Emergency Medicine EOR Cardiovascular | Complete Practice Questions & Verified Answers
What is the most common chronic arrhythmia? Atrial fibrillation (AFib)
What is the classic ECG finding in Atrial Fibrillation? Irregularly irregular rhythm with no discernible P waves
What is the first-line treatment for rate control in stable Beta-blockers (e.g., Metoprolol) or non-dihydropyridine Calcium Channel
AFib? Blockers (e.g., Diltiazem)
What is the definitive treatment for Atrial Flutter? Radiofrequency catheter ablation
What is the classic ECG appearance of Atrial Flutter? "Sawtooth" P-wave pattern (F waves), usually in leads II, III, and aVF
What is the first-line medication for stable Paroxysmal Adenosine (6mg rapid IV push, followed by 12mg if needed)
Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)?
What is the definitive treatment for unstable atrial Synchronized cardioversion
arrhythmias?
What defines First-degree AV block? PR interval >0.20 seconds with a 1:1 P to QRS ratio
What is the classic ECG finding of Mobitz I Progressive PR interval prolongation until a QRS complex is dropped (longer,
(Wenckebach) 2nd-degree block? longer, longer drop now you've got a Wenckebach)
What is the classic ECG finding of Mobitz II 2nd-degree Intermittent, non-conducted P waves without progressive prolongation of the PR
block? interval
What is the clinical significance of Mobitz II 2nd-degree High risk of progression to 3rd-degree heart block; requires permanent
block? pacemaker
, Emergency Medicine EOR Cardiovascular | Complete Practice Questions & Verified Answers
What ECG finding defines 3rd-degree (Complete) Heart AV dissociation: P waves and QRS complexes occur independently with no
Block? relationship
What is the ECG criteria for a Left Bundle Branch Block QRS >0.12s, broad R waves in I and V6, and deep S waves in V1
(LBBB)?
What does a new LBBB in the setting of chest pain STEMI equivalent until proven otherwise
suggest?
What is the ECG criteria for a Right Bundle Branch Block QRS complex > .12 seconds
(RBBB)? R and R’ (upward bunny ears) in V1-V3
Wide S wave in V6
What defines an accelerated junctional rhythm? Regular rhythm originating from the AV node with a rate of 60–100 bpm and
inverted or absent P waves
What is the most common cause of Junctional Rhythm? Digitalis toxicity (classic board answer) or sick sinus syndrome
What is a Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)? Ectopic beat originating in the atria causing a premature P wave with a different
morphology
When are Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) When they are frequent (>10/min), multifocal, occur in runs (V-Tach), or exhibit
concerning? "R-on-T" phenomenon
What is the first-line treatment for symptomatic PVCs? Beta-blockers
What defines Ventricular Tachycardia (V-Tach)? 3 or more consecutive PVCs at a rate >100 bpm
What is the treatment for Pulseless V-Tach or Ventricular Defibrillation (unsynchronized) plus CPR and Epinephrine
Fibrillation?
What is the most common chronic arrhythmia? Atrial fibrillation (AFib)
What is the classic ECG finding in Atrial Fibrillation? Irregularly irregular rhythm with no discernible P waves
What is the first-line treatment for rate control in stable Beta-blockers (e.g., Metoprolol) or non-dihydropyridine Calcium Channel
AFib? Blockers (e.g., Diltiazem)
What is the definitive treatment for Atrial Flutter? Radiofrequency catheter ablation
What is the classic ECG appearance of Atrial Flutter? "Sawtooth" P-wave pattern (F waves), usually in leads II, III, and aVF
What is the first-line medication for stable Paroxysmal Adenosine (6mg rapid IV push, followed by 12mg if needed)
Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)?
What is the definitive treatment for unstable atrial Synchronized cardioversion
arrhythmias?
What defines First-degree AV block? PR interval >0.20 seconds with a 1:1 P to QRS ratio
What is the classic ECG finding of Mobitz I Progressive PR interval prolongation until a QRS complex is dropped (longer,
(Wenckebach) 2nd-degree block? longer, longer drop now you've got a Wenckebach)
What is the classic ECG finding of Mobitz II 2nd-degree Intermittent, non-conducted P waves without progressive prolongation of the PR
block? interval
What is the clinical significance of Mobitz II 2nd-degree High risk of progression to 3rd-degree heart block; requires permanent
block? pacemaker
, Emergency Medicine EOR Cardiovascular | Complete Practice Questions & Verified Answers
What ECG finding defines 3rd-degree (Complete) Heart AV dissociation: P waves and QRS complexes occur independently with no
Block? relationship
What is the ECG criteria for a Left Bundle Branch Block QRS >0.12s, broad R waves in I and V6, and deep S waves in V1
(LBBB)?
What does a new LBBB in the setting of chest pain STEMI equivalent until proven otherwise
suggest?
What is the ECG criteria for a Right Bundle Branch Block QRS complex > .12 seconds
(RBBB)? R and R’ (upward bunny ears) in V1-V3
Wide S wave in V6
What defines an accelerated junctional rhythm? Regular rhythm originating from the AV node with a rate of 60–100 bpm and
inverted or absent P waves
What is the most common cause of Junctional Rhythm? Digitalis toxicity (classic board answer) or sick sinus syndrome
What is a Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC)? Ectopic beat originating in the atria causing a premature P wave with a different
morphology
When are Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) When they are frequent (>10/min), multifocal, occur in runs (V-Tach), or exhibit
concerning? "R-on-T" phenomenon
What is the first-line treatment for symptomatic PVCs? Beta-blockers
What defines Ventricular Tachycardia (V-Tach)? 3 or more consecutive PVCs at a rate >100 bpm
What is the treatment for Pulseless V-Tach or Ventricular Defibrillation (unsynchronized) plus CPR and Epinephrine
Fibrillation?
