Perry?s Maternal Child Nursing Care in Canada, 3rd Edition | Complete Study Guide & Exam Preparation
Patient- and family-centred care (PFCC) (perinatal A collaborative framework where nurses work in partnership with the childbearing
nursing) patient and family to enhance the health and well-being of the whole family.
PFCC key relationship foundation Mutual respect and trust between childbearing patients, families, and health care
providers.
Why PFCC matters during perinatal care It helps patients give birth safely, with power and dignity, and supports the health of
the whole family.
PFCC core concept: respect and cultural safety Treat people with respect and ensure care is culturally safe; honour perspectives,
values, and choices.
PFCC core concept: involvement and participation Support the family to participate in care and decision-making at the level they
choose.
PFCC core concept: information sharing Share information in ways that are positive, useful, timely, complete, and accurate.
PFCC core concept: collaboration Collaborate with patients/families in policy, program development, facility design,
education, and care delivery.
PFCC core concept: shared decision-making Actively involve the patient/family in shared decisions about care and birth.
Medical model vs PFCC contrast Some providers focus mainly on the medical nature of birth; PFCC emphasizes
partnership, choices, and family inclusion.
Nursing advocacy in PFCC Advocate for changes so families can make their own decisions about birth.
Cultural safety (definition) A perspective/practice that promotes partnership and addresses power disparities;
the patient determines if care is culturally appropriate/safe.
Why cultural safety is important in Canada Canada is highly diverse; perinatal nurses will care for families with different
beliefs/traditions.
What is "culturally appropriate" care decided by? The childbearing patient determines whether care is culturally appropriate.
Power differential concern in perinatal care Patients may view providers as more knowledgeable/powerful and feel coerced;
nurses must acknowledge and reduce this imbalance.
How to reduce power imbalance Recognize it, name it when appropriate, invite questions, and support informed
choices without coercion.
, Perry?s Maternal Child Nursing Care in Canada, 3rd Edition | Complete Study Guide & Exam Preparation
Best starting point for culturally safe perinatal care Ask about hopes, expectations, capacities, and needs for nursing assistance.
Nurse role in supporting cultural beliefs Support and nurture beliefs that promote health (physical and emotional adaptation
to childbearing).
Goal of using culture-focused strategies View practices from a patient-centred perspective while considering Canadian
practices and regulations.
Approach to cross-cultural practice (general) Exercise sensitivity with every family; assess how they adopt/adapt practices; reflect
on how "nursing culture" is interpreted.
If a nurse disagrees with a cultural practice Still respect the patient's decisions and focus on safety, dignity, and informed
choice.
What should nurses listen for in cultural care Listen to stories about culture, childbearing experiences, and expressed needs.
Cultural competence (general meaning) An ongoing, interactive process of behaviours, attitudes, and policies that enable
effective work in cross-cultural situations.
Problem with "traditional" cultural competence (Indigenous Can create false confidence, stereotype Indigenous people, and ignore diversity
context) within Indigenous populations.
Foundation 1 of culturally appropriate care (Indigenous) Constructivist understanding of culture: culture is complex, shifting, and relational.
Foundation 2 of culturally appropriate care (Indigenous) Cultural safety: understand power differentials and address inequities in the health
system.
Cultural competence as relational inquiry A lifelong process of learning through relationships and reflection.
Cultural safety (goal/outcome) The goal/outcome of culturally competent environments and relational practice.
Cultural safety origin Developed by Irihapeti Ramsden (Māori nurse, New Zealand).
What cultural safety shifts The authority to judge "safe" care to the person receiving care.
Cultural safety outcome environment Environment free of discrimination and racism where people feel safe receiving
care.
Patient- and family-centred care (PFCC) (perinatal A collaborative framework where nurses work in partnership with the childbearing
nursing) patient and family to enhance the health and well-being of the whole family.
PFCC key relationship foundation Mutual respect and trust between childbearing patients, families, and health care
providers.
Why PFCC matters during perinatal care It helps patients give birth safely, with power and dignity, and supports the health of
the whole family.
PFCC core concept: respect and cultural safety Treat people with respect and ensure care is culturally safe; honour perspectives,
values, and choices.
PFCC core concept: involvement and participation Support the family to participate in care and decision-making at the level they
choose.
PFCC core concept: information sharing Share information in ways that are positive, useful, timely, complete, and accurate.
PFCC core concept: collaboration Collaborate with patients/families in policy, program development, facility design,
education, and care delivery.
PFCC core concept: shared decision-making Actively involve the patient/family in shared decisions about care and birth.
Medical model vs PFCC contrast Some providers focus mainly on the medical nature of birth; PFCC emphasizes
partnership, choices, and family inclusion.
Nursing advocacy in PFCC Advocate for changes so families can make their own decisions about birth.
Cultural safety (definition) A perspective/practice that promotes partnership and addresses power disparities;
the patient determines if care is culturally appropriate/safe.
Why cultural safety is important in Canada Canada is highly diverse; perinatal nurses will care for families with different
beliefs/traditions.
What is "culturally appropriate" care decided by? The childbearing patient determines whether care is culturally appropriate.
Power differential concern in perinatal care Patients may view providers as more knowledgeable/powerful and feel coerced;
nurses must acknowledge and reduce this imbalance.
How to reduce power imbalance Recognize it, name it when appropriate, invite questions, and support informed
choices without coercion.
, Perry?s Maternal Child Nursing Care in Canada, 3rd Edition | Complete Study Guide & Exam Preparation
Best starting point for culturally safe perinatal care Ask about hopes, expectations, capacities, and needs for nursing assistance.
Nurse role in supporting cultural beliefs Support and nurture beliefs that promote health (physical and emotional adaptation
to childbearing).
Goal of using culture-focused strategies View practices from a patient-centred perspective while considering Canadian
practices and regulations.
Approach to cross-cultural practice (general) Exercise sensitivity with every family; assess how they adopt/adapt practices; reflect
on how "nursing culture" is interpreted.
If a nurse disagrees with a cultural practice Still respect the patient's decisions and focus on safety, dignity, and informed
choice.
What should nurses listen for in cultural care Listen to stories about culture, childbearing experiences, and expressed needs.
Cultural competence (general meaning) An ongoing, interactive process of behaviours, attitudes, and policies that enable
effective work in cross-cultural situations.
Problem with "traditional" cultural competence (Indigenous Can create false confidence, stereotype Indigenous people, and ignore diversity
context) within Indigenous populations.
Foundation 1 of culturally appropriate care (Indigenous) Constructivist understanding of culture: culture is complex, shifting, and relational.
Foundation 2 of culturally appropriate care (Indigenous) Cultural safety: understand power differentials and address inequities in the health
system.
Cultural competence as relational inquiry A lifelong process of learning through relationships and reflection.
Cultural safety (goal/outcome) The goal/outcome of culturally competent environments and relational practice.
Cultural safety origin Developed by Irihapeti Ramsden (Māori nurse, New Zealand).
What cultural safety shifts The authority to judge "safe" care to the person receiving care.
Cultural safety outcome environment Environment free of discrimination and racism where people feel safe receiving
care.
