CHAPTER 04: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING PRACTICE {Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition}

C HAPTER 04: T HEORETICAL F OUNDATIONS
OF N URSING P RACTICE
Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th E dition



MULTIPLE CHOICE


1. Upon assessment, the nurse notices that the patient’s respirations have
increased, and the tip of the nose and earlobes are becoming cyanotic. The
nurse finds that the patient’s pulse rat e is over 100 beats per minute.
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which patient need should the
nurse address first?
a. Self-esteem
b. Physiological
c. Self-actualization
d. Love and belonging



ANS: B



Maslow’s hierarchy is useful in setting patient priorities . Basic
physiological and safet y needs are usually the first priorit y. After the
physiological and safet y needs are met, the nurse can move to love and
belonging, self -esteem, and self -actualization.



DIF: Appl y (application) OBJ: Review selected shared
theories from other disciplines. TOP: Implementation MSC:
Management of Care

,2. Which behavior demonstrated by a nurse indicates the nurse is using
Nightingale’s theory to plan nursing care?
a. Knows all about the disease processes affecting patients.
b. Focuses on medication administration and treatments.
c. Thinks about the patients and patients’ environments.
d. Considers nursing knowledge and medicine the same.



ANS: C



Nightingale’s theory provides nurses with a way to think about patients
and their environment. Nigh tingale’s concept of the environment was
the focus of nursing care, and her firm conviction was that nursing
knowledge is distinct from medical knowledge. Nightingale did not
view nursing as limited to the administration of medications and
treatments.



DIF: Understand (comprehension) OBJ: Describe theory-based
nursing practice. TOP: Planning MSC: Management of Care



3. The home health nurse listens to the patient’s concerns about having —
open-heart‖ surgery. The nurse explains the different surgical procedure s
and other options, like cardiac rehabilitation. After several visits, the
patient wants cardiac rehabilitation. The nurse notifies the health care
provider and sets up a referral. Which theory is the nurse using?
a. Peplau’s theory
b. Henderson’s theory
c. Nightingale’s theory
d. Orem’s self-care deficit theory



ANS: A

, Peplau’s theory focuses on the individual, the nurse, and the
interactive process or nurse-patient relationship. The nurse serves as a
resource person, counselor, and surrogate. Henderson’s theory foc uses
on helping the patient with activities that the patient would perform
unaided if he or she were able. Nightingale viewed nursing not as
limited to the administration of medications and treatments but rather
as oriented toward providing fresh air, ligh t, warmth, cleanliness,
quiet, and adequate nutrition. The goal of Orem’s theory is to help the
patient perform self -care.



DIF: Understand (comprehension) OBJ: Determine how to
appl y different nursing theories in different patient situations.
TOP: Implem entation MSC: Psychosocial Integrit y



4. The nurse is caring for a patient who is activel y bleeding. The health care
provider prescribes blood transfusions. The patient’s religious beliefs do
not allow the use of blood products. The nurse contacts the health care
provider to request alternative treatment. Which theory is the nurse using?
a. Roy’s theory
b. Leininger’s theory
c. Watson’s theory
d. Orem’s theory



ANS: B



The goal of Leininger’s theory is to provide the patient with culturall y
specific nursing care that inte grates the patient’s cultural traditions,
values, and beliefs into the plan of care. The goal of Roy’s model is to
help the person adapt to changes in physiological needs, self-concept,