PSY 150 Chapter 11 Personality comprehensive Questions and Answers with
100% Correct Answers | Latest Version
Personality - (ANSWER)refers to the long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to
consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways
personality traits and human behaviors are based on four separate temperaments associated with four
fluids ("humors") of the body theorized by Hippocrates - (ANSWER)choleric temperament (yellow bile
from the liver)
melancholic temperament (black bile from the kidneys)
sanguine temperament (red blood from the heart)
phlegmatic temperament (white phlegm from the lungs)
Galen's theory of the four temperaments - (ANSWER)melancholic
choleric
phlegmatic
sanguine
Immanuel Kant - (ANSWER)contributed research to Galen's four primary temperament types
along with William Wundt he developed a list of traits that could be used to describe the personality of a
person from each of the four temperaments
William Wundt's two major axes of personality - (ANSWER)emotional/nonemotional
,PSY 150 Chapter 11 Personality comprehensive Questions and Answers with
100% Correct Answers | Latest Version
changeable/unchangeable
The first axis separated strong from weak emotions (the melancholic and choleric temperaments from
the phlegmatic and sanguine).
The second axis divided the changeable temperaments (choleric and sanguine) from the unchangeable
ones (melancholic and phlegmatic)
Galen's theory of the four temperaments - (ANSWER)Melancholic: anxious, worried, unhappy,
suspicious, serious, thoughtful
Phlegmatic: reasonable, principled, controlled, persistent, steadfast, calm
Choleric: excitable, egocentric, exhibitionist, impulsive, histrionic, active
Sanguine: playful, easygoing, sociable, carefree, hopeful, contented
Strong emotions: melancholic, choleric
Unchangeable temperaments: melancholic, phlegmatic
, PSY 150 Chapter 11 Personality comprehensive Questions and Answers with
100% Correct Answers | Latest Version
Weak emotions: phlegmatic, sanguine
changeable temperaments: choleric, sanguine
Unconscious - (ANSWER)refers to that mental activity of which we are unaware and are unable to access
Conscious - (ANSWER)aware of and responding to one's surroundings; awake
levels of consciousness according to Freud - (ANSWER)he believed only 1/10 of our minds were
conscious and the rest is unconscious
believed that unacceptable urges and desires are kept in our unconscious through a process called
repression
Personality according to Freud - (ANSWER)he believes it develops from a conflict between two forces:
our biological aggressive and pleasure-seeking drives versus our internal (socialized) control over these
drives
involves three interacting systems in our minds: the id, the ego, and the superego
What is the job of the ego? - (ANSWER)is to balance the aggressive/pleasure-seeking drives of the id
with the moral control of the superego
The id - (ANSWER)contains our most primitive drives or urges, and is present from birth
100% Correct Answers | Latest Version
Personality - (ANSWER)refers to the long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to
consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways
personality traits and human behaviors are based on four separate temperaments associated with four
fluids ("humors") of the body theorized by Hippocrates - (ANSWER)choleric temperament (yellow bile
from the liver)
melancholic temperament (black bile from the kidneys)
sanguine temperament (red blood from the heart)
phlegmatic temperament (white phlegm from the lungs)
Galen's theory of the four temperaments - (ANSWER)melancholic
choleric
phlegmatic
sanguine
Immanuel Kant - (ANSWER)contributed research to Galen's four primary temperament types
along with William Wundt he developed a list of traits that could be used to describe the personality of a
person from each of the four temperaments
William Wundt's two major axes of personality - (ANSWER)emotional/nonemotional
,PSY 150 Chapter 11 Personality comprehensive Questions and Answers with
100% Correct Answers | Latest Version
changeable/unchangeable
The first axis separated strong from weak emotions (the melancholic and choleric temperaments from
the phlegmatic and sanguine).
The second axis divided the changeable temperaments (choleric and sanguine) from the unchangeable
ones (melancholic and phlegmatic)
Galen's theory of the four temperaments - (ANSWER)Melancholic: anxious, worried, unhappy,
suspicious, serious, thoughtful
Phlegmatic: reasonable, principled, controlled, persistent, steadfast, calm
Choleric: excitable, egocentric, exhibitionist, impulsive, histrionic, active
Sanguine: playful, easygoing, sociable, carefree, hopeful, contented
Strong emotions: melancholic, choleric
Unchangeable temperaments: melancholic, phlegmatic
, PSY 150 Chapter 11 Personality comprehensive Questions and Answers with
100% Correct Answers | Latest Version
Weak emotions: phlegmatic, sanguine
changeable temperaments: choleric, sanguine
Unconscious - (ANSWER)refers to that mental activity of which we are unaware and are unable to access
Conscious - (ANSWER)aware of and responding to one's surroundings; awake
levels of consciousness according to Freud - (ANSWER)he believed only 1/10 of our minds were
conscious and the rest is unconscious
believed that unacceptable urges and desires are kept in our unconscious through a process called
repression
Personality according to Freud - (ANSWER)he believes it develops from a conflict between two forces:
our biological aggressive and pleasure-seeking drives versus our internal (socialized) control over these
drives
involves three interacting systems in our minds: the id, the ego, and the superego
What is the job of the ego? - (ANSWER)is to balance the aggressive/pleasure-seeking drives of the id
with the moral control of the superego
The id - (ANSWER)contains our most primitive drives or urges, and is present from birth
