MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS 3RD EDITION
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION TEST COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Which elements make up the macromolecule of DNA?
Answer: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and hydrogen
◉ What is the structure of DNA?
Answer: phosphorylated ribose sugar (deoxy ribose) backbone with
a nitrogenous base (guanine, adenine, cytosine, thymine) two
strands joined together through hydrogen bonds form a double helix
◉ What type of bond joins two nucleotides?
Answer: phosphodiester bond
◉ nucleotide
Answer: a nucleic acid with a phosphorylated ribose sugar and a
nitrogen base, triphosphate
◉ nuclein
Answer: viscous substance isolated from nuclei, discovered by
Miescher and later found to be DNA
,◉ nitrogen base
Answer: a carbon-nitrogen ring structure that is part of a nucleoside
◉ deoxyribose
Answer: ribose without a hydroxyl group on the carbon in position 2
on the sugar ring, with a hydroxyl group on the third carbon which is
important for phosphodester bond formation
◉ The. sequence is the ________ of nucleotides.
Answer: order
◉ nucleoside
Answer: ribose sugar (unphosphorylated sugar) + nitrogenous base,
adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, thymidine
◉ purine
Answer: adenine, guanine (think Ag gold is pure, still has ring
formation) double ring structure
◉ pyrimidine
Answer: cytosine, uracil, thymine (think CUT, ring structure has been
"cut") single-ring
, ◉ Does adenine thymine pairing or cytosine guanine pairing have
three hydrogen bonds?
Answer: cytosine + guanine (think c&g closer in alphabet, closer in
space)
◉ Which carbon on the deoxy ribose sugar forms a phosphodiester
bond? Which catbon is the phosphate group attached to? What is
this process called?
Answer: the third carbon, the fifth carbon, DNA polymerization
◉ What is the difference between B-form, A-form, and Z-form DNA?
Answer: B- hydrated, 10.5 steps, right handed
A- dehydrated, 11 steps, right handed
Z- torsional stress, 12 steps, left handed
◉ What is the directionality of DNA? What is the directionality of the
complementary strand? What is the orientation of DNA?
Answer: 5' to 3', 3' to 5', antiparallel
◉ hybridization
Answer: formation of hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION TEST COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
◉ Which elements make up the macromolecule of DNA?
Answer: carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and hydrogen
◉ What is the structure of DNA?
Answer: phosphorylated ribose sugar (deoxy ribose) backbone with
a nitrogenous base (guanine, adenine, cytosine, thymine) two
strands joined together through hydrogen bonds form a double helix
◉ What type of bond joins two nucleotides?
Answer: phosphodiester bond
◉ nucleotide
Answer: a nucleic acid with a phosphorylated ribose sugar and a
nitrogen base, triphosphate
◉ nuclein
Answer: viscous substance isolated from nuclei, discovered by
Miescher and later found to be DNA
,◉ nitrogen base
Answer: a carbon-nitrogen ring structure that is part of a nucleoside
◉ deoxyribose
Answer: ribose without a hydroxyl group on the carbon in position 2
on the sugar ring, with a hydroxyl group on the third carbon which is
important for phosphodester bond formation
◉ The. sequence is the ________ of nucleotides.
Answer: order
◉ nucleoside
Answer: ribose sugar (unphosphorylated sugar) + nitrogenous base,
adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, thymidine
◉ purine
Answer: adenine, guanine (think Ag gold is pure, still has ring
formation) double ring structure
◉ pyrimidine
Answer: cytosine, uracil, thymine (think CUT, ring structure has been
"cut") single-ring
, ◉ Does adenine thymine pairing or cytosine guanine pairing have
three hydrogen bonds?
Answer: cytosine + guanine (think c&g closer in alphabet, closer in
space)
◉ Which carbon on the deoxy ribose sugar forms a phosphodiester
bond? Which catbon is the phosphate group attached to? What is
this process called?
Answer: the third carbon, the fifth carbon, DNA polymerization
◉ What is the difference between B-form, A-form, and Z-form DNA?
Answer: B- hydrated, 10.5 steps, right handed
A- dehydrated, 11 steps, right handed
Z- torsional stress, 12 steps, left handed
◉ What is the directionality of DNA? What is the directionality of the
complementary strand? What is the orientation of DNA?
Answer: 5' to 3', 3' to 5', antiparallel
◉ hybridization
Answer: formation of hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA
