BIOD 121 NUTRITION EXAMS (MODULES 1–6 +
FINAL) | PORTAGE LEARNING 2025/2026 | 150 ACTUAL
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
CORE DOMAINS
Nutrition Fundamentals and Macronutrients
Micronutrients: Vitamins, Minerals, and Water
Digestion and Absorption
Energy Metabolism and Caloric Calculations
Nutrition Across the Lifespan
Weight Management and Eating Disorders
INTRODUCTION
This comprehensive examination is designed to assess mastery of essential
nutrition concepts for the BIOD 121 course at Portage Learning. The exam covers
all six modules and the cumulative final, including macronutrient metabolism
(carbohydrates, proteins, lipids), micronutrient functions (vitamins, minerals),
digestion and absorption processes, energy balance and caloric calculations,
nutrition across the lifespan, and dietary guidelines . This assessment prepares
students for module exams, the cumulative final exam, and success in health
science programs.
SECTION ONE: MODULE 1 – NUTRITION FUNDAMENTALS (Questions
1-25)
QUESTION 1
What is the difference between hunger and appetite?
A) Hunger is the internal drive to eat; appetite is the external drive that encourages
us to find food
B) Hunger is the desire for specific foods; appetite is the sensation prompting
eating
C) Hunger is related to emotional states; appetite is influenced by the food
,environment
D) Hunger is only physiological; appetite is completely emotional
Correct answer: A
RATIONALE: Hunger signals a physiological need for food due to lack of
nutrients, while appetite is influenced by a desire for specific foods that may evoke
pleasure . Appetite is the external drive that encourages us to find food, whereas
hunger is the internal drive to eat .
QUESTION 2
List two examples of cognitive external forces that can influence eating habits.
A) Genetic predisposition and metabolic rate
B) Comfort foods and persuasive advertising
C) Nutritional deficiencies and exercise
D) Personal taste and family traditions
Correct answer: B
RATIONALE: Comfort foods often evoke positive emotions tied to memories,
while advertising can manipulate desires and create preferences for certain foods .
These are cognitive external forces that influence eating habits .
QUESTION 3
Hunger is ______ and is often experienced as a ______ sensation.
A) Psychological; pleasant
B) Physiological; negative
C) Emotional; neutral
D) Social; positive
Correct answer: B
RATIONALE: Hunger manifests as a physical need for food, often
accompanied by negative feelings like emptiness or discomfort . It is a
physiological drive that signals the body needs energy.
, QUESTION 4
Vitamins are considered which of the following?
A) Macronutrients and Organic
B) Macronutrients and Inorganic
C) Micronutrients and Organic
D) Micronutrients and Inorganic
Correct answer: C
RATIONALE: Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for various
body functions and are classified as micronutrients since they are required in
smaller quantities than macronutrients . They are needed in small amounts for
health and cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by the body.
QUESTION 5
Define macronutrients.
A) Nutrients required in small amounts for health
B) Nutrients needed in moderate amounts for growth
C) Nutrients needed in large amounts in the body
D) Essential compounds for metabolic reactions
Correct answer: C
RATIONALE: Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats—the
primary energy sources and structural components for the body . They are needed
in large amounts in the body.
QUESTION 6
If a fudge brownie has 14 grams of carbohydrates, 2 grams of protein, and 9 grams
of fat, how many calories are in the brownie?
A) 145 calories
B) 183 calories
FINAL) | PORTAGE LEARNING 2025/2026 | 150 ACTUAL
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
CORE DOMAINS
Nutrition Fundamentals and Macronutrients
Micronutrients: Vitamins, Minerals, and Water
Digestion and Absorption
Energy Metabolism and Caloric Calculations
Nutrition Across the Lifespan
Weight Management and Eating Disorders
INTRODUCTION
This comprehensive examination is designed to assess mastery of essential
nutrition concepts for the BIOD 121 course at Portage Learning. The exam covers
all six modules and the cumulative final, including macronutrient metabolism
(carbohydrates, proteins, lipids), micronutrient functions (vitamins, minerals),
digestion and absorption processes, energy balance and caloric calculations,
nutrition across the lifespan, and dietary guidelines . This assessment prepares
students for module exams, the cumulative final exam, and success in health
science programs.
SECTION ONE: MODULE 1 – NUTRITION FUNDAMENTALS (Questions
1-25)
QUESTION 1
What is the difference between hunger and appetite?
A) Hunger is the internal drive to eat; appetite is the external drive that encourages
us to find food
B) Hunger is the desire for specific foods; appetite is the sensation prompting
eating
C) Hunger is related to emotional states; appetite is influenced by the food
,environment
D) Hunger is only physiological; appetite is completely emotional
Correct answer: A
RATIONALE: Hunger signals a physiological need for food due to lack of
nutrients, while appetite is influenced by a desire for specific foods that may evoke
pleasure . Appetite is the external drive that encourages us to find food, whereas
hunger is the internal drive to eat .
QUESTION 2
List two examples of cognitive external forces that can influence eating habits.
A) Genetic predisposition and metabolic rate
B) Comfort foods and persuasive advertising
C) Nutritional deficiencies and exercise
D) Personal taste and family traditions
Correct answer: B
RATIONALE: Comfort foods often evoke positive emotions tied to memories,
while advertising can manipulate desires and create preferences for certain foods .
These are cognitive external forces that influence eating habits .
QUESTION 3
Hunger is ______ and is often experienced as a ______ sensation.
A) Psychological; pleasant
B) Physiological; negative
C) Emotional; neutral
D) Social; positive
Correct answer: B
RATIONALE: Hunger manifests as a physical need for food, often
accompanied by negative feelings like emptiness or discomfort . It is a
physiological drive that signals the body needs energy.
, QUESTION 4
Vitamins are considered which of the following?
A) Macronutrients and Organic
B) Macronutrients and Inorganic
C) Micronutrients and Organic
D) Micronutrients and Inorganic
Correct answer: C
RATIONALE: Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for various
body functions and are classified as micronutrients since they are required in
smaller quantities than macronutrients . They are needed in small amounts for
health and cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by the body.
QUESTION 5
Define macronutrients.
A) Nutrients required in small amounts for health
B) Nutrients needed in moderate amounts for growth
C) Nutrients needed in large amounts in the body
D) Essential compounds for metabolic reactions
Correct answer: C
RATIONALE: Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats—the
primary energy sources and structural components for the body . They are needed
in large amounts in the body.
QUESTION 6
If a fudge brownie has 14 grams of carbohydrates, 2 grams of protein, and 9 grams
of fat, how many calories are in the brownie?
A) 145 calories
B) 183 calories
