NUR 336 EXAM 1 MOA PRACTICE
Questions with Verified Correct Answers
MOA
describing the specific biochemical way a drug produces its effect in the body
Drug Pathophysiology
explains the mechanism by which a medication causes functional, cellular, or structural
changes in the body, leading to its therapeutic effect or side effects
Thiazide (HCTZ) Diuretics Method of Action
Blocks reabsorption of sodium Na+ in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to increased urine
output.
Thiazide Diuretics Pathophysiology Reasoning
Used to treat conditions like heart failure and hypertension by reducing fluid overload and
lowering blood pressure.
Loop Diuretics (furosemide) Method of Action
Inhibits transport of Na+, K+, Cl- in the loop of Henle, preventing reabsorption and
promoting diuresis.
Loop Diuretics Pathophysiology Reasoning
Indicated for heart failure and pulmonary edema to decrease preload and afterload, improving
cardiac function.
Potassium-Sparing (spironolactone) Diuretics Method of Action
,Blocks aldosterone, leading to sodium excretion and potassium retention, providing a weak
diuretic effect.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Pathophysiology Reasoning
Used in conditions like hypertension and edema to prevent hypokalemia associated with other
diuretics.
Osmotic Diuretics (manitol) Method of Action
Increases osmolarity of glomerular filtrate, inhibiting renal tubular reabsorption of water and
electrolytes.
Osmotic Diuretics Pathophysiology Reasoning
Utilized in cerebral edema and increased intraocular pressure to draw fluid into the
intravascular space.
Statins (atorvastatin)Method of Action
Reduces LDL synthesis by blocking the liver enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, decreasing
cholesterol production.
Statins Pathophysiology Reasoning
Prescribed for hyperlipidemia to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of
cardiovascular events.
Fibrates (fenofibrate) Method of Action
Lowers triglycerides and increases HDL by enhancing enzyme production that breaks down
lipids.
Fibrates Pathophysiology Reasoning
, Used to manage dyslipidemia, particularly in patients with high triglycerides and low HDL
levels.
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin) Method of Action
Decreases liver production of VLDLs and LDLs while increasing HDL levels.
Nicotinic Acid Pathophysiology Reasoning
Indicated for dyslipidemia to improve lipid profiles, although it has significant adverse
effects.
Adenosine Triphosphate-Citrate Lyase (ACL) Inhibitors (Bempedoic acid) method of
action
Reduces LDL synthesis by inhibiting an enzyme in the liver.
Pathophysiology of ACL Inhibitors
Used to lower LDL levels by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver.
Bile Acid Sequestrates (Colesevelam) Method of Action
Binds with bile acid in the intestine & prevents reabsorption, leading to increased cholesterol
use to make more bile acid.
Pathophysiology of Bile Acid Sequestrants
Used to lower lipid levels by promoting the excretion of bile acids and reducing cholesterol
levels in the blood.
Antilipidemic Medications (Ezetimibe) Method of Action
Inhibits a protein transporter in the small intestine responsible for absorbing cholesterol into
cells.
Questions with Verified Correct Answers
MOA
describing the specific biochemical way a drug produces its effect in the body
Drug Pathophysiology
explains the mechanism by which a medication causes functional, cellular, or structural
changes in the body, leading to its therapeutic effect or side effects
Thiazide (HCTZ) Diuretics Method of Action
Blocks reabsorption of sodium Na+ in the distal convoluted tubule, leading to increased urine
output.
Thiazide Diuretics Pathophysiology Reasoning
Used to treat conditions like heart failure and hypertension by reducing fluid overload and
lowering blood pressure.
Loop Diuretics (furosemide) Method of Action
Inhibits transport of Na+, K+, Cl- in the loop of Henle, preventing reabsorption and
promoting diuresis.
Loop Diuretics Pathophysiology Reasoning
Indicated for heart failure and pulmonary edema to decrease preload and afterload, improving
cardiac function.
Potassium-Sparing (spironolactone) Diuretics Method of Action
,Blocks aldosterone, leading to sodium excretion and potassium retention, providing a weak
diuretic effect.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Pathophysiology Reasoning
Used in conditions like hypertension and edema to prevent hypokalemia associated with other
diuretics.
Osmotic Diuretics (manitol) Method of Action
Increases osmolarity of glomerular filtrate, inhibiting renal tubular reabsorption of water and
electrolytes.
Osmotic Diuretics Pathophysiology Reasoning
Utilized in cerebral edema and increased intraocular pressure to draw fluid into the
intravascular space.
Statins (atorvastatin)Method of Action
Reduces LDL synthesis by blocking the liver enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, decreasing
cholesterol production.
Statins Pathophysiology Reasoning
Prescribed for hyperlipidemia to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of
cardiovascular events.
Fibrates (fenofibrate) Method of Action
Lowers triglycerides and increases HDL by enhancing enzyme production that breaks down
lipids.
Fibrates Pathophysiology Reasoning
, Used to manage dyslipidemia, particularly in patients with high triglycerides and low HDL
levels.
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin) Method of Action
Decreases liver production of VLDLs and LDLs while increasing HDL levels.
Nicotinic Acid Pathophysiology Reasoning
Indicated for dyslipidemia to improve lipid profiles, although it has significant adverse
effects.
Adenosine Triphosphate-Citrate Lyase (ACL) Inhibitors (Bempedoic acid) method of
action
Reduces LDL synthesis by inhibiting an enzyme in the liver.
Pathophysiology of ACL Inhibitors
Used to lower LDL levels by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver.
Bile Acid Sequestrates (Colesevelam) Method of Action
Binds with bile acid in the intestine & prevents reabsorption, leading to increased cholesterol
use to make more bile acid.
Pathophysiology of Bile Acid Sequestrants
Used to lower lipid levels by promoting the excretion of bile acids and reducing cholesterol
levels in the blood.
Antilipidemic Medications (Ezetimibe) Method of Action
Inhibits a protein transporter in the small intestine responsible for absorbing cholesterol into
cells.
