NR 571 CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED APLUS
●● Austenitic Stainless Steel
Answer: The 300 series stainless steels including Types 304, 304L,
304H, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 316H, 321, 321H, 347, and 347H. The "L"
and "H" suffixes refer to controlled ranges of low and high carbon
content, respectively. These alloys are characterized by an austenitic
structure.
●● Carbon Steel
Answer: steels that do not have alloying elements intentionally added.
However, there
may be small amounts of elements permitted by specifications such as
SA516 and SA106, for example that can affect corrosion resistance,
hardness after welding, and toughness. Elements which may be found in
small quantities include Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, S, Si, P, Al, V and B.
●● Diethanolamine (DEA)
Answer: used in amine treating to remove H2S and CO2 from
hydrocarbon streams.
●● Duplex stainless steel
, Answer: a family of stainless steels that contain a mixed austenitic-
ferritic structure including Alloy 2205, 2304, and 2507. The welds of
300 series stainless steels may also exhibit
a duplex structure.
●● Ferritic
Answer: a term that refers to a type of metallurgical structure (ferrite)
normally found in carbon
and low alloy steels and many 400 series stainless steels.
●● Ferritic Stainless Steel
Answer: Includes types 405, 409, 430, 442, and 446
●● Heat Affected Zone (HAZ)
Answer: The portion of the base metal adjacent to a weld which has not
been melted, but the metallurgical microstructure and mechanical
properties have been changed by the heat of welding, sometimes with
undesirable effects.
●● High Strength low Alloy Steels (HSLA)
Answer: A family of low-carbon steels in which the strength levels are
achieved by the addition of moderate amounts of alloying elements such
as titanium, vanadium or niobium in amounts of less than 0.1 percent.
They can be more sensitive to cracking during fabrication from
hydrogen embrittlement (delayed cracking) or underbead cracking.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED APLUS
●● Austenitic Stainless Steel
Answer: The 300 series stainless steels including Types 304, 304L,
304H, 309, 310, 316, 316L, 316H, 321, 321H, 347, and 347H. The "L"
and "H" suffixes refer to controlled ranges of low and high carbon
content, respectively. These alloys are characterized by an austenitic
structure.
●● Carbon Steel
Answer: steels that do not have alloying elements intentionally added.
However, there
may be small amounts of elements permitted by specifications such as
SA516 and SA106, for example that can affect corrosion resistance,
hardness after welding, and toughness. Elements which may be found in
small quantities include Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, S, Si, P, Al, V and B.
●● Diethanolamine (DEA)
Answer: used in amine treating to remove H2S and CO2 from
hydrocarbon streams.
●● Duplex stainless steel
, Answer: a family of stainless steels that contain a mixed austenitic-
ferritic structure including Alloy 2205, 2304, and 2507. The welds of
300 series stainless steels may also exhibit
a duplex structure.
●● Ferritic
Answer: a term that refers to a type of metallurgical structure (ferrite)
normally found in carbon
and low alloy steels and many 400 series stainless steels.
●● Ferritic Stainless Steel
Answer: Includes types 405, 409, 430, 442, and 446
●● Heat Affected Zone (HAZ)
Answer: The portion of the base metal adjacent to a weld which has not
been melted, but the metallurgical microstructure and mechanical
properties have been changed by the heat of welding, sometimes with
undesirable effects.
●● High Strength low Alloy Steels (HSLA)
Answer: A family of low-carbon steels in which the strength levels are
achieved by the addition of moderate amounts of alloying elements such
as titanium, vanadium or niobium in amounts of less than 0.1 percent.
They can be more sensitive to cracking during fabrication from
hydrogen embrittlement (delayed cracking) or underbead cracking.
