PSYC 1020 Exam #1 with Complete
Solutions
definition of psychology - ANSWER-the scientific study of behavior and mental
processes
scientific (def of psych) - ANSWER-psychological conclusions are based on evidence
collected according to the principles of the scientific method
behavior (def of psych) - ANSWER-action - can be verbal, nonverbal, explicit, or implicit;
individual studied can be of any age, gender, background and can be nonhuman
mental processes (def of psych) - ANSWER-the workings of the human mind - thinking,
planning, creating, reasoning and dreaming
goals of psych - ANSWER-describe, explain, predict, control, improve
what is structuralism? - ANSWER-the study of the structure of mind and behavior
goal of structuralism - ANSWER-reveal the underlying structure of the human mind by
analyzing the basic elements of sensation and other experiences that form mental life
what is functionalism? - ANSWER-"minds with purpose"; focused on learning habits that
enabled organisms to adapt to their environments to function effectively
what are the general characteristics of psychological perspectives? - ANSWER-many
different perspectives; each defines point of views and sets of assumptions that
influence what and how psychologists will study; each has its own way of defining the
causes and consequences of behavior
what does it mean to use an integrative approach? - ANSWER-using an integrative
approach means you are blending concepts from more than one perspective
psychodynamic perspective - ANSWER-behavior is determined by powerful inner forces
(instincts and drives) and by attempts to resolve conflicts between personal needs and
society's demands; the purpose of behavior is to reduce tension; focus on early
childhood
behaviorist perspective - ANSWER-environment contingencies and stimuli control
particular kinds of behavior in terms of:
‣antecedents: environment before the behavior was performed
, ‣behavioral responses: action
‣consequences: the result of the behavioral response
sympathetic nervous system - ANSWER-governs responses to emergency situations;
arouses the brain that prepares the body for the fight or flight response
parasympathetic nervous system - ANSWER-(parachute) monitors the routine
operations of the body's internal functions; calming down after the emergency; in charge
of the body's "housekeeping"; elimination of waster, conservation of energy
brain stem - ANSWER-structures involved primarily with autonomic processes; heart
rate, breaking, swallowing, digestion
limbic system - ANSWER-involved with motivation, emotion, and memory; regulates
body temp, blood pressure and blood sugar levels
cerebrum - ANSWER-regulates the brain's higher cognitive functions; the mind
medulla - ANSWER-the center of breathing, blood pressure, and the regulation of the
heart beat; damage is fatal
pons - ANSWER-provides input to other structures in the brain stem
thalamus - ANSWER-channels incoming sensory information to the appropriate areas of
the cerebral cortex
cerebellum - ANSWER-coordinates body movements, controls posture, and maintains
equilibrium
hippocampus - ANSWER-a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process
explicit memories for storage
amygdala - ANSWER-two lima bean-sized neural clusters that are components of the
limbic system and are linked to emotion
hypothalamus - ANSWER-regulates physiological processes involved in motivated
behavior; eating, drinking, temperate regulation
frontal lobe - ANSWER-involved in motor control and higher-order cognitive activities;
planning, decision making, attention
parietal lobe - ANSWER-involved in the processing of sensations of touch, pain, and
temperature
Solutions
definition of psychology - ANSWER-the scientific study of behavior and mental
processes
scientific (def of psych) - ANSWER-psychological conclusions are based on evidence
collected according to the principles of the scientific method
behavior (def of psych) - ANSWER-action - can be verbal, nonverbal, explicit, or implicit;
individual studied can be of any age, gender, background and can be nonhuman
mental processes (def of psych) - ANSWER-the workings of the human mind - thinking,
planning, creating, reasoning and dreaming
goals of psych - ANSWER-describe, explain, predict, control, improve
what is structuralism? - ANSWER-the study of the structure of mind and behavior
goal of structuralism - ANSWER-reveal the underlying structure of the human mind by
analyzing the basic elements of sensation and other experiences that form mental life
what is functionalism? - ANSWER-"minds with purpose"; focused on learning habits that
enabled organisms to adapt to their environments to function effectively
what are the general characteristics of psychological perspectives? - ANSWER-many
different perspectives; each defines point of views and sets of assumptions that
influence what and how psychologists will study; each has its own way of defining the
causes and consequences of behavior
what does it mean to use an integrative approach? - ANSWER-using an integrative
approach means you are blending concepts from more than one perspective
psychodynamic perspective - ANSWER-behavior is determined by powerful inner forces
(instincts and drives) and by attempts to resolve conflicts between personal needs and
society's demands; the purpose of behavior is to reduce tension; focus on early
childhood
behaviorist perspective - ANSWER-environment contingencies and stimuli control
particular kinds of behavior in terms of:
‣antecedents: environment before the behavior was performed
, ‣behavioral responses: action
‣consequences: the result of the behavioral response
sympathetic nervous system - ANSWER-governs responses to emergency situations;
arouses the brain that prepares the body for the fight or flight response
parasympathetic nervous system - ANSWER-(parachute) monitors the routine
operations of the body's internal functions; calming down after the emergency; in charge
of the body's "housekeeping"; elimination of waster, conservation of energy
brain stem - ANSWER-structures involved primarily with autonomic processes; heart
rate, breaking, swallowing, digestion
limbic system - ANSWER-involved with motivation, emotion, and memory; regulates
body temp, blood pressure and blood sugar levels
cerebrum - ANSWER-regulates the brain's higher cognitive functions; the mind
medulla - ANSWER-the center of breathing, blood pressure, and the regulation of the
heart beat; damage is fatal
pons - ANSWER-provides input to other structures in the brain stem
thalamus - ANSWER-channels incoming sensory information to the appropriate areas of
the cerebral cortex
cerebellum - ANSWER-coordinates body movements, controls posture, and maintains
equilibrium
hippocampus - ANSWER-a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process
explicit memories for storage
amygdala - ANSWER-two lima bean-sized neural clusters that are components of the
limbic system and are linked to emotion
hypothalamus - ANSWER-regulates physiological processes involved in motivated
behavior; eating, drinking, temperate regulation
frontal lobe - ANSWER-involved in motor control and higher-order cognitive activities;
planning, decision making, attention
parietal lobe - ANSWER-involved in the processing of sensations of touch, pain, and
temperature
