NUR 3405 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What indexes do descriptive statistics contain?
- variability of distribution
- frequency distributions
- central tendency
- standard deviation
A systematic arrangement of values from lowest to highest, together with a count or
percentage of how many times each value occurred is:
- frequency distribution
Homogeneous data set
- a narrow range or smaller variation
Negative correlation coefficient
- relationship where one variable increases while the other decreases
- between .00-1.00
- the higher the absolute value of a coefficient, the stronger the relationship (-.80 is stronger than
+.20)
The use of inferential statistics permits a researcher to:
- draw conclusions about a population based on information gathered from a sample
Statistical hypothesis testing
,- use of objective criteria for deciding whether research hypotheses should be accepted as true or
rejected as false
Type I Error
- rejecting a true null hypothesis, false positive
Type II Error
- failing to reject a false null hypothesis, false negative
How do researchers control the risk of making a type I error?
- by selecting a level of significance which is the probability that such an error will occur
significance level (alpha)
- what we compare our p-value to, 0.05 is commonly used
P < 0.05
reject the null hypothesis
Chi-square test
- used to test hypotheses about the proportion of cases in different categories
T-Test
- test the difference between the means of two groups
What important aspects of validity should an instrument or scale examine?
, - criterion related validity
- content validity
- construct validity
Common threats to internal validity
- selection
- mortality
- maturation
- history
External validity is important to EBP because it allows researchers to
- generalize evidence from controlled settings to real-world practice settings
What does internal validity measure?
- the research results for accuracy
What are common threats to external validity?
- experimenter
- reactivity
- novelty (knowledge of what is being done effects outcome)
What aspects of reliability are important to quantitative researchers?
- internal consistency
- equivalence
- stability
2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What indexes do descriptive statistics contain?
- variability of distribution
- frequency distributions
- central tendency
- standard deviation
A systematic arrangement of values from lowest to highest, together with a count or
percentage of how many times each value occurred is:
- frequency distribution
Homogeneous data set
- a narrow range or smaller variation
Negative correlation coefficient
- relationship where one variable increases while the other decreases
- between .00-1.00
- the higher the absolute value of a coefficient, the stronger the relationship (-.80 is stronger than
+.20)
The use of inferential statistics permits a researcher to:
- draw conclusions about a population based on information gathered from a sample
Statistical hypothesis testing
,- use of objective criteria for deciding whether research hypotheses should be accepted as true or
rejected as false
Type I Error
- rejecting a true null hypothesis, false positive
Type II Error
- failing to reject a false null hypothesis, false negative
How do researchers control the risk of making a type I error?
- by selecting a level of significance which is the probability that such an error will occur
significance level (alpha)
- what we compare our p-value to, 0.05 is commonly used
P < 0.05
reject the null hypothesis
Chi-square test
- used to test hypotheses about the proportion of cases in different categories
T-Test
- test the difference between the means of two groups
What important aspects of validity should an instrument or scale examine?
, - criterion related validity
- content validity
- construct validity
Common threats to internal validity
- selection
- mortality
- maturation
- history
External validity is important to EBP because it allows researchers to
- generalize evidence from controlled settings to real-world practice settings
What does internal validity measure?
- the research results for accuracy
What are common threats to external validity?
- experimenter
- reactivity
- novelty (knowledge of what is being done effects outcome)
What aspects of reliability are important to quantitative researchers?
- internal consistency
- equivalence
- stability
