WGU C180 EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!!!!
ALREADY GRADED A+
Classical conditioning - (ANSWER)Learning to associate 2 stimuli together, which leads to an organism
anticipating future events. Example: Ivan Paplov studied salivation in dogs as a precursor to digestion.
Unconditioned stimulus - (ANSWER)Stimulus that automatically triggers a response naturally. Unlearned.
Unconditioned response - (ANSWER)Naturally occuring, unlearned response to an unconditioned
stimulus. Unlearned.
Conditioned stimulus - (ANSWER)Originally neutral stimulus that triggers a response after an association
with an unconditioned stimulus is formed. Learned.
Conditioned response - (ANSWER)Learned response to a stimulus that was originally neutral, but is now
conditioned.
Extinction - (ANSWER)Occurs when the unconditioned stimulus is no linger paired with the conditioned
stimulus. Make the behavior go away.
Generalization - (ANSWER)Stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus will also elicit the conditioned
response. Avoid things that are similar to things that have hurt us.
Operant conditioning - (ANSWER)Controlling behavior through consequences. Behavior strengthened by
reinforcement and weakened by punishment.
Positive reinforcement - (ANSWER)Increases behavior by presenting a positive stimulus. Adding Example:
giving dog a treat to roll over
Negative reinforcement - (ANSWER)Increases behavior by stopping a negative stimulus. Subtracting
Example: you buy your child a toy in the store and he stops crying. This will increase your toy buying
behavior.
,WGU C180 EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!!!!
ALREADY GRADED A+
Primary reinforcer - (ANSWER)Does not have to be learned. Satisfies a biological need. Food. Water.
Similar to unconditioned stimuli.
Secondary reinforcer - (ANSWER)Has to be learned. These can get us the primary reinforcers. Good
grades. Money. Similar to conditioned stimuli.
Reinforcement schedules - (ANSWER)Continuous and partial
Continuous reinforcement - (ANSWER)A behavior is reinforced every time it occurs. For example if you
give your child a candy bar every time he cleans his room.
Partial reinforcement - (ANSWER)A behavior is reinforced only part of the time it occurs. Example: you
gave your child a candy bar every so often after he cleans his room. Note: this type of schedule is much
more difficult to extinguish
Partial reinforcement schedule types - (ANSWER)Ratio and Interval
Ratio - (ANSWER)Reinforcement that occurs after a number of responses occur - response
Interval - (ANSWER)Reinforcement occurs after an amount of time passes - time
Fixed-ratio - (ANSWER)A knowable pattern. You get your reinforcer after a specific number of responses.
For example: after purchasing five sandwiches, you get one free at your favorite deli
Variable-ratio - (ANSWER)Random pattern. You get your reinforcer after an unpredictable number of
responses occur. For example: playing the lottery; playing a slot machine
Fixed-interval - (ANSWER)After a specified amount of time has passed, you receive a reinforcer for your
response. Example: checking to see if your mail has come, a pay period.
, WGU C180 EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!!!!
ALREADY GRADED A+
Variable-interval - (ANSWER)A random amount of time has passed and you never know when you're
going to receive a reinforcer for your response. Example: checking your Facebook status for likes.
Checking your email. Note: variable schedules are much harder to stop once they have been put in place.
Positive punishment - (ANSWER)Adding something unpleasant to decrease or stop the behavior.
Example: corporal punishment; spraying water on the cat.
Negative punishment - (ANSWER)Stop the behavior by the subtraction of something positive. For
example: you come in late after curfew and your parents take away your car keys.
Observational learning - (ANSWER)Learning by observing others who are modeling behaviors.
Vicarious reinforcement - (ANSWER)Watching others receive reinforcement for their behavior. Example:
watching a movie in which a criminal is rewarded with money for committing a crime.
Vicarious punishment - (ANSWER)Watching someone receive a punishment for their behavior. Example:
watching a movie in which a criminal goes to jail for committing a crime.
Social psychology - (ANSWER)Social psychologists focus on how the situation contributes to our behavior.
It is a blend of sociology and psychology and focuses on how individuals change when they're in the
presence of others and certainly in the presence of groups.
attribution theory - (ANSWER)We may attribute behavior to the persons personality (dispositional
attribution) or... or we can attribute it to the situation or surroundings (situational attribution).
Fundamental attribution error - (ANSWER)This occurs when we over estimate a persons disposition and
under estimate the situation. Example: what do we think of parents who yell at their children in public?
Cognitive dissonance - (ANSWER)And uncomfortable feeling that occurs when your attitude and your
behaviors are in congruent. This could include rationalization. This could also include a revision of your
memories of an event. This is when you are judging yourself for an error you have made. For example:
losing your child at the zoo
ALREADY GRADED A+
Classical conditioning - (ANSWER)Learning to associate 2 stimuli together, which leads to an organism
anticipating future events. Example: Ivan Paplov studied salivation in dogs as a precursor to digestion.
Unconditioned stimulus - (ANSWER)Stimulus that automatically triggers a response naturally. Unlearned.
Unconditioned response - (ANSWER)Naturally occuring, unlearned response to an unconditioned
stimulus. Unlearned.
Conditioned stimulus - (ANSWER)Originally neutral stimulus that triggers a response after an association
with an unconditioned stimulus is formed. Learned.
Conditioned response - (ANSWER)Learned response to a stimulus that was originally neutral, but is now
conditioned.
Extinction - (ANSWER)Occurs when the unconditioned stimulus is no linger paired with the conditioned
stimulus. Make the behavior go away.
Generalization - (ANSWER)Stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus will also elicit the conditioned
response. Avoid things that are similar to things that have hurt us.
Operant conditioning - (ANSWER)Controlling behavior through consequences. Behavior strengthened by
reinforcement and weakened by punishment.
Positive reinforcement - (ANSWER)Increases behavior by presenting a positive stimulus. Adding Example:
giving dog a treat to roll over
Negative reinforcement - (ANSWER)Increases behavior by stopping a negative stimulus. Subtracting
Example: you buy your child a toy in the store and he stops crying. This will increase your toy buying
behavior.
,WGU C180 EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!!!!
ALREADY GRADED A+
Primary reinforcer - (ANSWER)Does not have to be learned. Satisfies a biological need. Food. Water.
Similar to unconditioned stimuli.
Secondary reinforcer - (ANSWER)Has to be learned. These can get us the primary reinforcers. Good
grades. Money. Similar to conditioned stimuli.
Reinforcement schedules - (ANSWER)Continuous and partial
Continuous reinforcement - (ANSWER)A behavior is reinforced every time it occurs. For example if you
give your child a candy bar every time he cleans his room.
Partial reinforcement - (ANSWER)A behavior is reinforced only part of the time it occurs. Example: you
gave your child a candy bar every so often after he cleans his room. Note: this type of schedule is much
more difficult to extinguish
Partial reinforcement schedule types - (ANSWER)Ratio and Interval
Ratio - (ANSWER)Reinforcement that occurs after a number of responses occur - response
Interval - (ANSWER)Reinforcement occurs after an amount of time passes - time
Fixed-ratio - (ANSWER)A knowable pattern. You get your reinforcer after a specific number of responses.
For example: after purchasing five sandwiches, you get one free at your favorite deli
Variable-ratio - (ANSWER)Random pattern. You get your reinforcer after an unpredictable number of
responses occur. For example: playing the lottery; playing a slot machine
Fixed-interval - (ANSWER)After a specified amount of time has passed, you receive a reinforcer for your
response. Example: checking to see if your mail has come, a pay period.
, WGU C180 EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED!!!!
ALREADY GRADED A+
Variable-interval - (ANSWER)A random amount of time has passed and you never know when you're
going to receive a reinforcer for your response. Example: checking your Facebook status for likes.
Checking your email. Note: variable schedules are much harder to stop once they have been put in place.
Positive punishment - (ANSWER)Adding something unpleasant to decrease or stop the behavior.
Example: corporal punishment; spraying water on the cat.
Negative punishment - (ANSWER)Stop the behavior by the subtraction of something positive. For
example: you come in late after curfew and your parents take away your car keys.
Observational learning - (ANSWER)Learning by observing others who are modeling behaviors.
Vicarious reinforcement - (ANSWER)Watching others receive reinforcement for their behavior. Example:
watching a movie in which a criminal is rewarded with money for committing a crime.
Vicarious punishment - (ANSWER)Watching someone receive a punishment for their behavior. Example:
watching a movie in which a criminal goes to jail for committing a crime.
Social psychology - (ANSWER)Social psychologists focus on how the situation contributes to our behavior.
It is a blend of sociology and psychology and focuses on how individuals change when they're in the
presence of others and certainly in the presence of groups.
attribution theory - (ANSWER)We may attribute behavior to the persons personality (dispositional
attribution) or... or we can attribute it to the situation or surroundings (situational attribution).
Fundamental attribution error - (ANSWER)This occurs when we over estimate a persons disposition and
under estimate the situation. Example: what do we think of parents who yell at their children in public?
Cognitive dissonance - (ANSWER)And uncomfortable feeling that occurs when your attitude and your
behaviors are in congruent. This could include rationalization. This could also include a revision of your
memories of an event. This is when you are judging yourself for an error you have made. For example:
losing your child at the zoo
