NR 283 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A

NR 283 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL
EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+

●● Pathogenesis. Answer: Story of how disease develops


●● Atrophy. Answer: Decrease in the size of the cells, results in reduced
tissue mass


●● Hypertrophy. Answer: Increase in cell size, results in enlarged tissue
mass


●● Hyperplasia. Answer: Increased number of cells, results in enlarged
tissue mass


●● Metaplasia. Answer: Mature cell type is replaced by a different
mature cell type, Ex: chronic smokers, cells lose cilia


●● Dysplasia. Answer: Cells are different looking varying in size and
shape


●● Neoplasia. Answer: New growth, commonly a tumor. May be
malignant or benign

, ●● Apoptosis. Answer: Programmed cell death, normal occurrence in
the body


●● Ischemia. Answer: Deficit of oxygen in the cells


●● Hypoxia. Answer: Reduced oxygen in the tissues


●● Iatrogenic. Answer: illness or disease process because a medical
process was done ex: CAUTI


●● Autosomal Recessive Disorders. Answer: Has to have two recessive
genes to have disease, only one recessive gene to be carrier ex: Cystic
fibrosis, PKU (phenylketonuria), Tay-Sachs


●● Cystic fibrosis. Answer: autosomal recessive disorder that causes
thick mucous secretions


●● PKU (phenylketonuria). Answer: autosomal recessive disorder that
causes an inability to metabolize phenylalanine. Can cause mental
retardation. Pt must follow strict very low protein diet