NUR3031 - FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING - EXAM 1 - NSU - POVEA |
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE & EXAM REVIEW 2026/2027
Nursing process - ANS ✔✔Systematic way of gathering and using information to plan and provide
individualized patient care
Assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, evaluating - ANS ✔✔What are the 5 steps to organize
and prioritize patient care
Assessing - ANS ✔✔The systematic and continuous collection, validation, analysis, and communication
of patient data
Diagnosing - ANS ✔✔Analyzing patient data to identify patient strengths and problems
Planning - ANS ✔✔Specifying patient outcomes (goals) and related nursing interventions
Implementing - ANS ✔✔Carrying out the plan of care; The phase of the nursing process in which the
nursing care plan is put into action
Evaluating - ANS ✔✔Measuring extent to which patient achieved outcomes
Systemic, dynamic, interpersonal, outcome oriented, universally applicable - ANS ✔✔What are some of
the characteristics of the nursing process?
Scientifically base, holistic individualized patient care. Continuity of care. Clear, efficient, cost-effective
plan of action. - ANS ✔✔Benefits of the nursing process to the PATIENT:
Opportunity to work collaboratively with other healthcare workers, satisfaction of making a difference in
lives of patients, opportunity to grow professionally. - ANS ✔✔Benefits of the nursing process to other
NURSES:
Initial, focused, emergency, time-lapse - ANS ✔✔Types of assessment:
Initial assessment - ANS ✔✔Performed shortly after the patient is admitted to a health care agency or
service. Most institutions have policies specifying the time interval within which this assessment must be
completed. The purpose of this assessment is to establish a complete database for problem
identification and care planning.
Focused assessment - ANS ✔✔Assessment used to identify new or over- looked problems. The nurse
gathers data about a specific problem that has already been identified. Helpful questions include:
What are your signs and symptoms?
When did they start?
Were you doing anything different than usual when they
started?
What makes your symptoms better? Worse?
Are you taking any remedies (medical or natural) for your
, symptoms?
Emergency assessment - ANS ✔✔An assessment used to identify life- threatening problems. Ex: A long-
term care facility resident who begins choking in the dining room, a bleeding patient brought to the
emergency department with a stab wound.
Time-lapsed assessment - ANS ✔✔An assessment scheduled to compare a patient's current status to the
baseline data obtained earlier.
Ex: Most patients in residential settings and those receiving nursing care over longer periods of time,
Subjective data - ANS ✔✔Information perceived only by the affected person; these data cannot be
perceived or verified by another person. Examples: feeling nervous, nauseated, or chilly, and
experiencing pain. Symptoms or covert data.
Objective data - ANS ✔✔Observable and measurable data that can be seen, heard, felt, or measured by
someone other than the person experiencing them. Data that is observed by one person can be verified
by another person observing the same patient. Examples of objective data are an elevated temperature
reading (e.g., 101°F), skin that is moist, and refusal to look at or eat food.
Patient - ANS ✔✔Who is the primary and usually the best source of information to collect data?
NANDA-I - ANS ✔✔Provides common language for nurses. An association that identifies, develops, and
classifies nursing diagnoses
Nursing Diagnosis - ANS ✔✔Describes patient problems nurses can treat independently
Medical Diagnosis - ANS ✔✔Describes problems for which the physician directs the primary trreatment
Kardex Care plan - ANS ✔✔trade name for a care plan documentation system that encompasses (1)
prescriptions for nursing care related to activities of daily living; (2) nursing diagnoses and related patient
goals and nursing orders; and (3) the nursing care related to diagnostic measures and the medical
regimen
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs - ANS ✔✔physiological needs-->safety needs-->love-->esteem-->self-
actualization.
Implementing - ANS ✔✔Determine the patient's new or continuing need for assistance.
Promote self-care.
Assist the patient to achieve valued health outcomes.
Four Types of Outcomes: Evaluating - ANS ✔✔Cognitive—increase in patient knowledge
Asking patient to repeat information or apply new knowledge
Psychomotor—patient's achievement of new skills
Asking the patient to demonstrate new skill
Affective—changes in patient values, beliefs, and attitudes
Observing patient behavior and conversation
Physiologic—physical changes in the patient
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE & EXAM REVIEW 2026/2027
Nursing process - ANS ✔✔Systematic way of gathering and using information to plan and provide
individualized patient care
Assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, evaluating - ANS ✔✔What are the 5 steps to organize
and prioritize patient care
Assessing - ANS ✔✔The systematic and continuous collection, validation, analysis, and communication
of patient data
Diagnosing - ANS ✔✔Analyzing patient data to identify patient strengths and problems
Planning - ANS ✔✔Specifying patient outcomes (goals) and related nursing interventions
Implementing - ANS ✔✔Carrying out the plan of care; The phase of the nursing process in which the
nursing care plan is put into action
Evaluating - ANS ✔✔Measuring extent to which patient achieved outcomes
Systemic, dynamic, interpersonal, outcome oriented, universally applicable - ANS ✔✔What are some of
the characteristics of the nursing process?
Scientifically base, holistic individualized patient care. Continuity of care. Clear, efficient, cost-effective
plan of action. - ANS ✔✔Benefits of the nursing process to the PATIENT:
Opportunity to work collaboratively with other healthcare workers, satisfaction of making a difference in
lives of patients, opportunity to grow professionally. - ANS ✔✔Benefits of the nursing process to other
NURSES:
Initial, focused, emergency, time-lapse - ANS ✔✔Types of assessment:
Initial assessment - ANS ✔✔Performed shortly after the patient is admitted to a health care agency or
service. Most institutions have policies specifying the time interval within which this assessment must be
completed. The purpose of this assessment is to establish a complete database for problem
identification and care planning.
Focused assessment - ANS ✔✔Assessment used to identify new or over- looked problems. The nurse
gathers data about a specific problem that has already been identified. Helpful questions include:
What are your signs and symptoms?
When did they start?
Were you doing anything different than usual when they
started?
What makes your symptoms better? Worse?
Are you taking any remedies (medical or natural) for your
, symptoms?
Emergency assessment - ANS ✔✔An assessment used to identify life- threatening problems. Ex: A long-
term care facility resident who begins choking in the dining room, a bleeding patient brought to the
emergency department with a stab wound.
Time-lapsed assessment - ANS ✔✔An assessment scheduled to compare a patient's current status to the
baseline data obtained earlier.
Ex: Most patients in residential settings and those receiving nursing care over longer periods of time,
Subjective data - ANS ✔✔Information perceived only by the affected person; these data cannot be
perceived or verified by another person. Examples: feeling nervous, nauseated, or chilly, and
experiencing pain. Symptoms or covert data.
Objective data - ANS ✔✔Observable and measurable data that can be seen, heard, felt, or measured by
someone other than the person experiencing them. Data that is observed by one person can be verified
by another person observing the same patient. Examples of objective data are an elevated temperature
reading (e.g., 101°F), skin that is moist, and refusal to look at or eat food.
Patient - ANS ✔✔Who is the primary and usually the best source of information to collect data?
NANDA-I - ANS ✔✔Provides common language for nurses. An association that identifies, develops, and
classifies nursing diagnoses
Nursing Diagnosis - ANS ✔✔Describes patient problems nurses can treat independently
Medical Diagnosis - ANS ✔✔Describes problems for which the physician directs the primary trreatment
Kardex Care plan - ANS ✔✔trade name for a care plan documentation system that encompasses (1)
prescriptions for nursing care related to activities of daily living; (2) nursing diagnoses and related patient
goals and nursing orders; and (3) the nursing care related to diagnostic measures and the medical
regimen
Maslow's Hierarchy of needs - ANS ✔✔physiological needs-->safety needs-->love-->esteem-->self-
actualization.
Implementing - ANS ✔✔Determine the patient's new or continuing need for assistance.
Promote self-care.
Assist the patient to achieve valued health outcomes.
Four Types of Outcomes: Evaluating - ANS ✔✔Cognitive—increase in patient knowledge
Asking patient to repeat information or apply new knowledge
Psychomotor—patient's achievement of new skills
Asking the patient to demonstrate new skill
Affective—changes in patient values, beliefs, and attitudes
Observing patient behavior and conversation
Physiologic—physical changes in the patient
