Grand Canyon University BIO 201
Hesi Anatomy and Physiology Questions Verified and
Provided with A+ Graded Answers Latest Updated 2026
homeostasis body's maintenance of a stable environment
receptors molecule or cell that provides information about the
environment
control center (and set point) indicates correct value (e.g. body temp)
effectors What elicits a response that alters conditions within the body's
internal environment. (e.g. muscles and glands)
negative feedback When receptors measure deviations from the set point, effectors
are activated and conditions are returned toward the set point
and
effectors gradually shut off. This movement toward homeostasis
and balance is called .........
positive feedback Homeostatic mechanisms that function when changes
byeffectors move the body away from normal conditions,
causing more changes, is
called.. . .(examples are blood clotting and labor contractions)
organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ Levels of organization
systems, organism
organelle Cell components that perform a specific function
cells Basic unit of structure and function
tissues Groups of cells organized into layers or masses that have
specific functions
organs Structures that perform a specialized function (comprised of
tissues)
Organ systems Groups of organs that function together closely
Organism Comprised of an interacting organ system
superior above, or closer to the head
inferior below, or closer to the feet
Anterior (Ventral) Toward the front
Posterior (Dorsal) Toward the back
medial Toward the midline
lateral Away from the midline (closer to the sides)
Median (saggital) plane Imaginary vertical line dividing the body into right and left
portions
, Coronal/Frontal plane Imaginary vertical line dividing the body into anterior and
posterior portions
Transverse (cross-sectional) Imaginary horizontal line dividing the body into superior and
inferior
Dorsal cavities (near the back) Cranial and spinal cavity
Cranial cavity Cavity that contains the brain
Spinal cavity (vertebral) Cavity that contains the spinal cord and vertebrae
orbits, nasal, oral, thoracic, Ventral cavities (near the front of the body)
mediastinum, pericardial, pleural,
and abdominopelvic (peritoneal)
orbits Cavity that contains the eyes and associated skeletal
muscles and nerves
Nasal cavity Cavity that is divided into right and left portions by the
nasal septum; air-filled sphenoid and frontal sinuses
Oral cavity Cavity that contains the teeth and tongue
thoracic cavity Cavity that contains the lungs (chest cavity)
Mediastinum Space between the lungs that contains the heart, esophagus,
trachea, and thymus
Pericardial cavity Potential space between the visceral pericardium and the
parietal pericardium
middle ear cavities Cavity containing the incus, malleus, stapes
Pleural cavities (lungs) Cavities (right and left) that are the potential space between
the parietal and visceral pleural membranes
Abdominopelvic cavity Cavity that extends from the diaphragm to the floor of the
pelvis;
includes stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, small and large
intestines, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs
Peritoneal cavity Cavity that is the potential space between the parietal and
visceral peritoneal membranes
Pleural membranes (parietal is the outside Body cavity membrane: which is a serous membrane that lines
layer that lines the cavity, visceral is the the lungs
inside layer, covering the lung)
Pericardial (parietal is the outside layer Body cavity membrane: which serous membrane lines the heart?
which lines the mediastinum, visceral is the
inside layer,
covering the heart)
Peritoneal membranes (parietal is the outside Body cavity membrane: Which serous membrane lines the
layer which lines the cavity, visceral is the abdominopelvic cavity?
inside layer,
lining the organs)
Hesi Anatomy and Physiology Questions Verified and
Provided with A+ Graded Answers Latest Updated 2026
homeostasis body's maintenance of a stable environment
receptors molecule or cell that provides information about the
environment
control center (and set point) indicates correct value (e.g. body temp)
effectors What elicits a response that alters conditions within the body's
internal environment. (e.g. muscles and glands)
negative feedback When receptors measure deviations from the set point, effectors
are activated and conditions are returned toward the set point
and
effectors gradually shut off. This movement toward homeostasis
and balance is called .........
positive feedback Homeostatic mechanisms that function when changes
byeffectors move the body away from normal conditions,
causing more changes, is
called.. . .(examples are blood clotting and labor contractions)
organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ Levels of organization
systems, organism
organelle Cell components that perform a specific function
cells Basic unit of structure and function
tissues Groups of cells organized into layers or masses that have
specific functions
organs Structures that perform a specialized function (comprised of
tissues)
Organ systems Groups of organs that function together closely
Organism Comprised of an interacting organ system
superior above, or closer to the head
inferior below, or closer to the feet
Anterior (Ventral) Toward the front
Posterior (Dorsal) Toward the back
medial Toward the midline
lateral Away from the midline (closer to the sides)
Median (saggital) plane Imaginary vertical line dividing the body into right and left
portions
, Coronal/Frontal plane Imaginary vertical line dividing the body into anterior and
posterior portions
Transverse (cross-sectional) Imaginary horizontal line dividing the body into superior and
inferior
Dorsal cavities (near the back) Cranial and spinal cavity
Cranial cavity Cavity that contains the brain
Spinal cavity (vertebral) Cavity that contains the spinal cord and vertebrae
orbits, nasal, oral, thoracic, Ventral cavities (near the front of the body)
mediastinum, pericardial, pleural,
and abdominopelvic (peritoneal)
orbits Cavity that contains the eyes and associated skeletal
muscles and nerves
Nasal cavity Cavity that is divided into right and left portions by the
nasal septum; air-filled sphenoid and frontal sinuses
Oral cavity Cavity that contains the teeth and tongue
thoracic cavity Cavity that contains the lungs (chest cavity)
Mediastinum Space between the lungs that contains the heart, esophagus,
trachea, and thymus
Pericardial cavity Potential space between the visceral pericardium and the
parietal pericardium
middle ear cavities Cavity containing the incus, malleus, stapes
Pleural cavities (lungs) Cavities (right and left) that are the potential space between
the parietal and visceral pleural membranes
Abdominopelvic cavity Cavity that extends from the diaphragm to the floor of the
pelvis;
includes stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, small and large
intestines, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs
Peritoneal cavity Cavity that is the potential space between the parietal and
visceral peritoneal membranes
Pleural membranes (parietal is the outside Body cavity membrane: which is a serous membrane that lines
layer that lines the cavity, visceral is the the lungs
inside layer, covering the lung)
Pericardial (parietal is the outside layer Body cavity membrane: which serous membrane lines the heart?
which lines the mediastinum, visceral is the
inside layer,
covering the heart)
Peritoneal membranes (parietal is the outside Body cavity membrane: Which serous membrane lines the
layer which lines the cavity, visceral is the abdominopelvic cavity?
inside layer,
lining the organs)
