PSYCH 1020 Exam 3 with Complete
Solutions
Cognitive psychology - ANS-understanding the process of information in the human
brain rather than focusing only on the relationship of environmental events and behavior
HIP Model - ANS-studies thoughts NOT emotions
Sensory Information Store (SIS) - ANS-here and gone, brief, about 1/2 second
Short Term Memory (STM) - ANS-about 7 item, active thoughts
Attentional Processing - ANS-processing an event within the first second after it is
captured by sensory storage, can be stored in STM
Long Term Memory (LTM) - ANS-information from STM will move to LTM if the
information is well organized
When asked for 1 row to be reported back, instead of all of it, from the Sperling and
Partial Report Superiority (ICON) what percentage of items could reported back? - ANS-
90%
ICON properties - ANS-short duration, huge capacity, maskable, visual
How much goes into ICON? - ANS-Everything we see goes in, but we decide what is
thought about
Why is ICON maskable? - ANS-New information replaces old information
Aspects of attention - ANS-selectivity, concentration, mental effort
Selectivity (attention) - ANS-you choose what you are paying attention to
Concentration (attention) - ANS-you can pay attention for a certain length of time, but
the longer you pay attention the harder it gets to sustain that attention
Mental Effort (attention) - ANS-connected to concentration, if the activity takes more
mental effort then the burnout is higher
One of the first bottleneck models? - ANS-Broadbent's Filter Model
, Broadbent's Filter Model used what type of listening - ANS-dichotic
What is dichotic listening? - ANS-a task in which people wearing headphones hear
different messages presented to each ear
What does Broadbent's Filter Model suggest? - ANS-Many sensory inputs can be
received, but only one can enter pattern recognition stage.
What does Broadbent's Filter Model theorize? - ANS-early selection model (perceptual
filter)
What is the Perceptual Filter? - ANS-filtering based off of physical properties of
stimulus.
When does filtering occur? - ANS-prior to pattern recognition state for processing.
In Broadbent's Filter Model attention is directed to... - ANS-information that leads to a
shift in attention.
How many input channels can be processed at a time? - ANS-One
Why can both inputs not be listened to at the same time? (Broadbent's Filter Model) -
ANS-It takes time to shift attention between the two inputs.
What were the results of Broadbent's Split Span Experiment? - ANS-In Condition 1
(recall in any order) 65% was answered correctly. In Condition 2 (recall in order) 20%
was answered correctly.
What was the interpretation of Broadbent's experiments? - ANS-It takes time to switch
between channels. If the interval is too short there is not enough time to switch back
and forth. It is easier when you do not have to switch between two channels.
What was the exception to Broadbent's experiments? - ANS-The Cocktail Party
Phenomenon.
What is the Cocktail Party Phenomenon? - ANS-Subjects often hear their names when
presented through unattended channels.
What is Treisman's Attenuation Model? - ANS-It found that contextual effects of
language would cause subjects to report words from unattended channels.
According to the Deuch-Norman Memory Selection when does bottleneck occur? -
ANS-After a pattern of recognition.
Solutions
Cognitive psychology - ANS-understanding the process of information in the human
brain rather than focusing only on the relationship of environmental events and behavior
HIP Model - ANS-studies thoughts NOT emotions
Sensory Information Store (SIS) - ANS-here and gone, brief, about 1/2 second
Short Term Memory (STM) - ANS-about 7 item, active thoughts
Attentional Processing - ANS-processing an event within the first second after it is
captured by sensory storage, can be stored in STM
Long Term Memory (LTM) - ANS-information from STM will move to LTM if the
information is well organized
When asked for 1 row to be reported back, instead of all of it, from the Sperling and
Partial Report Superiority (ICON) what percentage of items could reported back? - ANS-
90%
ICON properties - ANS-short duration, huge capacity, maskable, visual
How much goes into ICON? - ANS-Everything we see goes in, but we decide what is
thought about
Why is ICON maskable? - ANS-New information replaces old information
Aspects of attention - ANS-selectivity, concentration, mental effort
Selectivity (attention) - ANS-you choose what you are paying attention to
Concentration (attention) - ANS-you can pay attention for a certain length of time, but
the longer you pay attention the harder it gets to sustain that attention
Mental Effort (attention) - ANS-connected to concentration, if the activity takes more
mental effort then the burnout is higher
One of the first bottleneck models? - ANS-Broadbent's Filter Model
, Broadbent's Filter Model used what type of listening - ANS-dichotic
What is dichotic listening? - ANS-a task in which people wearing headphones hear
different messages presented to each ear
What does Broadbent's Filter Model suggest? - ANS-Many sensory inputs can be
received, but only one can enter pattern recognition stage.
What does Broadbent's Filter Model theorize? - ANS-early selection model (perceptual
filter)
What is the Perceptual Filter? - ANS-filtering based off of physical properties of
stimulus.
When does filtering occur? - ANS-prior to pattern recognition state for processing.
In Broadbent's Filter Model attention is directed to... - ANS-information that leads to a
shift in attention.
How many input channels can be processed at a time? - ANS-One
Why can both inputs not be listened to at the same time? (Broadbent's Filter Model) -
ANS-It takes time to shift attention between the two inputs.
What were the results of Broadbent's Split Span Experiment? - ANS-In Condition 1
(recall in any order) 65% was answered correctly. In Condition 2 (recall in order) 20%
was answered correctly.
What was the interpretation of Broadbent's experiments? - ANS-It takes time to switch
between channels. If the interval is too short there is not enough time to switch back
and forth. It is easier when you do not have to switch between two channels.
What was the exception to Broadbent's experiments? - ANS-The Cocktail Party
Phenomenon.
What is the Cocktail Party Phenomenon? - ANS-Subjects often hear their names when
presented through unattended channels.
What is Treisman's Attenuation Model? - ANS-It found that contextual effects of
language would cause subjects to report words from unattended channels.
According to the Deuch-Norman Memory Selection when does bottleneck occur? -
ANS-After a pattern of recognition.
