UCD-SVM FOUNDATIONS EXAM 1 [VET 401] LEC 8-15 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

UCD-SVM FOUNDATIONS EXAM 1 [VET 401] LEC 8-15
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS

Question:
1. What is osmolarity?
Answer:
the number of particles per liter in Osmols/L · depends on the number of particles and the volume of the
solvent, temperature, and pressure · More frequently used in medicine because of convenience
Volume-Liters IONS / LITERS

Question:
2. What is osmolality?
Answer:
the osmotic pressure of a solution in relation to the solution mass (in Osmols/kg) · The weight of the
solution doesn't change with temperature or pressure

Question:
3. Describe osmosis.
Answer:
Water moves towards the side with the greater number of particles (based on osmolarity)

Question:
4. Passive transport in a cell.
Answer:
Lipid-soluble solutes - pass directly through phospholipid bilayer occurs when a solvent is different on
opposite sides of the membrane

Question:
5. Carrier-mediated facilitated transport in a cell.
Answer:
transport protein carrier conformational change large lipid-insoluble solutes

Question:
6. Channel mediated facilitated diffusion in a cell.
Answer:
through a channel protein mostly ions small lipid-insoluble solutes

Question:
7. How does water move through a cell?
Answer:
via osmosis through an aquaporin protein channel

Question:
8. What is the ECF (extracellular fraction) in a capillary wall, and what ions are high?

, Answer:
driven by the plasma plasma + interstitial fluid Na+ and Cl- are high, K+ low

Question:
9. What is the ICF (intracellular fraction) in a capillary wall, and what ions are high?
Answer:
fluid is driven by Na/K active transport what is inside the cell K+ is high, Na & Cl- are low

Question:
10. What is oncotic pressure?
Answer:
the pressure exerted by plasma proteins on the capillary wall mainly regulated by albumin which reabsorbs
water

Question:
11. What is hydrostatic pressure?
Answer:
pushes water out of the capillaries

Question:
12. Which pressure is higher in the arterial capillary?
Answer:
in arterial plasma the hydrostatic pressure exceeds the oncotic pressure

Question:
13. Which pressure is higher in the venous capillary?
Answer:
oncotic pressure exceeds the hydrostatic pressure

Question:
14. If ECF increases?
Answer:
the cell dehydrates

Question:
15. If ECF decreases?
Answer:
the cell swells

Question:
16. Where does water intake in the body come from?
Answer:
· Drinking · Food · As a byproduct of metabolism

Question:
17. Where does water loss in the body come from?