COGS 200 || Faultless Answers 100%.
Four theories of the mind correct answers dualism, behaviourism, identity theory, functionalism
2 controversies of the Turing Test correct answers 1. empirical: will there ever be a computer that
wins the imitation game? 2. conceptual: if a computer does win the game, does that provide
evidence that it can actually think/has intelligence?
dualism correct answers minds and bodies are distinct. A full mental life is possible without
perception/behaviour. leads to solipsism (can only know the self for sure) body is a house for the
soul
- what about objective reality/ physicality?
behaviourism correct answers mental statements would look to behaviour patterns for
verification. part of logical positivism (the only meaningful philosophical problems are those that
can be solved through logical analysis (falsifiable hypotheses)
- how about obviously internal states, and intentionality that fixes on an object but doesn't act on
it?
identity theory correct answers synthesis between first person (subjective mind states only) and
third person (behaviour verification only) approaches
- but what about systems without brains, such as plants and machines?
identity theory correct answers - states and processes of the mind are identical to that of the brain
synthesis between first person (subjective mind states only) and third person (behaviour
verification only) approaches
- but what about systems without brains, such as plants and machines?
artificial versus natural correct answers can both be "real" because of a functional
characterization: they do the same things that human/naturally constituted things do
, - a computer can therefore be intelligent (verified through behaviour? or through analysis of the
cognitive functions being preformed)
Dennett: understanding system behaviour based on... correct answers physical stance
(understanding behaviour based on physical components or parts) design stance (...what it was
designed to do, how it was designed) intentional stance (attributing to a system/understanding a
system based on its beliefs/desires/intentions) - (ex real buster's furm avoidance behaviour can be
explained based on his beliefs that there is a furm and his desire to avoid furms)
adopting an intentional stance means... correct answers your perception of attributing them
intentionality doesn't have to do with facts about them, just understanding their behaviour
through beliefs/desires etc
determinism versus free will in determining intelligence correct answers - people are intelligent
partially because they are free?
- therefore a computer cannot be free because it does not have natural unpredictability
- Turing disrupts this notion because of his outwards focus on behaviour
- computer can be programmed to be random at default - insufficient criterion
real, fake - artificial, natural correct answers connection to functionalism: something can be real
despite its artificiality if it does it's job
supposed determiners of intelligence correct answers responsibility (what you do versus what
happens to you - computer has things happen to it, does not have original intentionality?)
free will (choices, unlike Chinese room)
original intentionality determines intelligence?
- behaviourism (Turing) determines intelligence
- real/natural/artificial/fake (the possibilities for intelligence, gateway criterion)
the Chinese room experiment correct answers input, output and rulebook (code). can
hypothetically pass the Turing test but lacks originality of thought/actual thinking
Four theories of the mind correct answers dualism, behaviourism, identity theory, functionalism
2 controversies of the Turing Test correct answers 1. empirical: will there ever be a computer that
wins the imitation game? 2. conceptual: if a computer does win the game, does that provide
evidence that it can actually think/has intelligence?
dualism correct answers minds and bodies are distinct. A full mental life is possible without
perception/behaviour. leads to solipsism (can only know the self for sure) body is a house for the
soul
- what about objective reality/ physicality?
behaviourism correct answers mental statements would look to behaviour patterns for
verification. part of logical positivism (the only meaningful philosophical problems are those that
can be solved through logical analysis (falsifiable hypotheses)
- how about obviously internal states, and intentionality that fixes on an object but doesn't act on
it?
identity theory correct answers synthesis between first person (subjective mind states only) and
third person (behaviour verification only) approaches
- but what about systems without brains, such as plants and machines?
identity theory correct answers - states and processes of the mind are identical to that of the brain
synthesis between first person (subjective mind states only) and third person (behaviour
verification only) approaches
- but what about systems without brains, such as plants and machines?
artificial versus natural correct answers can both be "real" because of a functional
characterization: they do the same things that human/naturally constituted things do
, - a computer can therefore be intelligent (verified through behaviour? or through analysis of the
cognitive functions being preformed)
Dennett: understanding system behaviour based on... correct answers physical stance
(understanding behaviour based on physical components or parts) design stance (...what it was
designed to do, how it was designed) intentional stance (attributing to a system/understanding a
system based on its beliefs/desires/intentions) - (ex real buster's furm avoidance behaviour can be
explained based on his beliefs that there is a furm and his desire to avoid furms)
adopting an intentional stance means... correct answers your perception of attributing them
intentionality doesn't have to do with facts about them, just understanding their behaviour
through beliefs/desires etc
determinism versus free will in determining intelligence correct answers - people are intelligent
partially because they are free?
- therefore a computer cannot be free because it does not have natural unpredictability
- Turing disrupts this notion because of his outwards focus on behaviour
- computer can be programmed to be random at default - insufficient criterion
real, fake - artificial, natural correct answers connection to functionalism: something can be real
despite its artificiality if it does it's job
supposed determiners of intelligence correct answers responsibility (what you do versus what
happens to you - computer has things happen to it, does not have original intentionality?)
free will (choices, unlike Chinese room)
original intentionality determines intelligence?
- behaviourism (Turing) determines intelligence
- real/natural/artificial/fake (the possibilities for intelligence, gateway criterion)
the Chinese room experiment correct answers input, output and rulebook (code). can
hypothetically pass the Turing test but lacks originality of thought/actual thinking
