MCA I Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
General test taking tips -
correct answer ✅Follow ADPIE (ASSESS FIRST before interventions)
ABC's unless specific
Be suspicious of "never" and "always"
For psychosocial questions: ask very broad, open-ended questions;
never assume; don't patronize; don't generalize; avoid speculation
Beta blockers -
correct answer ✅Tx: HTN and prevent post-MI (reduce work of
heart) & occasionally in tx of HF with adjuncts like ACEI & diuretics
Adverse effect: Bradycardia
End in "olol"
EX) Metoprolol, atenolol
Question/be careful with use in pts with asthma because beta
blocker decreases the contractility of the heart (with asthma pt
more worried about breathing)
ACEI/ARBs -
correct answer ✅Tx: HTN & HF (prevents ventricular remodeling
,MCA I Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Caution: Orthostatic hypotension (careful moving pt, getting up
quickly=fall risk)
Both drugs prevent/tx diabetic nephropathy (slow it down)
ACEI's: (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors)
~inhibits angiotensin II, prevent vasoconstriction of blood vessels so
it helps blood vessels relax and dilate (decreasing BP)
~ends in -pril"
~EX) lisinopril, catopril
~may cause cough
~side effect to watch out for is angioedema (swelling of face), which
closes your airway
ARBs: (angiotensin II receptor blockers)
~ends un -sartan
~EX) losartan
~can be used instead if ACEI is not tolerated well
~work just as well as ACEI
~inhibit vasoconstriction, causing blood vessels to dilate and
increasing blood flow
Nitrates -
correct answer ✅Vasodilator (increase blood flow to heart to
,MCA I Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
decrease angina sx~ chest pain & dilate veins to increase blood flow
to body, which decreases work on heart)
Don't give with ED drugs
Hypotension risk
Sublingual for fast acting
Paste for long acting (routine)
MIs will not be relieved with NTG
Morphine (opiate) -
correct answer ✅Anxiolytic
Affects preload and afterload
Respiratory depression risk
ANTIDOTE: narcan/naloxone
Constipation risk!
What is the common side effect of TB meds? -
correct answer ✅Liver failure
MONITOR LFT's
, MCA I Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What is the common side effect of NSAIDS? -
correct answer ✅Renal failure
Risk of bleeding
"I know too little"
Ibuprofen~ renal
What is the common side effect of Tylenol? -
correct answer ✅Liver failure
"I know too little"
Tylenol~ liver
What is the common side effect of Versed (midazolam)? -
correct answer ✅Amnestic
What are the common side effects of steroids? -
correct answer ✅Hyperglycemia
Immunocompromised (long-term use)
Weight gain
Answers (Grade A+)
General test taking tips -
correct answer ✅Follow ADPIE (ASSESS FIRST before interventions)
ABC's unless specific
Be suspicious of "never" and "always"
For psychosocial questions: ask very broad, open-ended questions;
never assume; don't patronize; don't generalize; avoid speculation
Beta blockers -
correct answer ✅Tx: HTN and prevent post-MI (reduce work of
heart) & occasionally in tx of HF with adjuncts like ACEI & diuretics
Adverse effect: Bradycardia
End in "olol"
EX) Metoprolol, atenolol
Question/be careful with use in pts with asthma because beta
blocker decreases the contractility of the heart (with asthma pt
more worried about breathing)
ACEI/ARBs -
correct answer ✅Tx: HTN & HF (prevents ventricular remodeling
,MCA I Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Caution: Orthostatic hypotension (careful moving pt, getting up
quickly=fall risk)
Both drugs prevent/tx diabetic nephropathy (slow it down)
ACEI's: (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors)
~inhibits angiotensin II, prevent vasoconstriction of blood vessels so
it helps blood vessels relax and dilate (decreasing BP)
~ends in -pril"
~EX) lisinopril, catopril
~may cause cough
~side effect to watch out for is angioedema (swelling of face), which
closes your airway
ARBs: (angiotensin II receptor blockers)
~ends un -sartan
~EX) losartan
~can be used instead if ACEI is not tolerated well
~work just as well as ACEI
~inhibit vasoconstriction, causing blood vessels to dilate and
increasing blood flow
Nitrates -
correct answer ✅Vasodilator (increase blood flow to heart to
,MCA I Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
decrease angina sx~ chest pain & dilate veins to increase blood flow
to body, which decreases work on heart)
Don't give with ED drugs
Hypotension risk
Sublingual for fast acting
Paste for long acting (routine)
MIs will not be relieved with NTG
Morphine (opiate) -
correct answer ✅Anxiolytic
Affects preload and afterload
Respiratory depression risk
ANTIDOTE: narcan/naloxone
Constipation risk!
What is the common side effect of TB meds? -
correct answer ✅Liver failure
MONITOR LFT's
, MCA I Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What is the common side effect of NSAIDS? -
correct answer ✅Renal failure
Risk of bleeding
"I know too little"
Ibuprofen~ renal
What is the common side effect of Tylenol? -
correct answer ✅Liver failure
"I know too little"
Tylenol~ liver
What is the common side effect of Versed (midazolam)? -
correct answer ✅Amnestic
What are the common side effects of steroids? -
correct answer ✅Hyperglycemia
Immunocompromised (long-term use)
Weight gain
