SCI 1020 Final Exam with Accurate
Solutions
Which of these gametes contains one or more recombinant chromosomes? - ANSWER-
B and C
This animation illustrates the process of _____________. - ANSWER-Crossing over
If an individual's DNA is like an instruction manual, what does each chromosome
represent? - ANSWER-A page in the manual
If several specific traits exist in an individual, which situation would increase the number
of genetically unique gametes produced? - ANSWER-Many of the alleles for the traits
are on different chromosomes
Most enzymes are ______. - ANSWER-Protiens
Enzymes work by __________. - ANSWER-Reducing activation energy
An enzyme _________. - ANSWER-Is an organic catalyst
What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction? -
ANSWER-Substrate
As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme __________. - ANSWER-Is
unchanged
What is the correct label for "A"? - ANSWER-Energy of activation
For each glucose that enters glycolysis, ______ NADH enter the electron transport
chain. - ANSWER-10
In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by ________. - ANSWER-
Oxidative phosphorylation
The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is _________. - ANSWER-Oxygen
During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the
__________. - ANSWER-NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space
Structure A is ________. - ANSWER-ATP synthase
,The proximate (immediate source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is
____________. - ANSWER-Kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse
down their concentration gradient
In muscle cells, fermentation produces __________. - ANSWER-Lactate and NAD+
How many NADH are produced by glycolysis? - ANSWER-2
In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by ___________. - ANSWER-Substrate-
level phosphorylation
Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis? - ANSWER-FADH2
In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown? - ANSWER-ATP
In glycolysis there is a net gain of _______ ATP. - ANSWER-2
What process occurs in box A? - ANSWER-Glycolysis
What process occurs in box B? - ANSWER-The citric acid cycle
What molecule is indicated by the letter D? - ANSWER-Oxygen
Many enzymes include the root ______ as part of their names. - ANSWER--ase
The root ______ means an absence of. - ANSWER-an-
The root _______ means sugar. - ANSWER-glyco-
The cleaving of a six-carbon sugar into two three-carbon sugars is called __________. -
ANSWER-Glycolysis
Organisms that do not need oxygen to survive are said to be _________. - ANSWER-
Anaerobic
The enzyme ATP __________ produces ATP from ADP and phosphate. - ANSWER-
Synthase
Brad is a wrestler on the college team. He often starves himself to make his weight
division. Even between seasons, he finds himself avoiding food altogether at times to
stave off his fear of becoming fat. True or false: Brad is anorexic. - ANSWER-True
Which statement about enzymes is true? - ANSWER-The shape of an enzyme
determines its specificity.
, The human body uses glucose to produce energy during cellular respiration. Into what
molecules are the carbons from glucose incorporated after glycolysis and the citric acid
cycle are completed? - ANSWER-Carbon dioxide
Which action could help you to increase your metabolic rate? - ANSWER-Eating a
balanced diet that includes all essential vitamins.
What is activation energy? - ANSWER-The energy required to start a metabolic
reaction.
Which piece splits apart during a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme? - ANSWER-
Substrate
Studies estimate that close to 25% of people are miscategorized by BMI estimates.
(Pick two) - ANSWER-The BMI categories do not take age or sex into consideration.
Because lean muscle is more dense than fat tissue, a fit athlete might be classified into
the "overweight" category.
Which health condition is a risk for severely underweight individuals? - ANSWER-
Sterility
T/F: If a woman has a sex-linked recessive trait, then all of her sons will have that trait
as well. - ANSWER-True
What type of chromosomes found in human cells comprise 22 pairs and do not
determine the gender of the individual? - ANSWER-Autosomes
How is the pedigree of an individual generally constructed - ANSWER-By interviewing
the individual about the sex and physical traits of his or her family members
What type of genetic disorder would show mostly males being affected on a pedigree
diagram? - ANSWER-An X-linked recessive disorder
Which step does NOT occur during the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)? - ANSWER-
Cleavage of DNA at specific sequences
What is the goal of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)? - ANSWER-To produce many
copies of a region of DNA
Bones, like those of the slain Romanovs, can be used to determine biological sex
because - ANSWER-DNA can be extracted from bones and tested for the presence of a
Y chromosome
Alexis Romanov had hemophilia, a sex-linked recessive condition. How did he inherit
hemophilia? - ANSWER-His mother's egg cell carried a mutated version of the gene
Solutions
Which of these gametes contains one or more recombinant chromosomes? - ANSWER-
B and C
This animation illustrates the process of _____________. - ANSWER-Crossing over
If an individual's DNA is like an instruction manual, what does each chromosome
represent? - ANSWER-A page in the manual
If several specific traits exist in an individual, which situation would increase the number
of genetically unique gametes produced? - ANSWER-Many of the alleles for the traits
are on different chromosomes
Most enzymes are ______. - ANSWER-Protiens
Enzymes work by __________. - ANSWER-Reducing activation energy
An enzyme _________. - ANSWER-Is an organic catalyst
What name is given to the reactants in an enzymatically catalyzed reaction? -
ANSWER-Substrate
As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme __________. - ANSWER-Is
unchanged
What is the correct label for "A"? - ANSWER-Energy of activation
For each glucose that enters glycolysis, ______ NADH enter the electron transport
chain. - ANSWER-10
In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by ________. - ANSWER-
Oxidative phosphorylation
The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is _________. - ANSWER-Oxygen
During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the
__________. - ANSWER-NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space
Structure A is ________. - ANSWER-ATP synthase
,The proximate (immediate source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is
____________. - ANSWER-Kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse
down their concentration gradient
In muscle cells, fermentation produces __________. - ANSWER-Lactate and NAD+
How many NADH are produced by glycolysis? - ANSWER-2
In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by ___________. - ANSWER-Substrate-
level phosphorylation
Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis? - ANSWER-FADH2
In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown? - ANSWER-ATP
In glycolysis there is a net gain of _______ ATP. - ANSWER-2
What process occurs in box A? - ANSWER-Glycolysis
What process occurs in box B? - ANSWER-The citric acid cycle
What molecule is indicated by the letter D? - ANSWER-Oxygen
Many enzymes include the root ______ as part of their names. - ANSWER--ase
The root ______ means an absence of. - ANSWER-an-
The root _______ means sugar. - ANSWER-glyco-
The cleaving of a six-carbon sugar into two three-carbon sugars is called __________. -
ANSWER-Glycolysis
Organisms that do not need oxygen to survive are said to be _________. - ANSWER-
Anaerobic
The enzyme ATP __________ produces ATP from ADP and phosphate. - ANSWER-
Synthase
Brad is a wrestler on the college team. He often starves himself to make his weight
division. Even between seasons, he finds himself avoiding food altogether at times to
stave off his fear of becoming fat. True or false: Brad is anorexic. - ANSWER-True
Which statement about enzymes is true? - ANSWER-The shape of an enzyme
determines its specificity.
, The human body uses glucose to produce energy during cellular respiration. Into what
molecules are the carbons from glucose incorporated after glycolysis and the citric acid
cycle are completed? - ANSWER-Carbon dioxide
Which action could help you to increase your metabolic rate? - ANSWER-Eating a
balanced diet that includes all essential vitamins.
What is activation energy? - ANSWER-The energy required to start a metabolic
reaction.
Which piece splits apart during a reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme? - ANSWER-
Substrate
Studies estimate that close to 25% of people are miscategorized by BMI estimates.
(Pick two) - ANSWER-The BMI categories do not take age or sex into consideration.
Because lean muscle is more dense than fat tissue, a fit athlete might be classified into
the "overweight" category.
Which health condition is a risk for severely underweight individuals? - ANSWER-
Sterility
T/F: If a woman has a sex-linked recessive trait, then all of her sons will have that trait
as well. - ANSWER-True
What type of chromosomes found in human cells comprise 22 pairs and do not
determine the gender of the individual? - ANSWER-Autosomes
How is the pedigree of an individual generally constructed - ANSWER-By interviewing
the individual about the sex and physical traits of his or her family members
What type of genetic disorder would show mostly males being affected on a pedigree
diagram? - ANSWER-An X-linked recessive disorder
Which step does NOT occur during the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)? - ANSWER-
Cleavage of DNA at specific sequences
What is the goal of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)? - ANSWER-To produce many
copies of a region of DNA
Bones, like those of the slain Romanovs, can be used to determine biological sex
because - ANSWER-DNA can be extracted from bones and tested for the presence of a
Y chromosome
Alexis Romanov had hemophilia, a sex-linked recessive condition. How did he inherit
hemophilia? - ANSWER-His mother's egg cell carried a mutated version of the gene
