NURS 6011 Exam 2 With Correct
Answers (graded a+)
What are the clinical manifestations of hypokalemia?
muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, constipation, fatigue
How does the body compensate for metabolic acidosis?
the lungs try to exhale CO2 by increasing respiratory rate
What is metabolic acidosis?
blood is too acidic, with an HCO3- less than 21 and a pH less than 7.35
What are the S/S of metabolic acidosis?
DIARRHEA, Kussmaul respirations, confusion, HA, tachycardia, lethargy, loss
of appetite, N/V
How does the body compensate for metabolic alkalosis?
the lungs try to retain CO2 by slowing respiratory rate
What is metabolic alkalosis?
blood is too alkaline, with an HCO3- greater than 28 and a pH greater than
7.45
What are the S/S of metabolic alkalosis?
VOMITING, muscle twitching or spasms, lethargy, tremors,
numbness/tingling, light headedness, HA
, How does the body compensate for respiratory acidosis?
the kidneys excrete hydrogen through the urine
What is respiratory acidosis?
a buildup of CO2 in the lungs, which results in a PaCO2 greater than 45 and a
pH less than 7.35.
What are the S/S for respiratory acidosis?
SLOW RR, anxiety, confusion, fatigue, lethargy, sleepiness, tremors, flushed
skin, sweating
How does the body compensate for respiratory alkalosis?
the kidneys excrete bicarb through the urine
What is respiratory alkalosis?
low CO2 levels in the body, with a PaCO2 less than 35 and a pH greater than
7.45
What are the S/S of respiratory alkalosis?
HYPERVENTILATION, lightheadedness, dizziness, confusion, chest
discomfort, numbness/tingling of extremities
What physiological changes can occur with aging?
decreased skin turgor, muscle mass, and mineral bone density
Answers (graded a+)
What are the clinical manifestations of hypokalemia?
muscle weakness, cardiac arrhythmias, constipation, fatigue
How does the body compensate for metabolic acidosis?
the lungs try to exhale CO2 by increasing respiratory rate
What is metabolic acidosis?
blood is too acidic, with an HCO3- less than 21 and a pH less than 7.35
What are the S/S of metabolic acidosis?
DIARRHEA, Kussmaul respirations, confusion, HA, tachycardia, lethargy, loss
of appetite, N/V
How does the body compensate for metabolic alkalosis?
the lungs try to retain CO2 by slowing respiratory rate
What is metabolic alkalosis?
blood is too alkaline, with an HCO3- greater than 28 and a pH greater than
7.45
What are the S/S of metabolic alkalosis?
VOMITING, muscle twitching or spasms, lethargy, tremors,
numbness/tingling, light headedness, HA
, How does the body compensate for respiratory acidosis?
the kidneys excrete hydrogen through the urine
What is respiratory acidosis?
a buildup of CO2 in the lungs, which results in a PaCO2 greater than 45 and a
pH less than 7.35.
What are the S/S for respiratory acidosis?
SLOW RR, anxiety, confusion, fatigue, lethargy, sleepiness, tremors, flushed
skin, sweating
How does the body compensate for respiratory alkalosis?
the kidneys excrete bicarb through the urine
What is respiratory alkalosis?
low CO2 levels in the body, with a PaCO2 less than 35 and a pH greater than
7.45
What are the S/S of respiratory alkalosis?
HYPERVENTILATION, lightheadedness, dizziness, confusion, chest
discomfort, numbness/tingling of extremities
What physiological changes can occur with aging?
decreased skin turgor, muscle mass, and mineral bone density
