WGU C182 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS EXAM REVIEW
◉ Bus
Answer: Permits information to move between each component;
electrical channels that enable communication among the
electronic components
◉ System Unit
Answer: Critical component of all computer based systems;
consists of most of the hardware the computer needs in order to
run; comes in a variety of shapes and sizes.
◉ Internal Components of the System Unit
Answer: Case, Internal Bays, Buses, Ports, Hard Drive,
Motherboard, CPU, CPU Cooler, Memory Module (RAM), Power
Supply Unit (PSU), Expansion Slots/Cards
◉ Parts of the CPU
Answer: Control Unit (CU) - retrieves the instructions and the raw
data that is input and coordinates or controls the sending of those
instructions and data to the ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - does the actual processing of the
data; completing mathematical calculations and logical operations
,to process the data and converting the input of the keyboard text
entry to output displayed on the screen
◉ System Clock
Answer: Controls the speed at which instructions are processed.
◉ RAM
Answer: Stands for Random Access Memory.
It temporarily stores data before it is processed and sent to your
screen or printer.
It is volatile (means data or information stored disappears when
the computer is turned off or loses power).
You can choose the amount of RAM your computer has.
◉ Types of RAM
Answer: Dynamic RAM (DRAM) - typically called main memory
Static RAM (SRAM) - cache memory and registers
◉ BIOS ROM
,Answer: BIOS stands for Basic Input Output System; ROM stands
for Read Only Memory.
Typically stored in ROM chip on the motherboard.
Is software not hardware, ("basic" operating system that runs
when the computer is first turned on).
Runs tests of memory and the CPU and initializes hardware
components so that the actual Operating System can be loaded
from the hard disk.
Can't choose the amount or contents.
◉ 1st Generation of Computers
Answer: Vacuum tubes, relay switches, the need to program in
machine language
◉ 2nd Generation of Computers
Answer: Transistor components, magnetic core memory, smaller
size, easier to program, disk drives and drums, called mainframe
computers
◉ 3rd Generation of Computers
, Answer: Silicon chips (known as ICs - integrated circuits), reduced
cost, called mini computers, networks introduced via dumb
terminals
◉ 4th Generation of Computers
Answer: Single chip processor, called microcomputer, first
personal computer, rudimentary computer graphics, home use
◉ Moore's Law
Answer: Doubling of transistor count roughly every 18 - 24
months (exponential increase)
◉ Evolution of Storage
Answer: Punch cards, magnetic tape, hard disks, floppy disks,
optical discs, flash memory, cloud storage
◉ Machine/Low-level Language
Answer: Written for a specific machine by the engineers who built
and ran the computers; no need for OS since only one program
could run at a time
◉ Assembly Language
Answer: Easier than machine but still required detailed, precise
low level instructions
CORRECT ANSWERS EXAM REVIEW
◉ Bus
Answer: Permits information to move between each component;
electrical channels that enable communication among the
electronic components
◉ System Unit
Answer: Critical component of all computer based systems;
consists of most of the hardware the computer needs in order to
run; comes in a variety of shapes and sizes.
◉ Internal Components of the System Unit
Answer: Case, Internal Bays, Buses, Ports, Hard Drive,
Motherboard, CPU, CPU Cooler, Memory Module (RAM), Power
Supply Unit (PSU), Expansion Slots/Cards
◉ Parts of the CPU
Answer: Control Unit (CU) - retrieves the instructions and the raw
data that is input and coordinates or controls the sending of those
instructions and data to the ALU
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - does the actual processing of the
data; completing mathematical calculations and logical operations
,to process the data and converting the input of the keyboard text
entry to output displayed on the screen
◉ System Clock
Answer: Controls the speed at which instructions are processed.
◉ RAM
Answer: Stands for Random Access Memory.
It temporarily stores data before it is processed and sent to your
screen or printer.
It is volatile (means data or information stored disappears when
the computer is turned off or loses power).
You can choose the amount of RAM your computer has.
◉ Types of RAM
Answer: Dynamic RAM (DRAM) - typically called main memory
Static RAM (SRAM) - cache memory and registers
◉ BIOS ROM
,Answer: BIOS stands for Basic Input Output System; ROM stands
for Read Only Memory.
Typically stored in ROM chip on the motherboard.
Is software not hardware, ("basic" operating system that runs
when the computer is first turned on).
Runs tests of memory and the CPU and initializes hardware
components so that the actual Operating System can be loaded
from the hard disk.
Can't choose the amount or contents.
◉ 1st Generation of Computers
Answer: Vacuum tubes, relay switches, the need to program in
machine language
◉ 2nd Generation of Computers
Answer: Transistor components, magnetic core memory, smaller
size, easier to program, disk drives and drums, called mainframe
computers
◉ 3rd Generation of Computers
, Answer: Silicon chips (known as ICs - integrated circuits), reduced
cost, called mini computers, networks introduced via dumb
terminals
◉ 4th Generation of Computers
Answer: Single chip processor, called microcomputer, first
personal computer, rudimentary computer graphics, home use
◉ Moore's Law
Answer: Doubling of transistor count roughly every 18 - 24
months (exponential increase)
◉ Evolution of Storage
Answer: Punch cards, magnetic tape, hard disks, floppy disks,
optical discs, flash memory, cloud storage
◉ Machine/Low-level Language
Answer: Written for a specific machine by the engineers who built
and ran the computers; no need for OS since only one program
could run at a time
◉ Assembly Language
Answer: Easier than machine but still required detailed, precise
low level instructions
