psyc 1020 Exam 3 with Accurate
Solutions
Short term memory performance is related to one's - ANS-reading rate (i.e., how many
words are read per second on average) and retrieval rate (i.e., amount of time between
successive numbers recalled in a serial recall task)
Which of the following tasks involves someone receiving separate messages to each
ear and paying attention to one of those messages? - ANS-dichotic listening
When pairs of words are presented dichotomously via headphones (i.e., one word to the
right ear, and the other word to the left ear), followed by free recall, one observes -
ANS-a right ear advantage (ie more words are recalled when they are presented to the
right ear than the left ear)
In a dichotomous listening tract, which of the following words would most likely be
reported as being heard in the unattended ear? - ANS-hearing one's name presented to
that ear once
Regarding early and late models of attentional selection, suppose that one selects
"early" for a target message and against a distracter message. What characteristics of
the unattended (i.e., distracter) message would that person be expected to report? -
ANS-basic physical properties (e.g., sex of speaker, loudness of message)
Regarding attentional selection, and as determined via the dual task procedure, the
________ one selects information for processing in short term working memory, the
more cognitive resources are needed. - ANS-later
Using the serial recall task, Miller (1956) estimated the capacity of ________ memory to
be 7 plus or minus 2 chunks of information. - ANS-short term memory
negative priming occurs when - ANS-an ignored stimulus on Trial 1 takes longer to
respond to on Trial 2 than if it was not previously ignored
The _________is a brain structure that has been hypothesized to help resolve response
competition. - ANS-anterior cingulate
In the typical serial position curve for verbally presented words, the ________ portion of
the recall curve is usually attributed to information that is stored in long term memory. -
ANS-primacy
, Which of the following is not a component of Baddely's working memory model? - ANS-
semantic network
In the long-term memory model proposed by McClelland, McNaughton, and O'Reilly
(1995), ________ of arbitrary associations is supported by the hippocampus, whereas
more _______ is occurs in the neocortex. - ANS-rapid learning; gradual learning
Suppose that one conducts a free recall experiment with two conditions. In each
condition, the experimenter presents subjects with a spoken list of 15 words, and
subjects free recall the words immediately after the last item is spoken. In the control
condition, words are spoken at a slow rate of 2 sec. per item, and in the experimental
condition, the rate is much faster (500 ms per item). Compared to the control condition,
the probability of recall will drop most for which part of the list in the experimental
condition? - ANS-the early part
When shown a picture of a human face, an infant may gaze at that picture for a while,
but over time, (s)he will tend to ____________ and decrease the amount of time spent
gazing at the picture. - ANS-habituate
Based on the information provided in lecture, which of the following groups would you
predict shows the worst memory for very recent events? - ANS-individuals with
alzheimer's disease
_________ describes how perception is influenced by one's knowledge or by
information that has been activated in memory. - ANS-top-down processing
In a recognition memory experiment where pictures and words were studied and tested,
Park and Rugg (2008) observed a strong congruency effect. Specifically, at test, words
were better recognized when they were studied as words than when they were studied
as pictures, and pictures were better recognized when they studied as pictures than
when they were studied as words. For pictures, more activity at recall was recorded
between congruent and incongruent conditions in - ANS-a subarea associated with
picture processing
Suppose that a 60-year old patient experienced severe irreversible hippocampal
damage in 2000. She would likely show the best memory for events that happened in -
ANS-1980
In the long-term memory model proposed by McClelland, McNaughton, and O'Reilly
(1995), the rapid learning mechanism is associated with which of the following brain
structures? - ANS-hippocampus
According to lecture, which of the following leads to the best long-term retention of
course material? - ANS-a cumulative final exam
Solutions
Short term memory performance is related to one's - ANS-reading rate (i.e., how many
words are read per second on average) and retrieval rate (i.e., amount of time between
successive numbers recalled in a serial recall task)
Which of the following tasks involves someone receiving separate messages to each
ear and paying attention to one of those messages? - ANS-dichotic listening
When pairs of words are presented dichotomously via headphones (i.e., one word to the
right ear, and the other word to the left ear), followed by free recall, one observes -
ANS-a right ear advantage (ie more words are recalled when they are presented to the
right ear than the left ear)
In a dichotomous listening tract, which of the following words would most likely be
reported as being heard in the unattended ear? - ANS-hearing one's name presented to
that ear once
Regarding early and late models of attentional selection, suppose that one selects
"early" for a target message and against a distracter message. What characteristics of
the unattended (i.e., distracter) message would that person be expected to report? -
ANS-basic physical properties (e.g., sex of speaker, loudness of message)
Regarding attentional selection, and as determined via the dual task procedure, the
________ one selects information for processing in short term working memory, the
more cognitive resources are needed. - ANS-later
Using the serial recall task, Miller (1956) estimated the capacity of ________ memory to
be 7 plus or minus 2 chunks of information. - ANS-short term memory
negative priming occurs when - ANS-an ignored stimulus on Trial 1 takes longer to
respond to on Trial 2 than if it was not previously ignored
The _________is a brain structure that has been hypothesized to help resolve response
competition. - ANS-anterior cingulate
In the typical serial position curve for verbally presented words, the ________ portion of
the recall curve is usually attributed to information that is stored in long term memory. -
ANS-primacy
, Which of the following is not a component of Baddely's working memory model? - ANS-
semantic network
In the long-term memory model proposed by McClelland, McNaughton, and O'Reilly
(1995), ________ of arbitrary associations is supported by the hippocampus, whereas
more _______ is occurs in the neocortex. - ANS-rapid learning; gradual learning
Suppose that one conducts a free recall experiment with two conditions. In each
condition, the experimenter presents subjects with a spoken list of 15 words, and
subjects free recall the words immediately after the last item is spoken. In the control
condition, words are spoken at a slow rate of 2 sec. per item, and in the experimental
condition, the rate is much faster (500 ms per item). Compared to the control condition,
the probability of recall will drop most for which part of the list in the experimental
condition? - ANS-the early part
When shown a picture of a human face, an infant may gaze at that picture for a while,
but over time, (s)he will tend to ____________ and decrease the amount of time spent
gazing at the picture. - ANS-habituate
Based on the information provided in lecture, which of the following groups would you
predict shows the worst memory for very recent events? - ANS-individuals with
alzheimer's disease
_________ describes how perception is influenced by one's knowledge or by
information that has been activated in memory. - ANS-top-down processing
In a recognition memory experiment where pictures and words were studied and tested,
Park and Rugg (2008) observed a strong congruency effect. Specifically, at test, words
were better recognized when they were studied as words than when they were studied
as pictures, and pictures were better recognized when they studied as pictures than
when they were studied as words. For pictures, more activity at recall was recorded
between congruent and incongruent conditions in - ANS-a subarea associated with
picture processing
Suppose that a 60-year old patient experienced severe irreversible hippocampal
damage in 2000. She would likely show the best memory for events that happened in -
ANS-1980
In the long-term memory model proposed by McClelland, McNaughton, and O'Reilly
(1995), the rapid learning mechanism is associated with which of the following brain
structures? - ANS-hippocampus
According to lecture, which of the following leads to the best long-term retention of
course material? - ANS-a cumulative final exam
