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www.PlusBay.Plus
,_ _Test Bank -
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Chapter 01: History and Evolution of Advanced Practice Nursing
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Tracy & O’Grady: Hamric & Hanson’s AdvancedPractice Nursing, 7th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE z$
1. Which of the following is the best explanation for the creation of the Doctorate of Nursing Pr
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actice (DNP) degree? z$ z$
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b. To address increasing curriculum requirements of master’s degree programs
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c. To compete against master’s degree programs
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d. To ensure standardized curriculum ensuring independent practice
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ANS: B
Although all answers are influenced by the DNP core competencies, the DNP program creati on
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in 2004 by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) was designed to a ddre
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ss curriculum requirements of master’s degree programs.
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2. Which of the following was the first recognized area of advanced practice nursing?
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a. Clinical NurseSpecialist z$ z$
b. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist z$ zz$ z$
c. Family Nurse practitioner z$ z$
d. Pediatric Nurse practitioner z$ z$
ANS: B
In 1931, the National Association of Nurse Anesthetists (NANA), renamed in 1939 to the A m er
S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
ican Association of NurseWA
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heBtiS
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promoting advanced nursing practice. Agatha Hodgins founded the AANM at Lakeside
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Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio. z$ z$ z$
3. Which factor is broadly perceived to solidify and standardize the role of the APNs over the l a st 2
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5 years? z$
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b. Lack of access to health care providers z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
c. Payment for services z$ z$
d. Standardizedcurriculum development z$
ANS: D
As the evolution of Advanced Practice Nursing advances specific specialties and needs are i d
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entified. Through the evolution of organization and standardization these roles have solidif ie
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d the APN’s role in today’s health care environment.
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4. During the formation of early APN roles in anesthesia, which ofthe following increased de
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mand for access to health care? z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
a. War
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d. Availabilityoftraining #S z
ANS: A
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www.PlusBay.Plus
,_ _Test Bank -
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oform. During World War I in 1917 more than 1000 nurses, some trained anesthetists, trav ele
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e is known for some of the earliest recruitment and specialized training of nurses in which of
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the following roles? z$ z$
a. Obstetrics
b. Anesthesia
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d. Pediatrics
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ANS: B
In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo began formally training and recognizing nurse anestheti sts
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. This has been regarded as the earliest training in nurse-provided anesthesia.
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6. In 1893, Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement (HSS) House for which p
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rimary purpose? z$
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b. Providethe disadvantaged access to care z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
c. Establish guidelines for advanced nursing roles z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
d. Createinner-city nursing awareness z$ z$ z$
ANS: B WWW.TBSM.WS
The HHS was established to provide nursing services to immigrants and low-
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income patients and their families in Manhattan. As resistance to nurse- z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
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7. TheFrontier Nursing Service (FNS) founded in Kentucky in 1925 by Mary Breckenridge i ni
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tially provided Appalachia with which type of advanced nursing care?
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c. Anesthesia
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ANS: D
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ents. Later working from standard orders developed from their medical advisory committ ee nu
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rses treated patients, made diagnoses, and dispensed medications.
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8. Which organization founded in1941underMary Breckenridge’s leadership merged with t he
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American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) in 1969
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c. American Nurses Association (ANA) z$ z$ z
d. Council of Nursing Midwifery (ANM) S# z$ z$ z$
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, _ _Test Bank -
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ANS: B
The American College of Nurse-
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Midwives (ACNM) formed under the leadership of Mary Breckenridge in 1941 to provide nurse-
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Nurse-
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9. In a landmark ruling by theSupreme Court as a result ofChalmers-
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Frances v. Nelson, 1936, what legal precedent was established?
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a. Nurseanesthesia was allowed under the nurse practice act z$ zz$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
b. Nurse anesthesia was legal, if under guidance of a supervising physician
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c. Nurse anesthesia scope of practice included anesthesia z$ zz$ z$ z$ z$ zz$
d. Only trained nursing professionals could administeranesthesia independently
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ANS: B
The landmark decision from the Chalmers-
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Frances v. Nelson case set national precedent for the advanced nursing practice role. It prove d
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to be the basis for other cases over the following few decades and established that trained n urs
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es could legally provide anesthesia care under supervision of a physician.
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10. The first known establishment of the nurse practitioner role occurred in 1965 at the U
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$
niversity of Colorado. In which area of training did this role specialize?
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
a. Geriatrics
b. Pediatrics
c. Midwifery
d. Anesthesia
ANS: B WWW.TBSM.WS
z $ z $
The establishment of the first pediatric nurse practitioner program was in 1965 at the Univer
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sity ofColorado. Loretta Ford, RN and Henry Silver,MD provided a4-
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month course to certified registered nurses to provide education on managing childhood heal th
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problems.
11. What has theAANA as of2025 as the standard for entry into nurseanesthesia practice?
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a. Master’s degree z$
b. Bachelors of nursing and master’s degree z$ z$ S# S# z$
c. Doctoratedegree
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ANS: C
In 2007 theAANA affirmed support that thedoctorof nurse anesthesia practice be the entry o f nur
S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
se anesthesia by 2025. Students entering anesthesia programs during or after 2022 must grad
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uate with a doctoral degree.
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12. Which state became the first to recognizediagnosis and treatment as part of the scope of p
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ractice of specialty nurses? z$ z$ z$
a. Oklahoma
b. South Dakota z$
c. Maryland
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ANS:
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D
www.PlusBay.Plus
www.PlusBay.Plus
,_ _Test Bank -
z$ z$ z$
Chapter 01: History and Evolution of Advanced Practice Nursing
z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ S# S#
Tracy & O’Grady: Hamric & Hanson’s AdvancedPractice Nursing, 7th Edition
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
MULTIPLE CHOICE z$
1. Which of the following is the best explanation for the creation of the Doctorate of Nursing Pr
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
actice (DNP) degree? z$ z$
a. To validate APRN’s for financial reimbursement
S# z$ z$ z$ z$
b. To address increasing curriculum requirements of master’s degree programs
z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
c. To compete against master’s degree programs
S# z$ zz$ z$ S#
d. To ensure standardized curriculum ensuring independent practice
S# S# z $ z$ S# z$
ANS: B
Although all answers are influenced by the DNP core competencies, the DNP program creati on
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z
in 2004 by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) was designed to a ddre
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ss curriculum requirements of master’s degree programs.
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
2. Which of the following was the first recognized area of advanced practice nursing?
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$
a. Clinical NurseSpecialist z$ z$
b. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist z$ zz$ z$
c. Family Nurse practitioner z$ z$
d. Pediatric Nurse practitioner z$ z$
ANS: B
In 1931, the National Association of Nurse Anesthetists (NANA), renamed in 1939 to the A m er
S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
ican Association of NurseWA
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WnWe.stT
heBtiS
stM
s.(AWA
SNA) was the first recognized group z$ z$ zx z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
promoting advanced nursing practice. Agatha Hodgins founded the AANM at Lakeside
S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ S#
Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio. z$ z$ z$
3. Which factor is broadly perceived to solidify and standardize the role of the APNs over the l a st 2
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
5 years? z$
a. Societal forces z$
b. Lack of access to health care providers z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
c. Payment for services z$ z$
d. Standardizedcurriculum development z$
ANS: D
As the evolution of Advanced Practice Nursing advances specific specialties and needs are i d
z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
entified. Through the evolution of organization and standardization these roles have solidif ie
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
d the APN’s role in today’s health care environment.
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
4. During the formation of early APN roles in anesthesia, which ofthe following increased de
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
mand for access to health care? z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
a. War
b. Poverty
c. Rural access to care z$ z$ S#
d. Availabilityoftraining #S z
ANS: A
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1| P a g ez$ z $ z$ z$
www.PlusBay.Plus
,_ _Test Bank -
z$ z$ z$
Earliest demand for nursing- z$ z$ z$
provided anesthesia spiked during periods of war when numbers of physicians were inadequ a
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
te. The earliest records date back to the American Civil War with the administration of chl or
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
oform. During World War I in 1917 more than 1000 nurses, some trained anesthetists, trav ele
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d into battle. Other factors such as need for rural health care came later in the validation a nd
S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ zz $ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
need for APNs. z$ z$
5. In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo built and opened St. Mary’s hospital in Rochester, NY. H
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
e is known for some of the earliest recruitment and specialized training of nurses in which of
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ zz$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ S# z$ z$
the following roles? z$ z$
a. Obstetrics
b. Anesthesia
c. Family nursing z$
d. Pediatrics
e. Research andstatistics S# z$
ANS: B
In 1889, Dr. William Worrall Mayo began formally training and recognizing nurse anestheti sts
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
. This has been regarded as the earliest training in nurse-provided anesthesia.
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
6. In 1893, Lillian Wald established the Henry Street Settlement (HSS) House for which p
z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
rimary purpose? z$
a. Access to health care of rural areas z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
b. Providethe disadvantaged access to care z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
c. Establish guidelines for advanced nursing roles z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
d. Createinner-city nursing awareness z$ z$ z$
ANS: B WWW.TBSM.WS
The HHS was established to provide nursing services to immigrants and low-
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
income patients and their families in Manhattan. As resistance to nurse- z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
provided care grew, standing orders were drafted from a group of Lower East Side physician s
z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ zz $ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
thereby circumventing z$
then-existing legal ramifications. z$ z$
7. TheFrontier Nursing Service (FNS) founded in Kentucky in 1925 by Mary Breckenridge i ni
z$ z$ z$ S# z$ zz$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
tially provided Appalachia with which type of advanced nursing care?
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
a. Surgical services z$
b. Pediatric care z$
c. Anesthesia
d. Midwifery
ANS: D
The original FNS provided midwifery in addition to other nursing services to Appalachian re sid
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$
ents. Later working from standard orders developed from their medical advisory committ ee nu
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
rses treated patients, made diagnoses, and dispensed medications.
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
8. Which organization founded in1941underMary Breckenridge’s leadership merged with t he
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z
American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) in 1969
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a. Association for National Nurse-Midwifery (ANNM) z$ z$ z$ z$
b. American Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM) z$ S# z$ z$
c. American Nurses Association (ANA) z$ z$ z
d. Council of Nursing Midwifery (ANM) S# z$ z$ z$
2| P a g ez$ z $ z$ z$
www.PlusBay.Plus
, _ _Test Bank -
z$ z$ z$
ANS: B
The American College of Nurse-
z$ z$ z$ z$
Midwives (ACNM) formed under the leadership of Mary Breckenridge in 1941 to provide nurse-
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
midwife development and collaboration for midwife development. In 1955, the American College o f
z$ z$ S# S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
Nurse-
z$
Midwives was formed and the two organizations merged in 1969 after the death of Mary Breckenri d g
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
e.
9. In a landmark ruling by theSupreme Court as a result ofChalmers-
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
Frances v. Nelson, 1936, what legal precedent was established?
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
a. Nurseanesthesia was allowed under the nurse practice act z$ zz$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
b. Nurse anesthesia was legal, if under guidance of a supervising physician
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ zz$ z$
c. Nurse anesthesia scope of practice included anesthesia z$ zz$ z$ z$ z$ zz$
d. Only trained nursing professionals could administeranesthesia independently
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
ANS: B
The landmark decision from the Chalmers-
z$ z$ S# z$ z$
Frances v. Nelson case set national precedent for the advanced nursing practice role. It prove d
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
to be the basis for other cases over the following few decades and established that trained n urs
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
es could legally provide anesthesia care under supervision of a physician.
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
10. The first known establishment of the nurse practitioner role occurred in 1965 at the U
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$
niversity of Colorado. In which area of training did this role specialize?
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
a. Geriatrics
b. Pediatrics
c. Midwifery
d. Anesthesia
ANS: B WWW.TBSM.WS
z $ z $
The establishment of the first pediatric nurse practitioner program was in 1965 at the Univer
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
sity ofColorado. Loretta Ford, RN and Henry Silver,MD provided a4-
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
month course to certified registered nurses to provide education on managing childhood heal th
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
problems.
11. What has theAANA as of2025 as the standard for entry into nurseanesthesia practice?
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
a. Master’s degree z$
b. Bachelors of nursing and master’s degree z$ z$ S# S# z$
c. Doctoratedegree
d. No specification z$
ANS: C
In 2007 theAANA affirmed support that thedoctorof nurse anesthesia practice be the entry o f nur
S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
se anesthesia by 2025. Students entering anesthesia programs during or after 2022 must grad
z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
uate with a doctoral degree.
z$ z$ z$ z$
12. Which state became the first to recognizediagnosis and treatment as part of the scope of p
S# z$ z$ z$ zz $ S# z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$ z$
ractice of specialty nurses? z$ z$ z$
a. Oklahoma
b. South Dakota z$
c. Maryland
d. Idaho
ANS:
z$
D
www.PlusBay.Plus
