affects the respiratory system.
12. What is the primary goal of nutrition and exercise in managing Type 2
diabetes?
To increase insulin resistance
To improve blood glucose control
To eliminate the need for medication
To promote weight gain
13. A patient with Cushing's syndrome presents with a new skin infection. Based
on this information, which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate?
Ineffective coping
Deficient knowledge
Impaired skin integrity
Risk for infection
14. A patient who is on a treatment regimen following diagnosis of Graves'
disease is feeling frustrated after 4 weeks of treatment. What should the
nurse advise her?
