,NSG 3600 Exam 1 | Pediatric Nursing |
Galen College | 26/27|Guaranteed Pass
1. A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which developmental milestone
should the nurse expect the infant to have achieved?
A) Sitting independently without support
B) Rolling from front to back
C) Crawling on hands and knees
D) Pulling to a standing position
Correct Answer: Rolling from front to back
Rationale: Rolling over from front to back typically occurs around 4 months of age. Sitting
independently occurs around 6 to 8 months, crawling around 6 to 10 months, and pulling to stand
around 9 to 12 months. This milestone reflects the infant's developing gross motor skills and head
control.
2. According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, a toddler (ages 1 to 3 years) is in which
developmental stage?
A) Trust versus mistrust
B) Autonomy versus shame and doubt
C) Initiative versus guilt
D) Industry versus inferiority
Correct Answer: Autonomy versus shame and doubt
Rationale: Erikson's stage for toddlers (ages 1 to 3) is autonomy versus shame and doubt, where
children strive for independence and control over their environment. Trust versus mistrust is infancy,
initiative versus guilt is preschool, and industry versus inferiority is school age.
,3. A nurse is caring for a hospitalized 2-year-old child. The parent reports that the child has started
bedwetting again after being potty trained for several months. Which response by the nurse is most
appropriate?
A) "This is a sign of regression and is common during hospitalization."
B) "You should punish the child for this behavior to correct it."
C) "This means the child is not ready to be potty trained."
D) "You should restrict fluids after dinner to prevent this."
Correct Answer: "This is a sign of regression and is common during hospitalization."
Rationale: Regression is a normal, common stress response in children during hospitalization or
illness. Bedwetting may reoccur as a temporary coping mechanism. Punishment or restriction would
not address the underlying cause and may increase stress.
4. A nurse is assessing a 12-month-old infant. Which finding would require further evaluation?
A) Birth weight has tripled
B) Anterior fontanel is closed
C) Unable to walk independently
D) Unable to say any words
Correct Answer: Unable to say any words
Rationale: By 12 months, infants should be able to say one to two words (e.g., "mama," "dada"). The
anterior fontanel closes between 12 and 18 months. Walking independently may not occur until 15
months, and tripling of birth weight is expected by 12 months.
5. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, a 6-year-old child is in which stage?
A) Sensorimotor
B) Preoperational
C) Concrete operational
D) Formal operational
, Correct Answer: Preoperational
Rationale: The preoperational stage (ages 2 to 7 years) is characterized by egocentrism, magical
thinking, and the use of symbols and language. The sensorimotor stage is infancy, concrete
operational is school age, and formal operational is adolescence.
6. A nurse is teaching parents about the principles of family-centered care. Which statement by the
parents indicates an understanding of the concept?
A) "The healthcare team makes all decisions about our child's care."
B) "Our family is the constant in our child's life, and we are partners in care."
C) "We should leave the hospital room so the staff can care for our child."
D) "Our child's needs are the only ones that matter during hospitalization."
Correct Answer: "Our family is the constant in our child's life, and we are partners in care."
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child's life and establishes
a partnership between the healthcare team and the family. It supports, respects, and enhances the
family's competence and strength.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 2-month-old infant. Which vaccines should
the nurse anticipate administering?
A) DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV13, and Rotavirus
B) MMR and Varicella
C) DTaP, MMR, and IPV
D) Hib, PCV13, and Hepatitis A
Correct Answer: DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV13, and Rotavirus
Rationale: The recommended vaccines at 2 months of age include DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV13, and
Rotavirus. MMR and Varicella are given at 12 to 15 months, and Hepatitis A is given at 12 months. This
schedule is based on the CDC's immunization guidelines.
Galen College | 26/27|Guaranteed Pass
1. A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which developmental milestone
should the nurse expect the infant to have achieved?
A) Sitting independently without support
B) Rolling from front to back
C) Crawling on hands and knees
D) Pulling to a standing position
Correct Answer: Rolling from front to back
Rationale: Rolling over from front to back typically occurs around 4 months of age. Sitting
independently occurs around 6 to 8 months, crawling around 6 to 10 months, and pulling to stand
around 9 to 12 months. This milestone reflects the infant's developing gross motor skills and head
control.
2. According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, a toddler (ages 1 to 3 years) is in which
developmental stage?
A) Trust versus mistrust
B) Autonomy versus shame and doubt
C) Initiative versus guilt
D) Industry versus inferiority
Correct Answer: Autonomy versus shame and doubt
Rationale: Erikson's stage for toddlers (ages 1 to 3) is autonomy versus shame and doubt, where
children strive for independence and control over their environment. Trust versus mistrust is infancy,
initiative versus guilt is preschool, and industry versus inferiority is school age.
,3. A nurse is caring for a hospitalized 2-year-old child. The parent reports that the child has started
bedwetting again after being potty trained for several months. Which response by the nurse is most
appropriate?
A) "This is a sign of regression and is common during hospitalization."
B) "You should punish the child for this behavior to correct it."
C) "This means the child is not ready to be potty trained."
D) "You should restrict fluids after dinner to prevent this."
Correct Answer: "This is a sign of regression and is common during hospitalization."
Rationale: Regression is a normal, common stress response in children during hospitalization or
illness. Bedwetting may reoccur as a temporary coping mechanism. Punishment or restriction would
not address the underlying cause and may increase stress.
4. A nurse is assessing a 12-month-old infant. Which finding would require further evaluation?
A) Birth weight has tripled
B) Anterior fontanel is closed
C) Unable to walk independently
D) Unable to say any words
Correct Answer: Unable to say any words
Rationale: By 12 months, infants should be able to say one to two words (e.g., "mama," "dada"). The
anterior fontanel closes between 12 and 18 months. Walking independently may not occur until 15
months, and tripling of birth weight is expected by 12 months.
5. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, a 6-year-old child is in which stage?
A) Sensorimotor
B) Preoperational
C) Concrete operational
D) Formal operational
, Correct Answer: Preoperational
Rationale: The preoperational stage (ages 2 to 7 years) is characterized by egocentrism, magical
thinking, and the use of symbols and language. The sensorimotor stage is infancy, concrete
operational is school age, and formal operational is adolescence.
6. A nurse is teaching parents about the principles of family-centered care. Which statement by the
parents indicates an understanding of the concept?
A) "The healthcare team makes all decisions about our child's care."
B) "Our family is the constant in our child's life, and we are partners in care."
C) "We should leave the hospital room so the staff can care for our child."
D) "Our child's needs are the only ones that matter during hospitalization."
Correct Answer: "Our family is the constant in our child's life, and we are partners in care."
Rationale: Family-centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child's life and establishes
a partnership between the healthcare team and the family. It supports, respects, and enhances the
family's competence and strength.
7. A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 2-month-old infant. Which vaccines should
the nurse anticipate administering?
A) DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV13, and Rotavirus
B) MMR and Varicella
C) DTaP, MMR, and IPV
D) Hib, PCV13, and Hepatitis A
Correct Answer: DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV13, and Rotavirus
Rationale: The recommended vaccines at 2 months of age include DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV13, and
Rotavirus. MMR and Varicella are given at 12 to 15 months, and Hepatitis A is given at 12 months. This
schedule is based on the CDC's immunization guidelines.
