Sociology 1010 Exam 3 with Accurate
Solutions
social group - ANS-two or more people who identify with and interact with one another.
category - ANS-people who have some status in common (ex: college students)
aggregate - ANS-a number of people who are in the same place at the same time. (ex:
waiting at a bus stop)
crowd - ANS-a loosely formed collection of people
expressive - ANS-concerned with the internal life and emotions of the members.
(knitting club)
mixed - ANS-combine instrumental and expressive concerns. ( church food kitchens)
created theories for what shapes a society - ANS-Karl Marx, Max Weber
materialism - ANS-culture is shaped through economic forces
karl marx - ANS-theory based on materialism
Max Weber - ANS-theory based on idealism, rationalization, and bureaucracy
idealism - ANS-culture is shaped by ideas and values
rationalization - ANS-the organization of social and economic life according to the
principle of efficient and on the basis of technical knowledge.
bureaucracy - ANS-an organizational model rationally designed to perform tasks
efficiently.
6 traits of the ideal bureaucratic organization - ANS-Specialization
Hierarchy of offices
Rules and regulations
Technical competence
Impersonality
Formal, written communication
, 4 problems with modern bureaucracy - ANS-Alienation- duhamizing
Ritualism- preoccupation with the rules
Inertia- perpetuation of an organization
Oligarchy- rule of the few
deviance - ANS-the recognized violation of cultural norms
crime - ANS-the violation of a society's formally enacted criminal law
social problem - ANS-social conditions which public or government agencies evaluate
negatively and wish to change.
Best & Luckenbill's definition of Deviance: - ANS-"deviance refers to any behavior that
is likely to be defined as an unacceptable violation of a major social norm and elicits
strong negative reactions by social control agents."
3 major points of debate with definition: - ANS-Deviance refers to behavior, NOT merely
any condition that makes a person discreditable
Deviance is an UNACCEPTABLE violation of social norms
Deviance violates MAJOR social norms
social control - ANS-the techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human
behavior in any society.
4 levels of explaining Deviance: - ANS-Classical
Biological
Psychological
Sociological
classical - ANS-view that deviance is a matter of personal, rational choice.
Utilitarianism - ANS-people act in ways that useful, purposeful, and reasonable
(Becarria and Bethnam)
4 key elements of deviance - ANS-1.The deviant has the "free will" to choose deviant or
conforming behaviors
2.Deviant solutions are chosen over conventional solutions when deviancy requires less
work for a greater payoff
3.A person's choice of deviant solution can be controlled by fear of society's reaction to
such acts-- punishment!!
4.The more severe, certain, and swift the reaction, the better it can control deviance
determinism - ANS-the use of the scientific method to discover the biological,
psychological, or social forces behind human behavior.
Solutions
social group - ANS-two or more people who identify with and interact with one another.
category - ANS-people who have some status in common (ex: college students)
aggregate - ANS-a number of people who are in the same place at the same time. (ex:
waiting at a bus stop)
crowd - ANS-a loosely formed collection of people
expressive - ANS-concerned with the internal life and emotions of the members.
(knitting club)
mixed - ANS-combine instrumental and expressive concerns. ( church food kitchens)
created theories for what shapes a society - ANS-Karl Marx, Max Weber
materialism - ANS-culture is shaped through economic forces
karl marx - ANS-theory based on materialism
Max Weber - ANS-theory based on idealism, rationalization, and bureaucracy
idealism - ANS-culture is shaped by ideas and values
rationalization - ANS-the organization of social and economic life according to the
principle of efficient and on the basis of technical knowledge.
bureaucracy - ANS-an organizational model rationally designed to perform tasks
efficiently.
6 traits of the ideal bureaucratic organization - ANS-Specialization
Hierarchy of offices
Rules and regulations
Technical competence
Impersonality
Formal, written communication
, 4 problems with modern bureaucracy - ANS-Alienation- duhamizing
Ritualism- preoccupation with the rules
Inertia- perpetuation of an organization
Oligarchy- rule of the few
deviance - ANS-the recognized violation of cultural norms
crime - ANS-the violation of a society's formally enacted criminal law
social problem - ANS-social conditions which public or government agencies evaluate
negatively and wish to change.
Best & Luckenbill's definition of Deviance: - ANS-"deviance refers to any behavior that
is likely to be defined as an unacceptable violation of a major social norm and elicits
strong negative reactions by social control agents."
3 major points of debate with definition: - ANS-Deviance refers to behavior, NOT merely
any condition that makes a person discreditable
Deviance is an UNACCEPTABLE violation of social norms
Deviance violates MAJOR social norms
social control - ANS-the techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human
behavior in any society.
4 levels of explaining Deviance: - ANS-Classical
Biological
Psychological
Sociological
classical - ANS-view that deviance is a matter of personal, rational choice.
Utilitarianism - ANS-people act in ways that useful, purposeful, and reasonable
(Becarria and Bethnam)
4 key elements of deviance - ANS-1.The deviant has the "free will" to choose deviant or
conforming behaviors
2.Deviant solutions are chosen over conventional solutions when deviancy requires less
work for a greater payoff
3.A person's choice of deviant solution can be controlled by fear of society's reaction to
such acts-- punishment!!
4.The more severe, certain, and swift the reaction, the better it can control deviance
determinism - ANS-the use of the scientific method to discover the biological,
psychological, or social forces behind human behavior.
