Health Science 1002 Final Exam Review
Questions and Accurate Answers 2026-
2027 Updated.
Social Determinants of Health are more significant than biological and genetic determinants -
Answer True
Examples of Social Determinants of Health - Answer Unemployment, Health Care Services,
Work Environment, Agriculture, Food Production, Water, Sanitation, Housing, Education,
Discrimination
What gives rise to living, social, and working conditions? - Answer Policies and Politics
Life expectancy in Canada 1800 compared to today in Canada - Answer 40- and 80+
What is the category of top causes of death in the present? - Answer Mostly Chronic Diseases
Why is there a higher lifespan today? - Answer Behavioural changes, improved medical care
and vaccines, introduction of social determinants of health
What is the definition of health, defined by WHO? - Answer A state of complete physical,
mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is the most important factor in extending life expectancy in terms of all social
determinants? - Answer Income
Why is income the most important factor of the social determinants? - Answer Impacts on
access to food, nutrition, housing, disease prevention, hygiene, sanitation, and health care
Who is Rudolf Virchow? - Answer Father of modern pathology and social medicine, described
medicine as a social science
What are the 3 low-income disease mechanisms? - Answer Material + Social Deprivation,
Adoption of Health Threatening Behaviours, Chronic Stress
Reasons why we should care about SDH - Answer Pragmatic - explains different distributions
and supports sustainable solutions; Ethical - everyone has a right to live their healthiest life
possible
,What is the Code Red case study - Answer Examination of the discrepancies of health in
Hamilton
What were the main causes of 21 differences in life expectancy? - Answer Poverty, access to
healthcare, education
Teen pregnancy cons - Answer Stigma, lower income, risks presented in the child born
What is health capital? - Answer The accumulation of health resources, both physical and
psychosocial, inherited and acquired during the early stages of life which determine current
health
Teen pregnancy trends across the province - Answer Teen mother rates were higher in places
where income and education achievements are low and poverty levels are high
What factors explain the teen pregnancy trends across the province - Answer Opportunity
deficit, limited support in school, chronic insecurity, norms, perception of healthcare system
and providers
Canada is the worst providing an effect social safety net. - Answer True
Canada is the 9th richest country in the world - Answer True
Income inequality and poverty rates are highest among the highest of wealthy developing
nations - Answer True
How does chronic stress affect the physiological body? - Answer Flight-or-fight reactions,
prolonged biological reactions that strain the physical body, weakens resistance to disease,
more vulnerable to many serious illnesses, disrupts normal functioning of systems, feelings of
shame/insecurity/worthlessness, can adopt unhealthy coping strategies
How does chronic stress develop from adverse social and material living conditions? - Answer
Stressful situations can arise from low quality SDH's. There are lack of supportive relationships,
social isolation, mistrust of others, etc.
How can policy implications increase SDH's? - Answer Higher minimum wage, higher
assistance levels for those unable to work, immediate health benefits, progressive taxation,
higher unionized workplaces
, Why do Latino children have higher prevalence of caries than any racial/ethnic group in the US?
- Answer Do not recognize visible signs, different public health insurance, limited community
infrastructure, polluted waters, job obligation, lack of training for care of young patients by
doctors
What is food insecurity? - Answer A measure of inability to access food, need enough calories
and the right types of food
Causes of food insecurity - Answer Global and economic forces, war, displacement,
environmental disaster, inquality, poverty
How many Canadians are food insecure? - Answer 14.6%, 4+ million
How many people in Ontario are food insecure? - Answer 1 in 10 people in Ontario, 1 in 6
children in Ontario
How many Canadian households are food insecure? - Answer 2.1 million households
Which groups have an uneven distribution of food insecurity? - Answer Children, Disability,
Senior Citizens, Recent immigrants, Racialized Black Minorities, Aboriginal people, Single
Mothers, Farmers
Which province has the highest rate of food insecurity? - Answer Nunavut, 57%
Why is there a disproportionate food insecurity in provinces? - Answer Higher price, Systemic
factors (previously accessed through hunting and gathering), changes in tradition, greater
dependence on imports, poverty
There is a no difference in risk of food insecurity when individuals are on social assistance
compared to others - Answer False
What does food insecurity develop in health and wellbeing? - Answer More likely to develop
diabetes, food allergies, high or low blood pressure
How does food insecurity affect babies? - Answer Cognitive development issues, psychological
impacts of the strain, higher risk for multiple chronic conditions, can develop
hypertension/hyper cholesterol/anemia/osteoporosis, lower ability to manage chronic
conditions, stress/depression
Questions and Accurate Answers 2026-
2027 Updated.
Social Determinants of Health are more significant than biological and genetic determinants -
Answer True
Examples of Social Determinants of Health - Answer Unemployment, Health Care Services,
Work Environment, Agriculture, Food Production, Water, Sanitation, Housing, Education,
Discrimination
What gives rise to living, social, and working conditions? - Answer Policies and Politics
Life expectancy in Canada 1800 compared to today in Canada - Answer 40- and 80+
What is the category of top causes of death in the present? - Answer Mostly Chronic Diseases
Why is there a higher lifespan today? - Answer Behavioural changes, improved medical care
and vaccines, introduction of social determinants of health
What is the definition of health, defined by WHO? - Answer A state of complete physical,
mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
What is the most important factor in extending life expectancy in terms of all social
determinants? - Answer Income
Why is income the most important factor of the social determinants? - Answer Impacts on
access to food, nutrition, housing, disease prevention, hygiene, sanitation, and health care
Who is Rudolf Virchow? - Answer Father of modern pathology and social medicine, described
medicine as a social science
What are the 3 low-income disease mechanisms? - Answer Material + Social Deprivation,
Adoption of Health Threatening Behaviours, Chronic Stress
Reasons why we should care about SDH - Answer Pragmatic - explains different distributions
and supports sustainable solutions; Ethical - everyone has a right to live their healthiest life
possible
,What is the Code Red case study - Answer Examination of the discrepancies of health in
Hamilton
What were the main causes of 21 differences in life expectancy? - Answer Poverty, access to
healthcare, education
Teen pregnancy cons - Answer Stigma, lower income, risks presented in the child born
What is health capital? - Answer The accumulation of health resources, both physical and
psychosocial, inherited and acquired during the early stages of life which determine current
health
Teen pregnancy trends across the province - Answer Teen mother rates were higher in places
where income and education achievements are low and poverty levels are high
What factors explain the teen pregnancy trends across the province - Answer Opportunity
deficit, limited support in school, chronic insecurity, norms, perception of healthcare system
and providers
Canada is the worst providing an effect social safety net. - Answer True
Canada is the 9th richest country in the world - Answer True
Income inequality and poverty rates are highest among the highest of wealthy developing
nations - Answer True
How does chronic stress affect the physiological body? - Answer Flight-or-fight reactions,
prolonged biological reactions that strain the physical body, weakens resistance to disease,
more vulnerable to many serious illnesses, disrupts normal functioning of systems, feelings of
shame/insecurity/worthlessness, can adopt unhealthy coping strategies
How does chronic stress develop from adverse social and material living conditions? - Answer
Stressful situations can arise from low quality SDH's. There are lack of supportive relationships,
social isolation, mistrust of others, etc.
How can policy implications increase SDH's? - Answer Higher minimum wage, higher
assistance levels for those unable to work, immediate health benefits, progressive taxation,
higher unionized workplaces
, Why do Latino children have higher prevalence of caries than any racial/ethnic group in the US?
- Answer Do not recognize visible signs, different public health insurance, limited community
infrastructure, polluted waters, job obligation, lack of training for care of young patients by
doctors
What is food insecurity? - Answer A measure of inability to access food, need enough calories
and the right types of food
Causes of food insecurity - Answer Global and economic forces, war, displacement,
environmental disaster, inquality, poverty
How many Canadians are food insecure? - Answer 14.6%, 4+ million
How many people in Ontario are food insecure? - Answer 1 in 10 people in Ontario, 1 in 6
children in Ontario
How many Canadian households are food insecure? - Answer 2.1 million households
Which groups have an uneven distribution of food insecurity? - Answer Children, Disability,
Senior Citizens, Recent immigrants, Racialized Black Minorities, Aboriginal people, Single
Mothers, Farmers
Which province has the highest rate of food insecurity? - Answer Nunavut, 57%
Why is there a disproportionate food insecurity in provinces? - Answer Higher price, Systemic
factors (previously accessed through hunting and gathering), changes in tradition, greater
dependence on imports, poverty
There is a no difference in risk of food insecurity when individuals are on social assistance
compared to others - Answer False
What does food insecurity develop in health and wellbeing? - Answer More likely to develop
diabetes, food allergies, high or low blood pressure
How does food insecurity affect babies? - Answer Cognitive development issues, psychological
impacts of the strain, higher risk for multiple chronic conditions, can develop
hypertension/hyper cholesterol/anemia/osteoporosis, lower ability to manage chronic
conditions, stress/depression
