NUR 106 FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026

NUR 106 FINAL REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2026 Because 95-98% of nurses are women, the extent of freedom and respect granted to nurses is tied to whose status in society? - Answers women's Early cultures viewed the vocation of healer in terms associated with the _____________. - Answers sacred From the 14th to the 17th centuries, the _____________ trials in Europe were carried out through an organized partnership among the Church, state, and emerging medical profession. - Answers witch Exclusion of women from ___________________ during the Middle Ages meant that the only women allowed by the church to practice healing arts were in religious nursing orders. - Answers universities Florence Nightingale was a ______________________. - Answers nurse, statistician, sanitarian, social reformer, and scholar Use of scarce resources and assuring the best outcomes to address mass casualty incidents is an expression of ________________. - Answers Utilitarianism Nurse Kylee notices that a presurgical patient is licking and biting her lips. Even though the patient says she is not concerned about the surgery, Kylee decides to spend a few extra minutes going over what the patient can expect. Kylee sees the patient's nonverbal behavior as a reflection of anxiety. Kylee is exhibiting ________________. - Answers Discernment Which type of utilitarianism allows for times when the overall consequences may be better if a guideline is not followed? - Answers Act-utilitarianism According to Kant, a categorical imperative has no exceptions. - Answers True Errors that can cause violations of patient autonomy include: (Select all that apply.) - Answers Failing to recognize patients' thought processes are different from yours Assuming patients have the same values as you Being distracted by work Making assumptions about a patient's knowledge Assuming patients have the same goals as you The American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses recognizes that duties of confidentiality are not absolute. In what instances may these duties be modified? (Select all that apply.) - Answers to protect the patient for public safety In addition to the basic meaning of beneficence, the two other meanings it embodies per the American Nurses Association are that nurses must: - Answers prevent or remove harm. When competent patients give permission for treatments or research, it is termed: - Answers Informed consent Values are acquired in which of the following ways: (Select all that apply.) - Answers Through payment of dues Through socialization Through instruction by religious leaders Through instructions by teachers In order to acknowledge similarities and differences in values when interacting with others, you should first: - Answers Know your own values Tomas discovers that the facility where he works has stopped feeding a resident, Paul. Paul's barium swallow test showed that food is entering Paul's lungs. Paul's physician has recommended placement of a PEG (stomach) tube, so that Paul does not get pneumonia. Paul does not want the PEG tube, and understands that he will get pneumonia if he eats normally. Paul complains to Tomas that he is hungry. Tomas is angry that his facility does not support Paul's autonomy. Tomas is experiencing: - Answers moral distress. When personal values are at odds with those of patients, colleagues, or an institution, this situation is termed ______________. - Answers values conflict Which are techniques to increase self-awareness? (Select all that apply.) - Answers Explain the correct values to patients Pay attention to how you feel physically pay attention to how you feel emotionally Which of the following best reflects nursing's concerns? - Answers An ethic of caring Progression of the Cultural-Developmental Theory is in which order? - Answers Autonomy, Community, Divinity Which stages belong to Level II of Kohlberg's theory of moral development? - Answers The Stage of Mutual Interpersonal Expectations, Relationships, and Conformity and The Stage of Social System and Conscience Maintenance How is Cultural-Developmental Theory similar to Gilligan's theory? - Answers The final stage of each focuses on self Nurses must not delegate complex tasks that require in-depth knowledge, such as assessments. - Answers True Which statement/s is/are true regarding accountability? (Select all that apply.) - Answers Nurses have primary accountability for nursing care received by patients. Each nurse is responsible for all individual actions and omissions. Expertise is vital to the nursing profession because: - Answers Knowledge and skills are required to meet society's needs. What is the foremost legal statute that regulates nursing? - Answers Nurse Practice Act Some standards of nursing practice are developed by non-nurses. - Answers True During which step in ethical decision-making do you identify conflicting moral claims? - Answers Gathering Data An 18-year-old woman accompanied by her mother has an appointment for an annual check-up at the primary care office where you work. As you are taking the history, the mother leaves the room "so that my daughter can talk with you privately." The daughter requests to start on oral contraceptives. You are opposed to people having sex until they are married. The physician discusses oral contraceptives with the daughter, writes a prescription, and leaves you to explain to her how they are taken. The daughter exclaims, "I have to take the pill EVERY DAY?" She then describes that she is certain she will be forgetful during college. The office is running 45 minutes behind. What do you do? - Answers Ask the daughter if she would like to hear about other methods of contraception. If you feel discomfort when reason is pointing to a particular answer to an ethical decision, what should you do? - Answers Further explore reasonable arguments and your reactions An oncologist explains to an elderly patient with stage IV cancer that two more rounds of chemotherapy have been ordered. You know from the medical record that the chemotherapy has not been effective and that the patient suffers terribly with each round. You have noticed that this oncologist often gives "extra" rounds to terminal patients. You are thoroughly disgusted with this physician and would like to report the behavior to the medical board, but you think the oncologist may retaliate and you would lose your job. At what stage of moral reckoning are you? - Answers Situational Bind Which are the duties of a nurse as an expert witness? (Select all that apply.) - Answers Evaluate the nurse's actions against standards Describe standards of care to the court Discuss conclusions about the accusation of malpractice. Which of the following is a potential source of malpractice claims against nurses? - Answers Failure to properly assess and monitor Which of these is an instance where a nurse could be accused of a criminal offense under public law? - Answers False imprisonment Which of the following are sources of law? (Select all that apply.) - Answers Constitutional law Statutory (legislative) law Administrative law Common law Which of the following enhances the effectiveness of delegation? - Answers Clear communication Nurses' first obligation is to: - Answers patients Josie started work last week in a new department. She was surprised to overhear Nurse Layla spreading a rumor about a coworker. What is the term for Layla's behavior? - Answers Incivility Which of the following are potential relationship conflicts? (Select all that apply.) - Answers Loyalty to subordinates versus duty to patients Obligations to patients versus following physician's orders Which is true regarding the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)? (Select all that apply.) - Answers Employers must make necessary physical accommodations to the workplace upon request from employees, such as wheelchair accessibility, provided that doing so would not be an undue hardship. The ADA demands that employers base employment decisions solely upon job qualifications and ability, without regard to physical or mental disabilities. The ADA requires that people with disabilities are not excluded from job opportunities unless they are unqualified or unable to perform the job. Nurse John feels that elective abortion is always murder. He did not realize when he was hired that the hospital where he works will perform abortions in certain instances, such as when the mother's life is in danger. John reviews his ethics text; he finds this chapter that explains that nurses who cannot reconcile their values with a particular situation need to take the necessary steps to: - Answers remove themselves from the situation. When competent patients refuse food or fluid, respect for persons directs nurses to: - Answers honor this refusal. Josie, age 87, has lived at Manor Care (a skilled nursing facility) for 10 years. Josie has just been diagnosed with Stage IV cancer. She has seen the oncologist who told her there is little chance of surviving chemotherapy, that chemotherapy would be painful and cause much suffering, and that her quality of life would be much better by choosing palliative care now. He said that the combination of her age and diagnosis would qualify her for hospice care as another option. Josie's nurse, Estelle, talks with Josie about her choices, and helps Josie realize that to have the chemotherapy would be an exercise in: - Answers Medical futility A cardiologist suggests to a family to have a heart monitor implanted in their 93-year-old father who has congestive heart failure. The procedure will require general anesthesia, which has some risks because of the father's decreased pulmonary capacity. However, myocardial infarctions (like the one that accelerated the congestive heart failure) will be easily detected once the heart monitor is in place. Which two principles must be weighed in making the decision? - Answers Beneficence and nonmaleficence A subjective appraisal of factors that make life worth living is: - Answers Quality of life Autonomy may be threatened by which of the following? (Select all that apply.) - Answers Presumption that a patient's values are consistent with those of health care providers Paternalism Attentive listening to a patient's concerns Calvin had an advanced directive explaining that when two or more physicians agreed that there was no hope of him surviving, any life support should be removed if started, and no new measures were to be taken except those that would eliminate pain. Calvin was in a coma owing to kidney failure, but his children wanted to start a feeding tube. The physician refused because the purpose of an advance directive is to: - Answers support people in making decisions on their own behalf, and help to ensure that patients have the kind of end-of-life care that they want. Because of concern that health care providers will not adhere to personal wishes regarding end-of-life issues, fears about prolonged suffering resulting from prolongation of dying, and the lack of control that each of these engenders, many people consider the possibility of: - Answers assisted suicide. In dealing with patient lifestyle choices, nurses must remember the instructions in the ANA Code for Nurses to provide services with respect for human dignity and to: - Answers avoid their own value judgments related to differences in background, customs, attitudes, and beliefs. Advance directives include living wills and durable power of attorney for health care. - Answers True Amy is not overly concerned about guarding the password to the computer in the research lab, because confidentiality applies to patients, but not to research participants. - Answers False