STUDY GUIDE for Davis Advantage for Understanding Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7th Edition By Linda S. Hopper, Paula D.; Williams, All Chapters 1 - 57, Complete Newest Version

STUDY GUIDE rt r t




Davis Advantage for Understanding
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rt Medical-Surgical Nursing 7th Edition
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By Linda S. Hopper, Paula D.; Williams, All Chapter's 1 - 57
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1

,(Davis Advantage for Understanding Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7e Linda Williams, Paula Hopper)
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Answers
CHAPTER 1 rt
to collect appropriate data, identify a patient
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problem, and determine the best possible plan of
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CRITICAL THINKING,
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CLINICAL JUDGMENT, ANDTHE rt rt
thinking.
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NURSING PROCESS r t Cue
Definition: Significant or relevant data. Not all data are
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cues (relevant), but all cues are data.
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AUDIO CASE STUDY r t r t
Collaboration
Jane Practices Clinical Judgment
rt rt rt Definition: Working together with the health team to
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improve patient outcomes.
rt rt rt
1. Identify and analyze cues; prioritize hypotheses;
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generatesolutions; take action; evaluate
rt rt rt rt Intervention
outcomes; repeat.
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Definition: Taking action to carry out a plan.
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2. Jane was exhausted, failed a test, and was pulled in
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too many directions. She was also crying in her car and
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Evaluation
hadpoor study habits and not enough sleep.
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt Definition: Comparing the outcomes you expected with
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3. Jane’s resources included a good friend, sick time from
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt actual outcomes. Did the plan work? Were
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work, and wasted time between classes that she
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt expected outcomes met?
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could better utilize. Your resources will be different,
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Vigilance
but they exist!
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Definition: The act of being attentive, alert, and watchful.
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4. Critical thinking—the why: Jane uses critical thinking
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to determine why her current plan isn’t working. She
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thinks honestly about her poor study habits, her
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CRITICAL THINKING AND CLINICALJUDGMENT rt r t r t



time- management problems, and the impact this is
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt Critical thinking and clinical judgment both follow a similar
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having on her and her family.
rt rt rt rt rt rt format. Both follow steps from collecting data to
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Clinical judgment—the do: Jane uses her thinking to
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt determin- ing problems and outcomes, developing and
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develop and carry out a plan that uses her resources
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt taking actions, and evaluating outcomes. However,
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and provides more productive study time and more
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt critical thinking helps you think about the problem: What
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quality time with her kids.
rt rt rt rt rt is it? Why is it happen- ing? And clinical judgment leads
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you to do something to manage the problem.
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VOCABULARY
CUE RECOGNITION
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Sample sentences will vary for the Vocabulary problems.
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You will do many things for each individual, but the FIRST
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Nursing process r t
thing is listed below.
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Definition: An organizing framework that links thinking with
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nursing actions. Steps include assessment/data collection,
rt rt rt rt rt rt 1. Sit the patient upright.
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nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation,and
rt rt rt rt 2. Call 911 while running across the street.
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evaluation.
rt 3. Elevate the feet off the bed by placing a pillow under
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Critical thinking
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thecalves and allowing the feet to hang off the edge
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of the pillow.
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Definition: The use of those cognitive (knowledge) skills or
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4. Check blood glucose and have a glucose source ready.
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strategies that increase the probability of a desirable
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5. Turn the patient to the side to prevent aspiration.
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outcome. Also involves reflection, problem-solving, and
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related thinking skills.
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Clinical judgment
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Definition: The observed outcome of critical thinking and
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decision making. A process that uses nursing knowledge
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,2 Chapter 1 rt Answers

CRITICAL THINKING r t



This is just one possible way to complete a cognitive map.
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Patient's rt
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Headache




data



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diabeti scale


REVIEW QUESTIONS r t taking vital signs; data collection is the first step in the
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nursing process. (2, 3, 4) are all steps in the nursing
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The correct answers are in boldface.
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process, for which the registered nurse is responsible;
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1. (2) Critical thinking can lead to better outcomes for the
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt the LPN/LVN may assist the registered nurse with these.
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patient. (1, 3, 4) may be true but are not the best
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt Nitroglycerin should not be administered withoutfirst
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answer.
rt knowing the patient’s blood pressure.
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2. (4) is correct. The nurse who can admit to not
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt 7. (2) indicates that the patient is concerned about
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knowing something is exhibiting intellectual humility.
rt rt rt rt rt rt freedomfrom injury and harm. (1) relates to basic
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(1) shows expertise but not necessarily intellectual
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt needs such as air, oxygen, and water. (3) relates to
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humility;
rt feeling loved. (4) isrelated to having positive self-
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(2) reporting an error shows intellectual integrity; rt rt rt rt rt esteem.
(3) empathizing is positive but does is not rt rt rt rt rt rt 8. (3, 1, 2, 4) is the correct order according to Maslow.
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evidence of humility.
rt rt rt 9. (5, 2, 1, 4, 6, 3) is the correct order.
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3. (3, 4, 5, 1, 2) is the correct order.
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt 10. (3) shows the patient is actually taking action. (1, 2,
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4. (1) is the best definition. (2, 3, 4) do not define
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt 4) are all positive but do not show intent to take
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critical thinking but are examples of good thinking.
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt action.
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5. (4) is correct. Evaluation determines whether goals
rt rt rt rt rt rt 11. (4) is the nurse’s analysis of the situation. (1, 2)
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are achieved and interventions effective. (2) is the role
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt are data; (3) is a recommendation.
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of the physician. (1, 3) encompass data collection and
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt 12. (1, 2, 3, 4) should be present. Since the data
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imple- mentation, which are earlier steps in the nursing
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt provides only hip replacement as the patient’s
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process.
rt problem, (5) thedietitian is not necessary.
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6. (1) is correct. The licensed practical nurse/licensed voca-
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tional nurse (LPN/LVN) can collect data, which
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includes
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1

, Answers
CHAPTER 2 r t
EVIDENCE-BASED r t r t PRACTICE
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1. proof
2. context
3. quality
AUDIO CASE STUDY r t r t
4. care
Marie and Evidence-Based Practice
r t r t r t 5. randomized
6. outcomes
1. Thirdhand smoke is the dangerous toxins of smoke that rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rt

linger on hair, clothing, furniture, and other surfaces
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7. gold
in an area after a cigarette is put out. Marie learned
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8. nursing
that exposure to these toxins can be neurotoxic to
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9. patient’s
children and can trigger asthma attacks in sensitive
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people.
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2. Evidence-based practice is considered the gold rt rt rt rt rt
CLINICAL JUDGMENT r t


standardof health care.
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1. By questioning the existing way of doing things
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3. Step 1: Ask the burning question. Step 2: Search
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rtto ensure that the patient receives the best
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and collect the most relevant and best evidence
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rtcare possible rt

available.Step 3: Think critically. Appraise the
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2. A thorough search of the literature, with the assistance of
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evidence for validity, relevance to the situation,
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rtthe medical librarian, in the area of their burning
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and applicability.
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rtques- tion regarding music reducing preoperative
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Step 4: Measure the outcomes before and after instituting
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rtanxiety.
the change. Step 5: Make it happen. Step 6: Evaluate
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3. Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health rt rt rt rt rt rt
the practice decision or change.
rt rt rt rt rt
rtLiterature (CINAHL) Database, Joanna Briggs rt rt rt rt

4. Combination therapy with a nicotine patch and nicotine rt rt rt rt rt rt rt
rtInstitute evidence-based resources, Cochrane rt rt rt

lozenges worked best, although bupropion (Zyban)
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rtReviews, Medline/ PubMed rt rt

or varenicline (Chantix) and nicotine lozenges worked
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4. Measure patient outcomes before instituting the rt rt rt rt rt
well, too. A Cochrane Review found that advice and
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rtevidence-based change in practice so comparisons rt rt rt rt rt
support from nursing staff can increase patients’
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rtcan be made after implementation to determine if
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success in quit- ting smoking, especially in a hospital
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rtthe
setting.
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inter-vention worked rt


5. Evaluate the results to determine whether the
VOCABULARY rt rt
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change made a significant difference and if it was
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rt
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rt
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Sample sentences will vary for the Vocabulary problems.
rt rt rt rt rt rt rt rtvaluable interms of c ost and time rt rt rt rt rt



1. Evidence-based practice: A systematic process that uses rt rt rt rt rt rt
REVIEW QUESTIONS r t

current evidence in making decisions about patient
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care.
rt The correct answers are in boldface.
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2. Evidence-informed practice: Consideration of patient rt rt rt rt
1. (3) is correct. Providing an explanation of why some-
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factors along with the use of evidence for shared
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rtthing is done promotes the understanding for why it
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decision making between the health-care provider and
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rtis important to be done and therefore will more likely
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the patient.
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rtbe done. (1, 2, 4) only communicate the need to
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3. Randomized controlled trials: True experimental studies rt rt rt rt rt
rtperform a task. They do not provide rationale for the
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in which as many factors as possible that could
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rttask to pro- mote understanding of the importance of
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falsely change the results are controlled.
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rtthe task. rt

4. Research: Scientific study, investigation, or experimenta-
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2. (3) is correct. Evidence-based nursing care that has
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tion to establish facts and analyze their significance.
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rtbeen evaluated as appropriate for an agency
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5. Systematic review: A review of relevant research using rt rt rt rt rt rt rt
rtprovides the best and safest patient care. (1) rt rt rt rt rt rt rt

guidelines.
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Opinions may not be based on
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