PLSC 321 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Question:
1. what percent of people in US work on farms
Answer:
<1%
Question:
2. out of 2 million farms in US, what percent can make enough to support a family and that actually
provide food?
Answer:
25% or 500,000 farms
Question:
3. Roundup Ready Crops
Answer:
Crops that have been genetically engineered to be tolerant of Roundup
- soybean, corn, alfalfa, canola, wheat, cotton
Question:
4. California specialty crops
Answer:
strawberry, rice, broccoli
Question:
5. challenges with conventional weed mgmt in CA
Answer:
- specialty crops
- public sector sensitivity
- herbicide efficacy (resistance)
- labor
Question:
6. urban encroachment
Answer:
cheap realty impacting agriculture and urban development in ag areas
Question:
7. public sector sensitivity
,Answer:
-urban encroachment
-food and water contamination
-air pollution PM10 cotton and almonds
-Delaney Clause (1960)
-drift
Question:
8. Delaney Clause (1960)
Answer:
said zero tolerance for pesticide use after Rachel Carson's book
Question:
9. FQPA (1996)
Answer:
Food Quality Protection Act
- set standards for these chemicals
- was based on sensitive groups like children, elderly, etc.
Question:
10. drift
Answer:
off target movement of pesticides
- no matter the circumstances one could be blamed for drift after putting letter of intent (which is required)
Question:
11. Glyphosate
Answer:
Roundup
- inhibits EPSPS
- #1 used pesitcide
- use skyrocket when roundup ready crops were released
- 2015 IARC came out it was probable carcinogen; however, still unknown
Question:
12. Herbicide efficacy
Answer:
resistance and tolerance
- weeds have evolved 23 of the 26 known mechanisms for resistance
Question:
13. first atrazine resistance
Answer:
corn in 1976
Question:
14. Jethro Toll
, Answer:
1730 invented seed till so people could hoe easily next to planting line -- seed in a straight line
Question:
15. Acetic Acid 2, 4-D
Answer:
discovered during WWII plant physiology research on growth regulators to get soldiers from farms
- selective/low rates
Question:
16. Phenyl substituted ureas
Answer:
Photosynthetic inhibitor - Photsystem II (the most common mode of action of all herbicides)
- first group that wasn't a grown regulator
Question:
17. Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Answer:
An agricultural practice that uses a variety of techniques designed to minimize pesticide inputs
- prevention, monitoring, physical, biological, chemical
Question:
18. Triazines
Answer:
atrazine, simazine, Velpar problems: aquifer contamination, hormone mimics endocrine disruptor
->mimics estrogen and turns frogs female
Question:
19. -zines
Answer:
PSII electron transport inhibitor
Question:
20. -uron
Answer:
ALS inhibitor (except diuron)
Question:
21. Dinitro-analines
Answer:
binds to tubulin during formation of microtubules which stops cell division
- typically found in bright colors (orange) which makes it go in soil
Question:
22. PPO Inhibitors
ANSWERS
Question:
1. what percent of people in US work on farms
Answer:
<1%
Question:
2. out of 2 million farms in US, what percent can make enough to support a family and that actually
provide food?
Answer:
25% or 500,000 farms
Question:
3. Roundup Ready Crops
Answer:
Crops that have been genetically engineered to be tolerant of Roundup
- soybean, corn, alfalfa, canola, wheat, cotton
Question:
4. California specialty crops
Answer:
strawberry, rice, broccoli
Question:
5. challenges with conventional weed mgmt in CA
Answer:
- specialty crops
- public sector sensitivity
- herbicide efficacy (resistance)
- labor
Question:
6. urban encroachment
Answer:
cheap realty impacting agriculture and urban development in ag areas
Question:
7. public sector sensitivity
,Answer:
-urban encroachment
-food and water contamination
-air pollution PM10 cotton and almonds
-Delaney Clause (1960)
-drift
Question:
8. Delaney Clause (1960)
Answer:
said zero tolerance for pesticide use after Rachel Carson's book
Question:
9. FQPA (1996)
Answer:
Food Quality Protection Act
- set standards for these chemicals
- was based on sensitive groups like children, elderly, etc.
Question:
10. drift
Answer:
off target movement of pesticides
- no matter the circumstances one could be blamed for drift after putting letter of intent (which is required)
Question:
11. Glyphosate
Answer:
Roundup
- inhibits EPSPS
- #1 used pesitcide
- use skyrocket when roundup ready crops were released
- 2015 IARC came out it was probable carcinogen; however, still unknown
Question:
12. Herbicide efficacy
Answer:
resistance and tolerance
- weeds have evolved 23 of the 26 known mechanisms for resistance
Question:
13. first atrazine resistance
Answer:
corn in 1976
Question:
14. Jethro Toll
, Answer:
1730 invented seed till so people could hoe easily next to planting line -- seed in a straight line
Question:
15. Acetic Acid 2, 4-D
Answer:
discovered during WWII plant physiology research on growth regulators to get soldiers from farms
- selective/low rates
Question:
16. Phenyl substituted ureas
Answer:
Photosynthetic inhibitor - Photsystem II (the most common mode of action of all herbicides)
- first group that wasn't a grown regulator
Question:
17. Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Answer:
An agricultural practice that uses a variety of techniques designed to minimize pesticide inputs
- prevention, monitoring, physical, biological, chemical
Question:
18. Triazines
Answer:
atrazine, simazine, Velpar problems: aquifer contamination, hormone mimics endocrine disruptor
->mimics estrogen and turns frogs female
Question:
19. -zines
Answer:
PSII electron transport inhibitor
Question:
20. -uron
Answer:
ALS inhibitor (except diuron)
Question:
21. Dinitro-analines
Answer:
binds to tubulin during formation of microtubules which stops cell division
- typically found in bright colors (orange) which makes it go in soil
Question:
22. PPO Inhibitors
