AHT 1130 - ANESTHESIA FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

AHT 1130 - ANESTHESIA FINAL UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. Balanced Anesthesia
Answer:
1. Administration of multiple drugs concurrently
2. Smaller quantities
3. To produce sedation, tranquilization, muscle relaxation, analgesia
4. Maximizes benefits
5. Minimizes adverse effects

Question:
2. What factors are considered when creating a game plan?
Answer:
1. Clinic Factors
2. Personnel factors/personal preferences
3. Equipment factors
4. Patient factors
5. Procedure being done
6. Takes into account all anesthetic phases

Question:
3. What are the 5 (6) components of a Signalment?
Answer:
1. Patient name
2. Species
3. Breed
4. Age
5. Sex
6. ****Weight (OC will need to add)****

Question:
4. What should we know regarding a patients history prior to anesthesia?
Answer:
-Any medical conditions?
-Any concerns?
-Eating and drinking normally?
-Any V/D/C/S?
-Look at our records and for any pertinent medical records
-Do we need further information from another clinic
-Do we need further information by way of tests before the day of the procedure

Question:
5. Fasting

,Answer:
-8-12hr for food and 2-4hr for water

Question:
6. Fasting recommendations may change when...
Answer:
-Young animals
-Diabetics

Question:
7. When evaluating a patient for anesthesia what questions are we looking to answer?
Answer:
1. What ASA status is our patient?
2. Is the patient stable for the intended procedure
3. Pain
4. FAS

Question:
8. ASA Status
Answer:
ASA 1: Normal Healthy ASA 2: Mild systemic disease-Obese ASA 3: Patient with severe systemic
disease-Stable kidney/heart disease ASA 4: Patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to
life-Internal hemorrhage ASA 5: Moribund patient that is not expected to live without intervention-Severe
head trauma

Question:
9. Conditions that may need to be stabilized prior to surgery
Answer:
1. Dehydration, Hypotension, Anemia-fluid therapy
2. Diabetics- sugar levels
3. Thyroid, cardiovascular disease-start on/adjust meds
4. Lung infections-antibiotics
5. Other-further testing

Question:
10. Reasons to use fluid therapy
Answer:
1. Stabilization
2. Support BP during anesthesia
3. Catheter placement allows for: easy access for admin of anes agents and pain meds, admin emerg drugs,
safe admin of irritating agents

Question:
11. Types of fluids

,Answer:
1. Crystalloids
2. Colloids
3. Blood products

Question:
12. Colloids
Answer:
-larger molecules so do not diffuse freely
-maintain blood volume by pulling fluid from interstitium
-synthetic and natural

Question:
13. When are colloids used:
Answer:
-Hypoproteinemia (<3.5g/dL)
-When blood pressure can not be maintained with crystalloids or other medications alone
-hexastarch, dextran, pentastarch, gelatin

Question:
14. Blood Products used when:
Answer:
1. Anemia
2. Hypoproteinemia
3. Coagulation
4. Thrombocytopenia
-Plasma, Whole Blood, Packed RBC's

Question:
15. Crystalloids
Answer:
-Small molecules that diffuse easily
-Replacement, maintenence, isotonic, balanced, polyionic fluids
-majority are electrolytes

Question:
16. Replacement Fluids
Answer:
-Higher Na+ and Cl-
-Closer to ECF
-Similar to ECF Intended to correct fluid deficits

Question:
17. Maintenance Fluids

, Answer:
-Lower Na+ and Cl- and more K+
-Closer to total body composition
-Replace fluid loss through normal process
-Higher in K and lower in Na than replacement

Question:
18. Isotonic Fluids
Answer:
-Solute concentration similar to blood plasma

Question:
19. Polyionic Fluids
Answer:
-several ions

Question:
20. 5% Dextrose in water (D5W)
Answer:
-Correct free water deficits

Question:
21. Isotonic Polyionic Replacement Crystalloids
Answer:
-Lactated Ringers solution (LRS)
-Plasma-lyte A (148)
-Normosol-R

Question:
22. Saline
Answer:
-Unbalanced: only Na & Cl
-Replacement fluid
-Used only for specific conditions: Blood transfusions, Addison's disease, Flushing wounds and cavities,
Flushing catheters

Question:
23. Too little fluid can cause
Answer:
-Hypotension
-Shock
-Ischemia
-Organ dysfunction (Kidney)

Question:
24. Too much fluid can cause