,NSG 318 Final Exam Introduction to Pharmacology Questions And
Answers 2026/2027 Grand canyon university
Q1. Which statement best describes pharmacokinetics?
A. What the drug does to the body
B. What the body does to the drug
C. How drugs are named
D. How medications are prescribed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and excretion of medications by the body.
Q2. Which statement best describes pharmacodynamics?
A. What the drug does to the body
B. How the kidneys remove the drug
C. How the drug is absorbed
D. How a prescription is written
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics describes drug actions, mechanisms, and
physiologic effects on the body.
Q3. Which process describes movement of a drug from the
administration site into systemic circulation?
A. Distribution
B. Absorption
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Absorption is movement of a drug from its administration site
into the bloodstream.
**Q4. Which organ is a major site of drug metabolism?
A. Liver
B. Bladder
C. Spleen
D. Skin
, Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatic enzymes metabolize many medications.
**Q5. Which laboratory value is commonly used when evaluating renal
function?
A. Creatinine
B. ALT
C. AST
D. Alkaline phosphatase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serum creatinine is commonly used to assess kidney function
and can influence dosing of renally eliminated medications.
**Q6. Which laboratory values are most directly associated with hepatic
injury?
A. AST and ALT
B. BUN and creatinine
C. Sodium and potassium
D. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: AST and ALT can rise when hepatocellular injury occurs.
**Q7. What does a drug's half-life represent?
A. Time required for the drug concentration to decrease by 50%
B. Time required for the drug to begin working
C. Time required to eliminate all of the drug
D. Time required to reach peak effect in every case
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Half-life is the time required for the amount or concentration of a
drug in the body to fall by one-half.
**Q8. Which medication is considered to have a narrow therapeutic index?
A. Digoxin
B. Calcium carbonate
C. Saline
D. Acetaminophen at standard doses
Answers 2026/2027 Grand canyon university
Q1. Which statement best describes pharmacokinetics?
A. What the drug does to the body
B. What the body does to the drug
C. How drugs are named
D. How medications are prescribed
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics describes absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and excretion of medications by the body.
Q2. Which statement best describes pharmacodynamics?
A. What the drug does to the body
B. How the kidneys remove the drug
C. How the drug is absorbed
D. How a prescription is written
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics describes drug actions, mechanisms, and
physiologic effects on the body.
Q3. Which process describes movement of a drug from the
administration site into systemic circulation?
A. Distribution
B. Absorption
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Absorption is movement of a drug from its administration site
into the bloodstream.
**Q4. Which organ is a major site of drug metabolism?
A. Liver
B. Bladder
C. Spleen
D. Skin
, Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hepatic enzymes metabolize many medications.
**Q5. Which laboratory value is commonly used when evaluating renal
function?
A. Creatinine
B. ALT
C. AST
D. Alkaline phosphatase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serum creatinine is commonly used to assess kidney function
and can influence dosing of renally eliminated medications.
**Q6. Which laboratory values are most directly associated with hepatic
injury?
A. AST and ALT
B. BUN and creatinine
C. Sodium and potassium
D. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: AST and ALT can rise when hepatocellular injury occurs.
**Q7. What does a drug's half-life represent?
A. Time required for the drug concentration to decrease by 50%
B. Time required for the drug to begin working
C. Time required to eliminate all of the drug
D. Time required to reach peak effect in every case
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Half-life is the time required for the amount or concentration of a
drug in the body to fall by one-half.
**Q8. Which medication is considered to have a narrow therapeutic index?
A. Digoxin
B. Calcium carbonate
C. Saline
D. Acetaminophen at standard doses
