NURS 6635 FINAL EXAM 2026 LATEST UPDATE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+
two antipsychotics with highest risk of increasing glucose levels - ANS-Clozapine and olanzapine
which drug can cause hyponatremia in elderly? - ANS-oxcarbazepine (trileptal)
severe perspiration as side effect from SSRIs, venlafaxine, and TCAs can be treated with what
medications? - ANS-terazosin, oxybutynin
What is the therapeutic index? - ANS-ratio of median toxic dose to median effective dose
median toxic dose - dose at which 50% will experience a certain toxic effect
median effective dose - dose at which 50% will experience therapeutic effect
when high can use varying dose, when low requires monitoring (e.g. lithium)
What is the definition of remission? - ANS-Disappearance of sx, but not necessary the presence
of disease. Below syndromal threshold.
What are responders? - ANS-Patients who improve but do not experience a full resolution.
response is usually defined as a 50 percent or more decrease from baseline on a standard
rating scale like HAM-D.
which two disorders are more likely to be associated with residual manifestations of illness? -
ANS-OCD and schizophrenia. (OCD less than 12% for full remission, partial is 47%)
,Treatment failure guidelines? - ANS-change meds
reassess for correct dx
are truly still not being helped and just seeing adverse effects
check dosage
investigate interactions
patient compliance
cross tolerance - ANS-development of tolerance to one drug causes tolerance to related drugs
sensitization effect - ANS-an increase in sensitivity to drug over time. Same dose produces
more profound effects as treatment progresses.
drugs with highest withdrawal reactions? - ANS-sedative-hypnotics and opiates
*alprazolam and triazolam more immediate and intense withdrawals
*SSRI paroxetine (Paxil) most severe, then venalfaxine
Paroxetine is a - ANS-auto inhibitor. It's metabolized by CYP 2d6 but is potent inhibitor of CYP
2D6 causing steep changes in plasma concentration
Does sustained release versions of drug reduce severity of withdrawal? - ANS-No. the increased
half-life is due to delayed absorption rather than prolonging elimination phase.
difference between augmentation and combination therapy? - ANS-Two psychotropics use
w/same indications concurrently - combination therapy
adding drug with another indication - augmentation
combining drugs create a broad spectrum effects and changes ratio of metabolites
, which antidepressant carries warning from FDA regarding increased risk of cardiac
malformation? - ANS-Paroxetine
Agents with risk of specific congenital abnormalities? - ANS-Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine,
lamotrigine may cause cleft palate
Two major concerns with elderly and medication - ANS-more susceptible to adverse effects,
especially cardiac
metabolize and excrete slower
Dosage of haldol for agitated elderly patients w dementia and for delirium - ANS-0.5 to 1 mg
haldol
What type of patient should receive benzo rather than DRA? - ANS-One psychotic from drugs, in
ETOH w/d DRA may increase risk of seizure
which drugs are useful for premature ejaculation? - ANS-fluoxetine and sertraline
SSRIs used in autism? - ANS-sertraline and fluvoxamine mitigate aggressiveness
fluoxetine useful for features of autism in children, adolescents, and adults
medications to counteract sexual side effects of ssri - ANS-add or switch buproprion
(mirtazepine) , sildenafil
which ssri causes greater risk of causing fatal heart rhythm abnormalities? - ANS-citalopram
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS
ALREADY GRADED A+
two antipsychotics with highest risk of increasing glucose levels - ANS-Clozapine and olanzapine
which drug can cause hyponatremia in elderly? - ANS-oxcarbazepine (trileptal)
severe perspiration as side effect from SSRIs, venlafaxine, and TCAs can be treated with what
medications? - ANS-terazosin, oxybutynin
What is the therapeutic index? - ANS-ratio of median toxic dose to median effective dose
median toxic dose - dose at which 50% will experience a certain toxic effect
median effective dose - dose at which 50% will experience therapeutic effect
when high can use varying dose, when low requires monitoring (e.g. lithium)
What is the definition of remission? - ANS-Disappearance of sx, but not necessary the presence
of disease. Below syndromal threshold.
What are responders? - ANS-Patients who improve but do not experience a full resolution.
response is usually defined as a 50 percent or more decrease from baseline on a standard
rating scale like HAM-D.
which two disorders are more likely to be associated with residual manifestations of illness? -
ANS-OCD and schizophrenia. (OCD less than 12% for full remission, partial is 47%)
,Treatment failure guidelines? - ANS-change meds
reassess for correct dx
are truly still not being helped and just seeing adverse effects
check dosage
investigate interactions
patient compliance
cross tolerance - ANS-development of tolerance to one drug causes tolerance to related drugs
sensitization effect - ANS-an increase in sensitivity to drug over time. Same dose produces
more profound effects as treatment progresses.
drugs with highest withdrawal reactions? - ANS-sedative-hypnotics and opiates
*alprazolam and triazolam more immediate and intense withdrawals
*SSRI paroxetine (Paxil) most severe, then venalfaxine
Paroxetine is a - ANS-auto inhibitor. It's metabolized by CYP 2d6 but is potent inhibitor of CYP
2D6 causing steep changes in plasma concentration
Does sustained release versions of drug reduce severity of withdrawal? - ANS-No. the increased
half-life is due to delayed absorption rather than prolonging elimination phase.
difference between augmentation and combination therapy? - ANS-Two psychotropics use
w/same indications concurrently - combination therapy
adding drug with another indication - augmentation
combining drugs create a broad spectrum effects and changes ratio of metabolites
, which antidepressant carries warning from FDA regarding increased risk of cardiac
malformation? - ANS-Paroxetine
Agents with risk of specific congenital abnormalities? - ANS-Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine,
lamotrigine may cause cleft palate
Two major concerns with elderly and medication - ANS-more susceptible to adverse effects,
especially cardiac
metabolize and excrete slower
Dosage of haldol for agitated elderly patients w dementia and for delirium - ANS-0.5 to 1 mg
haldol
What type of patient should receive benzo rather than DRA? - ANS-One psychotic from drugs, in
ETOH w/d DRA may increase risk of seizure
which drugs are useful for premature ejaculation? - ANS-fluoxetine and sertraline
SSRIs used in autism? - ANS-sertraline and fluvoxamine mitigate aggressiveness
fluoxetine useful for features of autism in children, adolescents, and adults
medications to counteract sexual side effects of ssri - ANS-add or switch buproprion
(mirtazepine) , sildenafil
which ssri causes greater risk of causing fatal heart rhythm abnormalities? - ANS-citalopram
