ENVS 201 Exam #1 comprehensive Questions and Answers with 100%
Correct Answers | Latest Version
When the supply of energy and nutrients influences ecosystem activities at higher trophic levels by
affecting the amount of energy that moves up the food chain, the ecosystem is said to be controlled
from the ________. - (ANSWER)bottom-up
These are the essential, and often limited mineral nutrients required for ecosystem health -
(ANSWER)nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium
Simultaneous evolution of two or more species of organisms that interact in significant ways is
called______ - (ANSWER)coevolution
A model that suggests that organisms that are able to move will distribute themselves according to the
amount of food available, with higher concentrations of organisms located near higher concentrations of
food is called the______ - (ANSWER)ideal free distribution model
_________ describes the amount of energy that remains available for plant growth after subtracting the
fraction that plants use for respiration. - (ANSWER)net primary productivity
Change driven by new external geophysical conditions such as rising average temperatures resulting
from global climate change is termed_____ - (ANSWER)allogenic succession
An interaction where one species benefits and one is harmed is termed _________. -
(ANSWER)predation or paraitism
The most important biogeochemical cycle(s) affecting ecosystem health are the __________ -
(ANSWER)all the above
An abandoned agricultural field transitions back to forest and sun-tolerant weeds and herbs appear first,
followed by dense shrubs like hawthorn and blackberry. After about a decade, birches and other small
fast-growing trees move in, sprouting wherever the wind blows their lightweight seeds. In 30 to 40 years,
slower-spreading trees like ash, red maple, and oak take root, followed by shade-tolerant trees such as
beech and hemlock. What ecological concept does this example illustrate? - (ANSWER)succession
,ENVS 201 Exam #1 comprehensive Questions and Answers with 100%
Correct Answers | Latest Version
Species are typically larger, grow more slowly, have fewer offspring and spend more time parenting them
are termed ________ - (ANSWER)K-selected
A single kind of organism or a small collection of different kinds of organisms that occupy a vital
ecological niche in a given location is called a ___________ - (ANSWER)keystone species
Organisms that tend to be small, short-lived, opportunistic, and to grow through irregular boom-and-
bust population cycles are termed _________. - (ANSWER)R-selected
Toxins and contaminants can move up the food web and organisms at higher trophic levels can be
threatened, even if the pollutant is introduced to the environment in very small quantities through a
process known as __________ - (ANSWER)bioaccumulation
The full range of habitat types in which a species can exist and reproduce without any competition from
other species is called its _______ - (ANSWER)fundamental niche
Generally speaking, plant and animal biodiversity is uniformly distributed across the planet -
(ANSWER)true
An interaction where one species benefits and the other is not affected is termed _________ -
(ANSWER)commensalism
When organisms of different species compete for the same resources in the same habitat, one species
will commonly be more successful in this competition and exclude the second from the habitat. This is
referred to as the ________ - (ANSWER)competitive exclusion principle
Which terrestrial geographic zones tend to have the highest plant and animal biodiversity? -
(ANSWER)tropical
, ENVS 201 Exam #1 comprehensive Questions and Answers with 100%
Correct Answers | Latest Version
Change driven by the inhabitants of an ecosystem, such as forests regrowing on abandoned agricultural
fields is termed _______ - (ANSWER)autogenic succession
An interaction where both species involved are harmed and population growth rates are reduced is
termed _______ - (ANSWER)competition
Energy is recycled during decomposition - (ANSWER)false
Ecology is the study of - (ANSWER)relationships in the natural world
A fundamental concept in ecology that refers to the more or less predictable and orderly changes in the
composition or structure of an ecological community - (ANSWER)succession
When considering ecosystem functions such as trophic levels in food webs, migrations of various species,
and population decline how does a decline in horseshoe crabs affect the larger ecosystem picture, if a
decline does at all? - (ANSWER)The spawning of of the horseshoe crabs is timed with the red knot
migration and a decline in horseshoe crabs will negtively affect the red knot population
The horseshoe crab blood has a special adaptation due to natural selection, what is this adaptation? -
(ANSWER)The adaptation allows them a clotting ability much like white blood cells in humans that helps
fight off bacteria
Aquatic biomes (marine and freshwater) cover of the Earth's surface and include rivers, lakes, coral reefs,
estuaries, and open ocean - (ANSWER)3/4
Which of the following is NOT a primary producer? - (ANSWER)tadpole
What are the predators of the horseshoe crab? - (ANSWER)sharks and sea turtles
Which of the folowing are the closest relatives to the horseshoe crab? - (ANSWER)spiders and scorpions
Correct Answers | Latest Version
When the supply of energy and nutrients influences ecosystem activities at higher trophic levels by
affecting the amount of energy that moves up the food chain, the ecosystem is said to be controlled
from the ________. - (ANSWER)bottom-up
These are the essential, and often limited mineral nutrients required for ecosystem health -
(ANSWER)nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium
Simultaneous evolution of two or more species of organisms that interact in significant ways is
called______ - (ANSWER)coevolution
A model that suggests that organisms that are able to move will distribute themselves according to the
amount of food available, with higher concentrations of organisms located near higher concentrations of
food is called the______ - (ANSWER)ideal free distribution model
_________ describes the amount of energy that remains available for plant growth after subtracting the
fraction that plants use for respiration. - (ANSWER)net primary productivity
Change driven by new external geophysical conditions such as rising average temperatures resulting
from global climate change is termed_____ - (ANSWER)allogenic succession
An interaction where one species benefits and one is harmed is termed _________. -
(ANSWER)predation or paraitism
The most important biogeochemical cycle(s) affecting ecosystem health are the __________ -
(ANSWER)all the above
An abandoned agricultural field transitions back to forest and sun-tolerant weeds and herbs appear first,
followed by dense shrubs like hawthorn and blackberry. After about a decade, birches and other small
fast-growing trees move in, sprouting wherever the wind blows their lightweight seeds. In 30 to 40 years,
slower-spreading trees like ash, red maple, and oak take root, followed by shade-tolerant trees such as
beech and hemlock. What ecological concept does this example illustrate? - (ANSWER)succession
,ENVS 201 Exam #1 comprehensive Questions and Answers with 100%
Correct Answers | Latest Version
Species are typically larger, grow more slowly, have fewer offspring and spend more time parenting them
are termed ________ - (ANSWER)K-selected
A single kind of organism or a small collection of different kinds of organisms that occupy a vital
ecological niche in a given location is called a ___________ - (ANSWER)keystone species
Organisms that tend to be small, short-lived, opportunistic, and to grow through irregular boom-and-
bust population cycles are termed _________. - (ANSWER)R-selected
Toxins and contaminants can move up the food web and organisms at higher trophic levels can be
threatened, even if the pollutant is introduced to the environment in very small quantities through a
process known as __________ - (ANSWER)bioaccumulation
The full range of habitat types in which a species can exist and reproduce without any competition from
other species is called its _______ - (ANSWER)fundamental niche
Generally speaking, plant and animal biodiversity is uniformly distributed across the planet -
(ANSWER)true
An interaction where one species benefits and the other is not affected is termed _________ -
(ANSWER)commensalism
When organisms of different species compete for the same resources in the same habitat, one species
will commonly be more successful in this competition and exclude the second from the habitat. This is
referred to as the ________ - (ANSWER)competitive exclusion principle
Which terrestrial geographic zones tend to have the highest plant and animal biodiversity? -
(ANSWER)tropical
, ENVS 201 Exam #1 comprehensive Questions and Answers with 100%
Correct Answers | Latest Version
Change driven by the inhabitants of an ecosystem, such as forests regrowing on abandoned agricultural
fields is termed _______ - (ANSWER)autogenic succession
An interaction where both species involved are harmed and population growth rates are reduced is
termed _______ - (ANSWER)competition
Energy is recycled during decomposition - (ANSWER)false
Ecology is the study of - (ANSWER)relationships in the natural world
A fundamental concept in ecology that refers to the more or less predictable and orderly changes in the
composition or structure of an ecological community - (ANSWER)succession
When considering ecosystem functions such as trophic levels in food webs, migrations of various species,
and population decline how does a decline in horseshoe crabs affect the larger ecosystem picture, if a
decline does at all? - (ANSWER)The spawning of of the horseshoe crabs is timed with the red knot
migration and a decline in horseshoe crabs will negtively affect the red knot population
The horseshoe crab blood has a special adaptation due to natural selection, what is this adaptation? -
(ANSWER)The adaptation allows them a clotting ability much like white blood cells in humans that helps
fight off bacteria
Aquatic biomes (marine and freshwater) cover of the Earth's surface and include rivers, lakes, coral reefs,
estuaries, and open ocean - (ANSWER)3/4
Which of the following is NOT a primary producer? - (ANSWER)tadpole
What are the predators of the horseshoe crab? - (ANSWER)sharks and sea turtles
Which of the folowing are the closest relatives to the horseshoe crab? - (ANSWER)spiders and scorpions
