PNH301 FINAL PT.2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. 1. The MD ORDERS 2 IV's. the first IV is infusing normal saline, due to Demetria's dehydration. A
second IV is 5% dexterous & 45% normal saline solution with insulin added. You review the order and
know that the only insulin preparation that can be given IV is:
a. Humulin N
b. Humulin R
c. Ultralente
d. Humulin 30/70
Answer:
b. Humulin R
Question:
2. The nurse understands that a diagnosis of diabetes means Mrs. James has increased risk of:
a. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
b. Pancreatic cancer
c. Myocardial insufficiency disease
d. Peripheral vascular disease
Answer:
d. PVD
Question:
3. When teaching Mrs. James about taking an oral antihyperglycemic, the nurse determines that additional
teaching about the medication is needed when she gives the following response:
a) "If I overeat at a meal, I should not take an extra dose of my medication.
b) "If I become ill or stressed, I may have to take insulin to control my blood sugar.
c) "Since I can take oral drugs rather than insulin, my diabetes is not serious and won't cause many
complications.
d) "I should check with my doctor before taking any other medications because there are many that will
affect glucose levels."
Answer:
C.
Question:
4. Mr. Demetria has received diet instruction as part of his treatment plan. The nurse determines a need for
additional teaching when he makes which of the following comments?
a) "I may have an occasional alcoholic drink if I include it in my meal plan
b) "I will need a bedtime snack because I take an evening dose of NPH insulin"
c) "I may eat whatever I want as long as I cover the calories with sufficient insulin"
d) "I need to eat meals as scheduled, even if I am not hungry, to prevent hypoglycemia
Answer:
C.
,Question:
5. Demetria asks why more than one injection of insulin is required each day, what is the nurse's best
response?
a. "You need to start with multiple injections until you become more pro at self-injection"
b. "A single dose of insulin each day would not match your changing sugar levels and your food intake
pattern closely enough"
c. "A regimen of a single dose of insulin injected each day would require that you eat no more than one
meal each day"
d. "A single dose of insulin would be too large to be absorbed predictably, so you would be in danger of
unexpected insulin shock"
Answer:
b.
Question:
6. The nurse is assessing a patient with new onset of type 1 diabetes. Which question should the nurse ask
to determine if the patient has experienced any of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes?
a. Have you lost any weight lately?
b. Do you crave fluids containing sugar?
C. How long have you felt anorexic?
d. Is your urine dark in colour?
Answer:
a.
Question:
7. The nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes mellitus about differentiating between hypoglycemia and
ketoacidosis. The patient demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that he should take
some glucose by mouth when the following symptom develops.
a. Polyuria
b. Dry mouth
c. Fruity breath odour
d. Shakiness
Answer:
d.
Question:
8. The patient arrives to the emergency department with decreased Level of consciousness, shortness of
breath and pallor. He is diagnosed with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. What is the priority physician order?
a. IV insertion and IV normal saline bolus
b. Continuous Sp02 monitor
c. Dietician to see
d. urine culture
Answer:
a.
, Question:
9. The nurse is monitoring a patient who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1 for signs
of complications. Which statement made by the patient would indicate hyperglycemia and the need to
contact a health care provider?
a. "I am urinating a lot"
b. "My pulse is really slow"
C."I am sweating for no reason"
d. "My blood pressure is really high"
Answer:
a. remember 3 Ps! polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
Question:
10. Mrs. Jones, a 70-year-old with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a morning blood sugar reading of
4.7mmol/L before breakfast. The nurse's best action is to:
a. Quickly give Mrs. Jones some sweetened orange juice
b. Call the physician to get Mrs. Jones an increased insulin order
C. Document the findings in Mrs. Jones' chart as per policy
d. Call dietary services to arrange for extra carbohydrates to be added to Mrs. Jones' breakfast tray
Answer:
c. her blood sugar is normal.
Question:
11. Alex's Mom is worried about what to do if Alex picks up a stomach flu' virus when he returns to school
and is vomiting and unable to eat. The best response by the nurse is: (he's type 1 diabetic)
a. "You should wait until you feel better to take the insulin"
b. "You should take your oral hyperglycemic medication until you are feeling better then restart your
insulin.
c. "It is safer not to take the insulin since you are not eating, and you do not want to become hypoglycemic.
d. "You need to take your insulin even when you are sick because illness puts your body in a state of stress
which causes your blood sugar to rise.
Answer:
d.
Question:
12. When Alex attends school, his teacher should be notified that:
a) it is never okay for Alex to have a high sugar treat.
b) Alex may need to eat several snacks during school.
c) Alex may not participate in physical education classes unless he takes his insulin first.
d) it is important to avoid "over excitement" because that may cause a hyperglycemic reaction.
Answer:
b.
CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. 1. The MD ORDERS 2 IV's. the first IV is infusing normal saline, due to Demetria's dehydration. A
second IV is 5% dexterous & 45% normal saline solution with insulin added. You review the order and
know that the only insulin preparation that can be given IV is:
a. Humulin N
b. Humulin R
c. Ultralente
d. Humulin 30/70
Answer:
b. Humulin R
Question:
2. The nurse understands that a diagnosis of diabetes means Mrs. James has increased risk of:
a. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
b. Pancreatic cancer
c. Myocardial insufficiency disease
d. Peripheral vascular disease
Answer:
d. PVD
Question:
3. When teaching Mrs. James about taking an oral antihyperglycemic, the nurse determines that additional
teaching about the medication is needed when she gives the following response:
a) "If I overeat at a meal, I should not take an extra dose of my medication.
b) "If I become ill or stressed, I may have to take insulin to control my blood sugar.
c) "Since I can take oral drugs rather than insulin, my diabetes is not serious and won't cause many
complications.
d) "I should check with my doctor before taking any other medications because there are many that will
affect glucose levels."
Answer:
C.
Question:
4. Mr. Demetria has received diet instruction as part of his treatment plan. The nurse determines a need for
additional teaching when he makes which of the following comments?
a) "I may have an occasional alcoholic drink if I include it in my meal plan
b) "I will need a bedtime snack because I take an evening dose of NPH insulin"
c) "I may eat whatever I want as long as I cover the calories with sufficient insulin"
d) "I need to eat meals as scheduled, even if I am not hungry, to prevent hypoglycemia
Answer:
C.
,Question:
5. Demetria asks why more than one injection of insulin is required each day, what is the nurse's best
response?
a. "You need to start with multiple injections until you become more pro at self-injection"
b. "A single dose of insulin each day would not match your changing sugar levels and your food intake
pattern closely enough"
c. "A regimen of a single dose of insulin injected each day would require that you eat no more than one
meal each day"
d. "A single dose of insulin would be too large to be absorbed predictably, so you would be in danger of
unexpected insulin shock"
Answer:
b.
Question:
6. The nurse is assessing a patient with new onset of type 1 diabetes. Which question should the nurse ask
to determine if the patient has experienced any of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes?
a. Have you lost any weight lately?
b. Do you crave fluids containing sugar?
C. How long have you felt anorexic?
d. Is your urine dark in colour?
Answer:
a.
Question:
7. The nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes mellitus about differentiating between hypoglycemia and
ketoacidosis. The patient demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that he should take
some glucose by mouth when the following symptom develops.
a. Polyuria
b. Dry mouth
c. Fruity breath odour
d. Shakiness
Answer:
d.
Question:
8. The patient arrives to the emergency department with decreased Level of consciousness, shortness of
breath and pallor. He is diagnosed with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. What is the priority physician order?
a. IV insertion and IV normal saline bolus
b. Continuous Sp02 monitor
c. Dietician to see
d. urine culture
Answer:
a.
, Question:
9. The nurse is monitoring a patient who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 1 for signs
of complications. Which statement made by the patient would indicate hyperglycemia and the need to
contact a health care provider?
a. "I am urinating a lot"
b. "My pulse is really slow"
C."I am sweating for no reason"
d. "My blood pressure is really high"
Answer:
a. remember 3 Ps! polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
Question:
10. Mrs. Jones, a 70-year-old with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a morning blood sugar reading of
4.7mmol/L before breakfast. The nurse's best action is to:
a. Quickly give Mrs. Jones some sweetened orange juice
b. Call the physician to get Mrs. Jones an increased insulin order
C. Document the findings in Mrs. Jones' chart as per policy
d. Call dietary services to arrange for extra carbohydrates to be added to Mrs. Jones' breakfast tray
Answer:
c. her blood sugar is normal.
Question:
11. Alex's Mom is worried about what to do if Alex picks up a stomach flu' virus when he returns to school
and is vomiting and unable to eat. The best response by the nurse is: (he's type 1 diabetic)
a. "You should wait until you feel better to take the insulin"
b. "You should take your oral hyperglycemic medication until you are feeling better then restart your
insulin.
c. "It is safer not to take the insulin since you are not eating, and you do not want to become hypoglycemic.
d. "You need to take your insulin even when you are sick because illness puts your body in a state of stress
which causes your blood sugar to rise.
Answer:
d.
Question:
12. When Alex attends school, his teacher should be notified that:
a) it is never okay for Alex to have a high sugar treat.
b) Alex may need to eat several snacks during school.
c) Alex may not participate in physical education classes unless he takes his insulin first.
d) it is important to avoid "over excitement" because that may cause a hyperglycemic reaction.
Answer:
b.
