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CLTM – CERTIFICATION FOR LONG TERM MONITORING COMPREHENSIVE
PRACTICE EXAMINATION – QUESTIONS With Answers and Rationales
Updated for 2025/2026
SECTION 1: NEUROANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (Questions)
1. The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the:
A) Axon
B) Neuron
C) Synapse
D) Dendrite
Answer: B
Rationale: The neuron is the basic functional unit of the
nervous system.
2. The three main parts of a neuron include all EXCEPT:
A) Cell body (soma)
B) Dendrites
C) Axon
D) Myelin only
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Answer: D
Rationale: Myelin is a covering, not a main part.
3. "Action potential" is defined as:
A) A static electrical charge
B) A rapid change in membrane potential that propagates along
the neuron
C) A neurotransmitter release only
D) A synaptic gap
Answer: B
Rationale: Action potential = rapid electrical signal.
4. The resting membrane potential of a neuron is
approximately:
A) +30 mV
B) -70 mV
C) 0 mV
D) -90 mV only
Answer: B
Rationale: Resting potential ≈ -70 mV.
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5. "Depolarization" occurs when:
A) The membrane becomes more negative
B) Sodium channels open and sodium enters the cell
C) Potassium leaves the cell
D) The cell hyperpolarizes
Answer: B
Rationale: Depolarization = sodium influx.
6. "Repolarization" occurs when:
A) Sodium enters the cell
B) Potassium leaves the cell
C) Calcium enters the cell
D) Chloride enters the cell
Answer: B
Rationale: Repolarization = potassium efflux.
7. The "synapse" is:
A) The cell body
B) The junction between two neurons
C) The axon terminal only
D) The myelin sheath
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Answer: B
Rationale: Synapse = junction between neurons.
8. The primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS is:
A) GABA
B) Glutamate
C) Dopamine
D) Serotonin
Answer: B
Rationale: Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter.
9. The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS is:
A) Glutamate
B) GABA
C) Dopamine
D) Acetylcholine
Answer: B
Rationale: GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter.
10. The "cerebral cortex" is divided into how many lobes?
A) Two
CLTM – CERTIFICATION FOR LONG TERM MONITORING COMPREHENSIVE
PRACTICE EXAMINATION – QUESTIONS With Answers and Rationales
Updated for 2025/2026
SECTION 1: NEUROANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY (Questions)
1. The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the:
A) Axon
B) Neuron
C) Synapse
D) Dendrite
Answer: B
Rationale: The neuron is the basic functional unit of the
nervous system.
2. The three main parts of a neuron include all EXCEPT:
A) Cell body (soma)
B) Dendrites
C) Axon
D) Myelin only
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/Performance
Answer: D
Rationale: Myelin is a covering, not a main part.
3. "Action potential" is defined as:
A) A static electrical charge
B) A rapid change in membrane potential that propagates along
the neuron
C) A neurotransmitter release only
D) A synaptic gap
Answer: B
Rationale: Action potential = rapid electrical signal.
4. The resting membrane potential of a neuron is
approximately:
A) +30 mV
B) -70 mV
C) 0 mV
D) -90 mV only
Answer: B
Rationale: Resting potential ≈ -70 mV.
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/Performance
5. "Depolarization" occurs when:
A) The membrane becomes more negative
B) Sodium channels open and sodium enters the cell
C) Potassium leaves the cell
D) The cell hyperpolarizes
Answer: B
Rationale: Depolarization = sodium influx.
6. "Repolarization" occurs when:
A) Sodium enters the cell
B) Potassium leaves the cell
C) Calcium enters the cell
D) Chloride enters the cell
Answer: B
Rationale: Repolarization = potassium efflux.
7. The "synapse" is:
A) The cell body
B) The junction between two neurons
C) The axon terminal only
D) The myelin sheath
, https://www.stuvia.com/user/Performance
Answer: B
Rationale: Synapse = junction between neurons.
8. The primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS is:
A) GABA
B) Glutamate
C) Dopamine
D) Serotonin
Answer: B
Rationale: Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter.
9. The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS is:
A) Glutamate
B) GABA
C) Dopamine
D) Acetylcholine
Answer: B
Rationale: GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter.
10. The "cerebral cortex" is divided into how many lobes?
A) Two
