Introductory Maternity & Pediatric Nursing – 5th Edition | Nancy Hatfield & Cynthia Kincheloe | Practice Questions, Answers & Rationales

TESTBANK x




INTRODUCTORY MATERNITY & PEDIATRIC NURSING
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NANCY HATFIELD & CYNTHIA KINCHELOE
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5th Edition
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TESTBANK x

,Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal–Child Health Care Environment
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Hatfield: Introductory Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, 5th Edition
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1. The opening up of hospital visiting policies for children and families
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likely resultedfrom the work of which individual?
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A. Joseph Brennaman x


B. John Bowlby x


C. Marshal Klaus x


D. John Kennell x




x Answer: B x




Rationale: In 1951, John Bowlby received worldwide attention with his
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study that revealed the negative results of the separation of child and mother because of
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hospitalization. His work led toa re-evaluation and liberalization of hospital visiting policies for
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children. Joseph Brennaman suggested that a lack of stimulation for infants contributed to
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xhigh infant mortality rates at the time. In the 1970s and 1980s, physicians Marshall Klaus
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xand John Kennell carried out importantstudies on the effect of the separation of
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xnewborns and parents. They established that early separation may have long-term effects
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xon family relationships and that offering the new family an opportunity to be together at
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xbirth and for a significant period after birth may provide benefitsthat last well into early
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xchildhood.
Question format: Multiple Choice x x x


Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
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Level: Remember
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Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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Integrated Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 4 x x




2. An expectant mother states that she read that more black mothers die in childbirth than do
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white mothers. When responding to her questions about the reasons for this, the
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xnurse accurately states that which is the major reason for the high maternal mortality
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xrate?
A. Having formal education. x x


B. Being unmarried. x


C. Income.
D. Lack of prenatal care. x x x




Answer: D x




Rationale: Research shows that maternal mortality rate is directly related to lack of prenatal care
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secondary to lack of access to services or insurance. Income as well as educational level
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may play a role in the availability of health care, but they are not directly responsible.
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Being unmarried has no bearing on infant mortality.
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Question format: Multiple Choice x x x


Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
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Level: Understand
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,Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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Integrated Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 9 x x




3. Which statement correctly defines the term "infant death rate"?
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A. number of deaths in utero of fetuses 500 g or more per 1,000 live births
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B. number of deaths occurring in the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births
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C. number of deaths occurring at birth or in the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live births
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D. death of a live-born child before his or her first birthday.
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Answer: D x




Rationale: The term infant death refers to the death of a live-born child before he or she
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reaches age 1 year. It also includes neonatal mortality rate. Neonatal mortality rate is
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the number of infant deaths during the first 28 days of life for every 1,000 live births.
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Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths during the first 12 months of life per 1,000 live
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births. Question format: Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
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Level: Remember
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Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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Integrated Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 9 x x




4. The nursing instructor is preparing to teach a group of students about the history of maternity
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care. What major development will the instructor emphasize as greatly influencing the
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xpractice of maternity care in the United States over the past century?
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A. technologic advances and the use of forceps by primary care providers
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B. development of anesthesia and acceptance of the germ theory x x x x x x x x


C. advent of birthing centers and the development of family-centered care
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D. development of pediatric specialty and replacement of midwives as primary birth
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x attendants Answer: B x x




Rationale: The emphasis should be placed on anesthesia and the germ theory. The
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development of anesthesia allowed women a choice for pain management in birth; the germ
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theory advanced the progress of general health care and decreased infections in laboring
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women. Pediatrics as a specialty is an important step forward but is not the greatest
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xdevelopment, and midwives are still in practice. Maternity care continues to evolve, and
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xbirthing centers are still under development. Forceps are not considered an advance in
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xmaternity care. x


Question format: Multiple Choice
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Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
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Level: Analyze
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Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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, Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning x x


xReference: p. 3 x x




5. When preparing a client for surgery, the nurse explains that the use of an antiseptic
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during the surgery has greatly improved client survival rates and was started by which
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physician?
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A. Louis Pasteur x


B. Ignaz Philip Semmelweis x x


C. Joseph Lister x


D. Alexander Gordon x




x Answer: C x




Rationale: Joseph Lister was a British surgeon who embraced Louis Pasteur's theory
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xof microorganisms as the cause of infection. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic
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xduring surgery and improved the survival rates of his patients. Alexander Gordon proposed
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the theory of infection. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Ignaz Philip Semmelweis confirmed
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xhis theory. x


Question format: Multiple Choice x x x


Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment Cognitive
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Level: Apply
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Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control Integrated
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Process: Nursing Process
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Reference: p. 4 x x




6. A young couple are very excited to learn they are expecting their first child and
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xquestion the nurse about which test they need to discover its gender. Which procedure will
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best provide this information to the couple?
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A. Ultrasound
B. Amniocentesis
C. Chorionic villus sampling x x


D. HGP

Answer: A x




Rationale: Ultrasound is a visual method for assessing the fetus in the uterus and will provide
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information about the gender. Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling provide the entire
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genetic code of the fetus. HGP refers to the Human Genome Project, which can provide
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information regarding gene mutations and variations.
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Question format: Multiple Choice x x x


Chapter 1: The Nurse's Role in a Changing Maternal-Child Health Care Environment
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xCognitive Level: Apply x x


Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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Integrated Process: Caring
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Reference: p. 6 x x