Pathophysiology NU 545-- Unit 5-- Pulmonary/ Kidney I
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Terms in this set (150)
Alveolar Type 1 cells Cells which provides structure for alveoli.
Alveolar Type 2 cells Cells of the alveoli which secrete surfactant.
Surfactant A lipoprotein that coats the inner surface of the alveolus and
facilitates its expansion during inspiration. Lowers alveolar
surface tension at end expiration and prevents lung collapse.
Contributes to control of lung inflammation and innate and
adaptive immunity.
Surface Tension The tendency for liquid molecules that are exposed to air to
adhere to one another. This phenomenon decreases the
surface area exposed to the air.
Law of Laplace The pressure required to inflate a sphere is equal to two times
the surface tension divided by the radius of the sphere, or
P=2T/r.
, Alveolar ventilation Distention, is made possible by surfactant, which lowers the
surface tension by coating the air-liquid interface in the
alveoli.
Infant Surfactant Is produced by 20-24 weeks of gestation and is secreted into
the fetal airways by 30 weeks.
Chronic Bronchitis Hypersecretion of mucous and chronic productive cough that
continues for at least 3 months of the year (usually the winter
months) for at least 2 consecutive years.
Patho of Chronic Bronchitis Inspired irritants result in airway inflammation with infiltration
of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes into the
bronchial wall.
Manifestations of Chronic Bronchitis Decreased exercise intolerance, wheezing, and SOB,
productive cough, evidence of airway obstruction (decrease
in FEV1) on spirometry, copious amounts of sputum, frequent
pulmonary infections, FVC and FEV1 values are markedly
reduced,FRC and Residual volume (RV) measurements are
increased, decreased alveolar ventilation, increased
PaCO2,polycythemia, cyanosis, pulmonary HTN, cor
pulmonale which can lead to severe disability or death.
Ventilation The mechanical movement of gas or air into and out the lungs.
Respiration The exchange of O2 and CO2 during cellular metabolism.
PAO2 The amount of oxygen in the alveoli.
Gas Transport The delivery of oxygen to the cells of the body and the
removal of CO2.
Pors of Kohn Tiny pores which permit some air to pass through the septa
from alveolus to alveolus, promoting collateral ventilation and
even distribution of air among the alveoli.
Asthma A chronic inflammatory disorder of the bronchial mucosa that
causes bronchial hyperresponsiveness, constriction of the
airways, and variable airflow obstruction that is reversible.
Acinus Consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and
alveoli.
Early Asthmatic Response Antigen exposure to bronchial mucosa activates dendritic
cells to present the antigen to CD4+ Tcells, which differentiate
into Th2 cells. These cells release numerous cytokines IL-4, IL-
5, IL-8 & IL-13.
IL-4 In Asthmatic response it stimulates B-cell activation,
proliferation, and production of antigen-specific IgE.
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Play your way to mastery with fun games
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Students also studied
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Complex respiratory, ABGs, ..Week 2... Lindsey Jones J test Lindsey Jones Form
Teacher 65 terms Teacher 135 terms Teacher 140 terms
roscli021 Preview lizzwambuui Preview lizzwambuui
Terms in this set (150)
Alveolar Type 1 cells Cells which provides structure for alveoli.
Alveolar Type 2 cells Cells of the alveoli which secrete surfactant.
Surfactant A lipoprotein that coats the inner surface of the alveolus and
facilitates its expansion during inspiration. Lowers alveolar
surface tension at end expiration and prevents lung collapse.
Contributes to control of lung inflammation and innate and
adaptive immunity.
Surface Tension The tendency for liquid molecules that are exposed to air to
adhere to one another. This phenomenon decreases the
surface area exposed to the air.
Law of Laplace The pressure required to inflate a sphere is equal to two times
the surface tension divided by the radius of the sphere, or
P=2T/r.
, Alveolar ventilation Distention, is made possible by surfactant, which lowers the
surface tension by coating the air-liquid interface in the
alveoli.
Infant Surfactant Is produced by 20-24 weeks of gestation and is secreted into
the fetal airways by 30 weeks.
Chronic Bronchitis Hypersecretion of mucous and chronic productive cough that
continues for at least 3 months of the year (usually the winter
months) for at least 2 consecutive years.
Patho of Chronic Bronchitis Inspired irritants result in airway inflammation with infiltration
of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes into the
bronchial wall.
Manifestations of Chronic Bronchitis Decreased exercise intolerance, wheezing, and SOB,
productive cough, evidence of airway obstruction (decrease
in FEV1) on spirometry, copious amounts of sputum, frequent
pulmonary infections, FVC and FEV1 values are markedly
reduced,FRC and Residual volume (RV) measurements are
increased, decreased alveolar ventilation, increased
PaCO2,polycythemia, cyanosis, pulmonary HTN, cor
pulmonale which can lead to severe disability or death.
Ventilation The mechanical movement of gas or air into and out the lungs.
Respiration The exchange of O2 and CO2 during cellular metabolism.
PAO2 The amount of oxygen in the alveoli.
Gas Transport The delivery of oxygen to the cells of the body and the
removal of CO2.
Pors of Kohn Tiny pores which permit some air to pass through the septa
from alveolus to alveolus, promoting collateral ventilation and
even distribution of air among the alveoli.
Asthma A chronic inflammatory disorder of the bronchial mucosa that
causes bronchial hyperresponsiveness, constriction of the
airways, and variable airflow obstruction that is reversible.
Acinus Consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and
alveoli.
Early Asthmatic Response Antigen exposure to bronchial mucosa activates dendritic
cells to present the antigen to CD4+ Tcells, which differentiate
into Th2 cells. These cells release numerous cytokines IL-4, IL-
5, IL-8 & IL-13.
IL-4 In Asthmatic response it stimulates B-cell activation,
proliferation, and production of antigen-specific IgE.
