,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
t j
1. Which of the following is NOT considereda benefit of microorganisms?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj
a. nitrogen fixation tj c. synthesis of vitamins tj tj
b. production of fermented foods d. causativeagents ofdisease
tj tj tj tj tj
ANS: D tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain whythe definition is a challenge.MS mb
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
C: Reme
tj
ering
2. A microbethat is 50 nm in size would most likely be
dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. fungi. c. virus.
b. E. coli. tj d. algae.
ANS: C t j DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e three domains have in com dx tj tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applying tj tj
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrowcould be a
dx tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. tj
b. bacteria. d. largeameba.
t j
ANS: B tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e three domains have in com dx tj tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applying tj tj
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
dx tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
, a. virus. c. archaea.
t j t j
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
ANS: D tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in com dx dx tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applyingtj tj
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
tj
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis tj t j tj
ANS: C tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in com dx dx tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applyingtj tj
6. Which keycharacteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. the absence of proteins
tj tj tj
b. the presence of DNA
dx tj tj
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
tj tj tj tj
d. the presence of a cell wall
dx tj tj tj tj
ANS: C tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in co dx dx tj tj tj tj
mmon and how they differ.
tj tj tjMSC: Remembering tj tj
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj t j tj 1a dx tj tj tj tj
lose
ly related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
tj tj tj tj t j tj tj tj tj
a. physical characteristics tj c. DNA sequence comparison tj t j
b. method ofreproduction tj d. environmental habitat
tj t j tj
ANS: C tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in com dx dx tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applyingtj tj
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli t j
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e three domains have in co dx tj tj tj tj tj
mmon and how they differ. tj tj MSC: Understanding tj tj tj
9. Which of the following has been usedas a tool for genetherapy?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. viruses c. protozoa t j t j
b. archaea d. fungi
ANS: A t j DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in co dx dx tj tj tj tj
mmon and how they differ. tj tj MSC: Understanding tj tj tj
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj 1a tj tj tj tj tj dx
a. archaea c. bacteria t j t j
b. algae d. intestinalviruses t j tj
ANS: B tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e three domains have in co dx tj tj tj tj tj
mmon and how they differ. tj tj MSC: Understanding tj tj tj
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p
tj tj rocess of a tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj t j t j tj tj
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that tar ge ts
tj tj tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj tj
cellular metabolic enzymes?
tj tj dx
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba t j t j
b. Herpes virus d. breadmold
tj tj tj
ANS: B tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain howthey relate to living cells.MS
tj dx tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj
C: Anal
tj tj
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
tj dx tj tj tj tj dx tj
a. Antonievan Leeuwenhoek c. Robert Hooke
tj tj tj tj dx
b. Catherine ofSiena d. LouisPasteur dx t j tj
ANS: C tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 tj
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history.
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
MSC: t
Remembering
j
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit ofthe bubonic plague?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. Therewas no benefit to the bubonic plague. tj dx tj tj dx tj 1a
b. The population of Europe experienced a babyboom.
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
c. It resulted in a better understanding ofaseptic practices and howto prevent the spread ofi
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj tj dx tj tj tj nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx
ANS: D tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 tj
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history.
tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj tj
MSC: t
Understanding
j
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj tj tj
a. vinegar eels c. mold filaments
tj tj
b. dust mites tj d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis t j
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
t j
1. Which of the following is NOT considereda benefit of microorganisms?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj
a. nitrogen fixation tj c. synthesis of vitamins tj tj
b. production of fermented foods d. causativeagents ofdisease
tj tj tj tj tj
ANS: D tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain whythe definition is a challenge.MS mb
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
C: Reme
tj
ering
2. A microbethat is 50 nm in size would most likely be
dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. fungi. c. virus.
b. E. coli. tj d. algae.
ANS: C t j DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e three domains have in com dx tj tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applying tj tj
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrowcould be a
dx tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. tj
b. bacteria. d. largeameba.
t j
ANS: B tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e three domains have in com dx tj tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applying tj tj
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
dx tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
, a. virus. c. archaea.
t j t j
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
ANS: D tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in com dx dx tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applyingtj tj
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
tj
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis tj t j tj
ANS: C tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in com dx dx tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applyingtj tj
6. Which keycharacteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. the absence of proteins
tj tj tj
b. the presence of DNA
dx tj tj
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
tj tj tj tj
d. the presence of a cell wall
dx tj tj tj tj
ANS: C tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in co dx dx tj tj tj tj
mmon and how they differ.
tj tj tjMSC: Remembering tj tj
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj t j tj 1a dx tj tj tj tj
lose
ly related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
tj tj tj tj t j tj tj tj tj
a. physical characteristics tj c. DNA sequence comparison tj t j
b. method ofreproduction tj d. environmental habitat
tj t j tj
ANS: C tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in com dx dx tj tj tj tj
mon and how they differ.
tj tj tj MSC: Applyingtj tj
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli t j
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e three domains have in co dx tj tj tj tj tj
mmon and how they differ. tj tj MSC: Understanding tj tj tj
9. Which of the following has been usedas a tool for genetherapy?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. viruses c. protozoa t j t j
b. archaea d. fungi
ANS: A t j DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e thre e domains have in co dx dx tj tj tj tj
mmon and how they differ. tj tj MSC: Understanding tj tj tj
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj 1a tj tj tj tj tj dx
a. archaea c. bacteria t j t j
b. algae d. intestinalviruses t j tj
ANS: B tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
e three domains have in co dx tj tj tj tj tj
mmon and how they differ. tj tj MSC: Understanding tj tj tj
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p
tj tj rocess of a tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj t j t j tj tj
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that tar ge ts
tj tj tj dx tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj tj
cellular metabolic enzymes?
tj tj dx
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba t j t j
b. Herpes virus d. breadmold
tj tj tj
ANS: B tj DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 tj
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain howthey relate to living cells.MS
tj dx tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj
C: Anal
tj tj
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
tj dx tj tj tj tj dx tj
a. Antonievan Leeuwenhoek c. Robert Hooke
tj tj tj tj dx
b. Catherine ofSiena d. LouisPasteur dx t j tj
ANS: C tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 tj
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history.
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
MSC: t
Remembering
j
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit ofthe bubonic plague?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
a. Therewas no benefit to the bubonic plague. tj dx tj tj dx tj 1a
b. The population of Europe experienced a babyboom.
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj
c. It resulted in a better understanding ofaseptic practices and howto prevent the spread ofi
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj tj dx tj tj tj nfection.
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx
ANS: D tj DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 tj
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history.
tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj tj
MSC: t
Understanding
j
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj tj dx tj tj tj tj
a. vinegar eels c. mold filaments
tj tj
b. dust mites tj d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis t j
