MCB 100 UIUC EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ACCURATE
ANSWERS
How do humans acquire this disease? (Histoplasma capsulatum)
-This is a disease of old age. People under 60 years old are rarely affected.
-This disease is most commonly acquired by inhalation.
-This disease is highly contagious and readily passed from person to person by
coughing/sneezing.
-This disease is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. - Answers - This disease is most
commonly acquired by inhalation.
Choose from the following statements the ones that correctly discuss reproduction using
binary fission in a bacterial cell. - Answers - -Each daughter cell is an exact copy of the
other, both genetically and morphologically.
-Due to the stretching of the cytoplasmic membrane, both cells will contain a complete
genome.
Choose the characteristics that separate the archaea from other prokaryotic cells. -
Answers - -Archaea lack true peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
-The cytoplasmic membrane lipids of archaea have branched or ringform hydrocarbon
chains.
Which of the following characteristics would NOT be used to aid in classifying a newly
discovered bacterial species? - Answers - Cellular Size
A bacterial species with spherical cells that have random planes of cell division will form
which of the following arrangements? - Answers - Staphylococci
In which of the following methods of prokaryotic reproduction does the parental cell
remain intact after the reproduction event to continue the process? - Answers - Budding
Which of the following correctly describes the function of bacterial endospores? -
Answers - Endospores are produced as resting stages of the bacterium that can survive
inhospitable conditions.
What are flexible, spiral-shaped bacteria called? - Answers - Spirochetes
What type of arrangement occurs when bacilli divide by snapping division? - Answers -
Palisades and V-shapes
,True or False: Various species of Streptomyces are important sources of antibiotics. -
Answers - True
True or False: Bacteria in the genus Cytophaga are capable of digesting a wide range
of complex carbohydrates and are important for degrading raw sewage. - Answers -
True
Which of the following is CORRECT about the prokaryotes known as deeply branching
bacteria? - Answers - They are commonly found in acidic, anaerobic conditions.
Which of the following bacterial genera plays an important role in environmental
nitrogen cycles? - Answers - -Nitrobacter
-Rhizobium
-Azospirillum
Gram-negative bacteria in the genus ________ prey on other Gram-negative bacteria. -
Answers - Bdellovibrio
Which of the following bacterial genera includes species that protect areas of the body
such as the intestinal tract and the vagina from invasion by pathogens? - Answers -
Lactobacillus
Which genus of high G + C Gram-positive bacteria synthesize antimicrobials such as
chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline? - Answers - Streptomyces
Which of the following is NOT a property of Lactobacilli? - Answers - They are members
of the high G + C Gram-positive bacteria.
Which of the following statements is false?
-The grouping of microorganisms in a phylogenetic scheme that is based on nucleic
acid sequence data is not always the same as the grouping of microorganisms in a
taxonomic scheme based on morphological traits.
-The cells of prokaryotic organisms are divided into compartments by internal
membranes.
In the most popular current phylogenetic scheme, prokaryotic organisms are divided
into 2 domains called Bacteria and Archaea.
-Most if not all of the chemoautotrophic organisms on Earth are prokaryotes.
-The cells of prokaryotic microorganisms contain 70S ribosomes and most have circular
chromosomes. - Answers - The cells of prokaryotic organisms are divided into
compartments by internal membranes.
When Pseudomonas aeruginosa is grown in LB under aerobic conditions and then
stained for biofilm formation the results are a ring as shown for the left tube. When the
bacteria are grown anaerobically in the presence of arginine (Arg), the results on the
right are obtained. Which statement best explains the observed results? (there was a
picture here)
,-Arg caused the P. aeruginosa bacteria to lyse under anaerobic conditions and all the
polysaccharide slime coated the tube wall.
-Arg stimulated the P. aeruginosa bacteria to make much more polysaccharide slime
that coated the tube wall.
-The Arg dissolved the polysaccharide into hydrophobic layers that coated the tube wall.
-The P. aeruginosa bacteria used Arg to grow anaerobically, so that it no longer had to
grow at the air-liquid interface, which allowed it to form a biofilm all over the tube wall.
-The hydrophobic Arg in the medium coated the tube wall and was sta - Answers - The
P. aeruginosa bacteria used Arg to grow anaerobically, so that it no longer had to grow
at the air-liquid interface, which allowed it to form a biofilm all over the tube wall.
Why do doctors caution patients who are pregnant to avoid deli meats, cold cuts, and
soft cheeses?
-Fermentation of those food by Listeria will cause nausea.
-The Listeria bacteria can make these foods taste sour.
-The Listeria bacteria can degrade the nutrients in the food.
-These foods are soft and easy for the bacteria to spread throughout.
-The Listeria bacteria can easily grow in the uncooked food stored in the refrigerator. -
Answers - -These foods are soft and easy for the bacteria to spread throughout.
-The Listeria bacteria can easily grow in the uncooked food stored in the refrigerator.
(2 answer trick question)
Listeria virulence is directly related to its ability to
-produce powerful toxins that lyse eukaryotic cells.
-form resistant endospores that can withstand harsh chemical environments.
-live within cells and thus avoid exposure to the immune system of its host.
-move rapidly through the body using multiple flagella called comet tails.
-resist most antimicrobial agents due to resistant cell walls. - Answers - live within cells
and thus avoid exposure to the immune system of its host.
A twenty-year-old patient exhibiting headache, stiff neck, vomiting, and convulsions has
Gram-negative diplococcal bacteria in her spinal fluid. The nurse practitioner will likely
diagnose infection with
Cryptococcus.
Haemophilus.
Streptococcus.
Neisseria. - Answers - Neisseria
A patient diagnosed with bacterial meningitis likely was infected through
the respiratory route
the digestive system
, sexual activity
the skin - Answers - the respiratory route
Protection against Neisseria or Haemophilus meningitis can be provided by
antimicrobials.
vaccines.
healthy carriers.
serological tests. - Answers - vaccines.
Which of the following does not play a role in diagnosing meningitis?
Gram stain
cerebrospinal fluid
spinal tap
sputum sample - Answers - sputum sample
Which of the following tests would be useful in identifying Escherichia coli?
-E. coli is a Gram-negative diplococcus that ferments lactose and glucose, but not
sucrose. It is motile and breaks down citrate. It cannot produce urease.
-E. coli is a Gram-negative bacillus that ferments lactose and glucose, but not sucrose.
It is motile and does not utilize citrate or urea.
-E. coli is a Gram-negative bacillus that ferments glucose and sucrose, but not lactose.
It is motile and does not utilize citrate or urea.
-E. coli is a Gram-negative bacillus that ferments glucose and sucrose, but not lactose.
It is nonmotile and can produce urease, but it does not utilize citrate. - Answers - E. coli
is a Gram-negative bacillus that ferments lactose and glucose, but not sucrose. It is
motile and does not utilize citrate or urea.
Why were corticosteroids contraindicated in this case?
-Corticosteroids increase the permeability of blood vessels, causing tissue swelling.
-Corticosteroids produce bronchoconstriction.
-Corticosteroids are immunosuppressive.
-Corticosteroids are a type of antibiotic. - Answers - Corticosteroids are
immunosuppressive.
Further testing reveals this is a strain of E. coli O157:H7. What virulence factor
produced by this strain could cause the heart and lung damage observed in this case?
endospores
Shiga-like toxin
enterotoxin
flagella - Answers - Shiga-like toxin
The Texas Department of Health has isolated Yersinia pestis from wood rats and prairie
dogs in West Texas and the Texas panhandle. In addition to the fever, chills, and
ANSWERS
How do humans acquire this disease? (Histoplasma capsulatum)
-This is a disease of old age. People under 60 years old are rarely affected.
-This disease is most commonly acquired by inhalation.
-This disease is highly contagious and readily passed from person to person by
coughing/sneezing.
-This disease is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. - Answers - This disease is most
commonly acquired by inhalation.
Choose from the following statements the ones that correctly discuss reproduction using
binary fission in a bacterial cell. - Answers - -Each daughter cell is an exact copy of the
other, both genetically and morphologically.
-Due to the stretching of the cytoplasmic membrane, both cells will contain a complete
genome.
Choose the characteristics that separate the archaea from other prokaryotic cells. -
Answers - -Archaea lack true peptidoglycan in their cell walls.
-The cytoplasmic membrane lipids of archaea have branched or ringform hydrocarbon
chains.
Which of the following characteristics would NOT be used to aid in classifying a newly
discovered bacterial species? - Answers - Cellular Size
A bacterial species with spherical cells that have random planes of cell division will form
which of the following arrangements? - Answers - Staphylococci
In which of the following methods of prokaryotic reproduction does the parental cell
remain intact after the reproduction event to continue the process? - Answers - Budding
Which of the following correctly describes the function of bacterial endospores? -
Answers - Endospores are produced as resting stages of the bacterium that can survive
inhospitable conditions.
What are flexible, spiral-shaped bacteria called? - Answers - Spirochetes
What type of arrangement occurs when bacilli divide by snapping division? - Answers -
Palisades and V-shapes
,True or False: Various species of Streptomyces are important sources of antibiotics. -
Answers - True
True or False: Bacteria in the genus Cytophaga are capable of digesting a wide range
of complex carbohydrates and are important for degrading raw sewage. - Answers -
True
Which of the following is CORRECT about the prokaryotes known as deeply branching
bacteria? - Answers - They are commonly found in acidic, anaerobic conditions.
Which of the following bacterial genera plays an important role in environmental
nitrogen cycles? - Answers - -Nitrobacter
-Rhizobium
-Azospirillum
Gram-negative bacteria in the genus ________ prey on other Gram-negative bacteria. -
Answers - Bdellovibrio
Which of the following bacterial genera includes species that protect areas of the body
such as the intestinal tract and the vagina from invasion by pathogens? - Answers -
Lactobacillus
Which genus of high G + C Gram-positive bacteria synthesize antimicrobials such as
chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline? - Answers - Streptomyces
Which of the following is NOT a property of Lactobacilli? - Answers - They are members
of the high G + C Gram-positive bacteria.
Which of the following statements is false?
-The grouping of microorganisms in a phylogenetic scheme that is based on nucleic
acid sequence data is not always the same as the grouping of microorganisms in a
taxonomic scheme based on morphological traits.
-The cells of prokaryotic organisms are divided into compartments by internal
membranes.
In the most popular current phylogenetic scheme, prokaryotic organisms are divided
into 2 domains called Bacteria and Archaea.
-Most if not all of the chemoautotrophic organisms on Earth are prokaryotes.
-The cells of prokaryotic microorganisms contain 70S ribosomes and most have circular
chromosomes. - Answers - The cells of prokaryotic organisms are divided into
compartments by internal membranes.
When Pseudomonas aeruginosa is grown in LB under aerobic conditions and then
stained for biofilm formation the results are a ring as shown for the left tube. When the
bacteria are grown anaerobically in the presence of arginine (Arg), the results on the
right are obtained. Which statement best explains the observed results? (there was a
picture here)
,-Arg caused the P. aeruginosa bacteria to lyse under anaerobic conditions and all the
polysaccharide slime coated the tube wall.
-Arg stimulated the P. aeruginosa bacteria to make much more polysaccharide slime
that coated the tube wall.
-The Arg dissolved the polysaccharide into hydrophobic layers that coated the tube wall.
-The P. aeruginosa bacteria used Arg to grow anaerobically, so that it no longer had to
grow at the air-liquid interface, which allowed it to form a biofilm all over the tube wall.
-The hydrophobic Arg in the medium coated the tube wall and was sta - Answers - The
P. aeruginosa bacteria used Arg to grow anaerobically, so that it no longer had to grow
at the air-liquid interface, which allowed it to form a biofilm all over the tube wall.
Why do doctors caution patients who are pregnant to avoid deli meats, cold cuts, and
soft cheeses?
-Fermentation of those food by Listeria will cause nausea.
-The Listeria bacteria can make these foods taste sour.
-The Listeria bacteria can degrade the nutrients in the food.
-These foods are soft and easy for the bacteria to spread throughout.
-The Listeria bacteria can easily grow in the uncooked food stored in the refrigerator. -
Answers - -These foods are soft and easy for the bacteria to spread throughout.
-The Listeria bacteria can easily grow in the uncooked food stored in the refrigerator.
(2 answer trick question)
Listeria virulence is directly related to its ability to
-produce powerful toxins that lyse eukaryotic cells.
-form resistant endospores that can withstand harsh chemical environments.
-live within cells and thus avoid exposure to the immune system of its host.
-move rapidly through the body using multiple flagella called comet tails.
-resist most antimicrobial agents due to resistant cell walls. - Answers - live within cells
and thus avoid exposure to the immune system of its host.
A twenty-year-old patient exhibiting headache, stiff neck, vomiting, and convulsions has
Gram-negative diplococcal bacteria in her spinal fluid. The nurse practitioner will likely
diagnose infection with
Cryptococcus.
Haemophilus.
Streptococcus.
Neisseria. - Answers - Neisseria
A patient diagnosed with bacterial meningitis likely was infected through
the respiratory route
the digestive system
, sexual activity
the skin - Answers - the respiratory route
Protection against Neisseria or Haemophilus meningitis can be provided by
antimicrobials.
vaccines.
healthy carriers.
serological tests. - Answers - vaccines.
Which of the following does not play a role in diagnosing meningitis?
Gram stain
cerebrospinal fluid
spinal tap
sputum sample - Answers - sputum sample
Which of the following tests would be useful in identifying Escherichia coli?
-E. coli is a Gram-negative diplococcus that ferments lactose and glucose, but not
sucrose. It is motile and breaks down citrate. It cannot produce urease.
-E. coli is a Gram-negative bacillus that ferments lactose and glucose, but not sucrose.
It is motile and does not utilize citrate or urea.
-E. coli is a Gram-negative bacillus that ferments glucose and sucrose, but not lactose.
It is motile and does not utilize citrate or urea.
-E. coli is a Gram-negative bacillus that ferments glucose and sucrose, but not lactose.
It is nonmotile and can produce urease, but it does not utilize citrate. - Answers - E. coli
is a Gram-negative bacillus that ferments lactose and glucose, but not sucrose. It is
motile and does not utilize citrate or urea.
Why were corticosteroids contraindicated in this case?
-Corticosteroids increase the permeability of blood vessels, causing tissue swelling.
-Corticosteroids produce bronchoconstriction.
-Corticosteroids are immunosuppressive.
-Corticosteroids are a type of antibiotic. - Answers - Corticosteroids are
immunosuppressive.
Further testing reveals this is a strain of E. coli O157:H7. What virulence factor
produced by this strain could cause the heart and lung damage observed in this case?
endospores
Shiga-like toxin
enterotoxin
flagella - Answers - Shiga-like toxin
The Texas Department of Health has isolated Yersinia pestis from wood rats and prairie
dogs in West Texas and the Texas panhandle. In addition to the fever, chills, and
