1
PRN 1032 - FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 | MULTIPLE-CHOICE |
100 VERIFIED Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-
ALIGNED | PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: PHARMACOLOGY & MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION - Questions 1-15
Q1: Medication Administration - Six Rights
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient. Which of the following is one of the six
rights of medication administration?
A. Right room number
B. Right time
C. Right diagnosis
D. Right diet order
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The six rights of medication administration are: Right Patient, Right Medication, Right
Dose, Right Route, Right Time, and Right Documentation. Right room and right diagnosis are not
included. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Medication Administration - Oral Route
A patient has difficulty swallowing pills. Which action should the nurse take?
A. Crush all medications and mix with applesauce
B. Request a liquid or dissolvable formulation from the pharmacy
C. Skip the medication dose
D. Administer the medication intravenously instead
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Requesting a liquid or dissolvable formulation is the safest approach. Not all medications
can be crushed (e.g., enteric-coated, sustained-release). Skipping doses is unsafe. Changing to IV
route requires a provider order. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Medication Calculation - Dosage
A nurse is to administer 500 mg of a medication that is available as 250 mg per tablet. How many
tablets should the nurse administer?
A. 1 tablet
B. 2 tablets
C. 3 tablets
D. 4 tablets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Desired dose (500 mg) divided by available dose (250 mg/tablet) = 2 tablets. The nurse
should verify the calculation with a second nurse before administration. [100% CORRECT]
,2
Q4: Medication Calculation - IV Infusion Rate
The healthcare provider orders 1000 mL of normal saline to infuse over 8 hours. The IV tubing drop
factor is 15 gtt/mL. At what rate should the nurse set the IV (gtt/min)?
A. 31 gtt/min
B. 125 gtt/min
C. 21 gtt/min
D. 42 gtt/min
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 1000 mL ÷ 8 hours = 125 mL/hour. Convert to gtt/min: (125 mL × 15 gtt/mL) ÷
60 minutes = 1875 ÷ 60 = 31.25 = 31 gtt/min. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Medication Safety - Error Reporting
A nurse accidentally administers the wrong medication to a patient. What is the nurse's priority
action?
A. Document the error in the patient's chart only
B. Notify the healthcare provider and monitor the patient
C. Discard the medication and say nothing
D. Administer the correct medication immediately without telling anyone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse must immediately notify the healthcare provider, monitor the patient for
adverse effects, complete an incident report, and document the error. Covering up errors is
unprofessional and unsafe. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Medication Interactions - Food and Drugs
A patient taking warfarin (Coumadin) is advised to avoid foods high in vitamin K. Which food should
the patient avoid?
A. Apples
B. Green leafy vegetables (spinach, kale)
C. White bread
D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin K antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect. Green leafy vegetables (spinach,
kale, broccoli) are high in vitamin K and should be consumed consistently or avoided. [100%
CORRECT]
Q7: Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
The liver is primarily responsible for which pharmacokinetic process?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
, 3
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolism (biotransformation) occurs primarily in the liver, where drugs are broken
down into metabolites for excretion. Absorption occurs at the site of administration. Distribution
involves transport to tissues. [100% CORRECT]
Q8: Adverse Drug Reaction - Anaphylaxis
A patient develops difficulty breathing, facial swelling, and urticaria after receiving an IV antibiotic.
These findings are consistent with:
A. A mild allergic reaction
B. Anaphylaxis
C. A therapeutic effect
D. Drug tolerance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction characterized by respiratory
distress, angioedema (swelling), and urticaria (hives). It requires immediate intervention
(epinephrine, airway support). [100% CORRECT]
Q9: Enteral Feedings - Tube Placement
A patient is receiving enteral feedings through a nasogastric tube. Which action is essential to
prevent aspiration?
A. Elevate the head of the bed to 30-45 degrees during and after feeding
B. Flush the tube with water after each feeding
C. Check residual volume every 4 hours
D. Administer feeding at room temperature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed to 30-45 degrees during and after enteral feedings prevents
aspiration by reducing the risk of reflux. [100% CORRECT]
Q10: Enteral Nutrition - Residual Volume
A patient is receiving continuous tube feeding. The nurse checks a gastric residual volume of 250 mL.
Which action is appropriate?
A. Discard the residual and continue the feeding
B. Hold the feeding and notify the healthcare provider
C. Administer the residual back and continue the feeding
D. Increase the feeding rate to compensate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A residual volume of >200-250 mL may indicate delayed gastric emptying and risk of
aspiration. The feeding should be held and the provider notified. [100% CORRECT]
Q11: NG Tube - Checking Placement
A patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube is receiving enteral feeding. Which method is the most
reliable to confirm NG tube placement?
PRN 1032 - FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 | MULTIPLE-CHOICE |
100 VERIFIED Q&A | DETAILED RATIONALES | NGN-
ALIGNED | PASS GUARANTEED – A+ GRADED
SECTION 1: PHARMACOLOGY & MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION - Questions 1-15
Q1: Medication Administration - Six Rights
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a patient. Which of the following is one of the six
rights of medication administration?
A. Right room number
B. Right time
C. Right diagnosis
D. Right diet order
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The six rights of medication administration are: Right Patient, Right Medication, Right
Dose, Right Route, Right Time, and Right Documentation. Right room and right diagnosis are not
included. [100% CORRECT]
Q2: Medication Administration - Oral Route
A patient has difficulty swallowing pills. Which action should the nurse take?
A. Crush all medications and mix with applesauce
B. Request a liquid or dissolvable formulation from the pharmacy
C. Skip the medication dose
D. Administer the medication intravenously instead
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Requesting a liquid or dissolvable formulation is the safest approach. Not all medications
can be crushed (e.g., enteric-coated, sustained-release). Skipping doses is unsafe. Changing to IV
route requires a provider order. [100% CORRECT]
Q3: Medication Calculation - Dosage
A nurse is to administer 500 mg of a medication that is available as 250 mg per tablet. How many
tablets should the nurse administer?
A. 1 tablet
B. 2 tablets
C. 3 tablets
D. 4 tablets
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Desired dose (500 mg) divided by available dose (250 mg/tablet) = 2 tablets. The nurse
should verify the calculation with a second nurse before administration. [100% CORRECT]
,2
Q4: Medication Calculation - IV Infusion Rate
The healthcare provider orders 1000 mL of normal saline to infuse over 8 hours. The IV tubing drop
factor is 15 gtt/mL. At what rate should the nurse set the IV (gtt/min)?
A. 31 gtt/min
B. 125 gtt/min
C. 21 gtt/min
D. 42 gtt/min
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 1000 mL ÷ 8 hours = 125 mL/hour. Convert to gtt/min: (125 mL × 15 gtt/mL) ÷
60 minutes = 1875 ÷ 60 = 31.25 = 31 gtt/min. [100% CORRECT]
Q5: Medication Safety - Error Reporting
A nurse accidentally administers the wrong medication to a patient. What is the nurse's priority
action?
A. Document the error in the patient's chart only
B. Notify the healthcare provider and monitor the patient
C. Discard the medication and say nothing
D. Administer the correct medication immediately without telling anyone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse must immediately notify the healthcare provider, monitor the patient for
adverse effects, complete an incident report, and document the error. Covering up errors is
unprofessional and unsafe. [100% CORRECT]
Q6: Medication Interactions - Food and Drugs
A patient taking warfarin (Coumadin) is advised to avoid foods high in vitamin K. Which food should
the patient avoid?
A. Apples
B. Green leafy vegetables (spinach, kale)
C. White bread
D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin K antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect. Green leafy vegetables (spinach,
kale, broccoli) are high in vitamin K and should be consumed consistently or avoided. [100%
CORRECT]
Q7: Pharmacokinetics - Metabolism
The liver is primarily responsible for which pharmacokinetic process?
A. Absorption
B. Distribution
C. Metabolism
D. Excretion
, 3
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metabolism (biotransformation) occurs primarily in the liver, where drugs are broken
down into metabolites for excretion. Absorption occurs at the site of administration. Distribution
involves transport to tissues. [100% CORRECT]
Q8: Adverse Drug Reaction - Anaphylaxis
A patient develops difficulty breathing, facial swelling, and urticaria after receiving an IV antibiotic.
These findings are consistent with:
A. A mild allergic reaction
B. Anaphylaxis
C. A therapeutic effect
D. Drug tolerance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction characterized by respiratory
distress, angioedema (swelling), and urticaria (hives). It requires immediate intervention
(epinephrine, airway support). [100% CORRECT]
Q9: Enteral Feedings - Tube Placement
A patient is receiving enteral feedings through a nasogastric tube. Which action is essential to
prevent aspiration?
A. Elevate the head of the bed to 30-45 degrees during and after feeding
B. Flush the tube with water after each feeding
C. Check residual volume every 4 hours
D. Administer feeding at room temperature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed to 30-45 degrees during and after enteral feedings prevents
aspiration by reducing the risk of reflux. [100% CORRECT]
Q10: Enteral Nutrition - Residual Volume
A patient is receiving continuous tube feeding. The nurse checks a gastric residual volume of 250 mL.
Which action is appropriate?
A. Discard the residual and continue the feeding
B. Hold the feeding and notify the healthcare provider
C. Administer the residual back and continue the feeding
D. Increase the feeding rate to compensate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A residual volume of >200-250 mL may indicate delayed gastric emptying and risk of
aspiration. The feeding should be held and the provider notified. [100% CORRECT]
Q11: NG Tube - Checking Placement
A patient with a nasogastric (NG) tube is receiving enteral feeding. Which method is the most
reliable to confirm NG tube placement?
