TEST BANK FOR
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS FOR
ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSE
PRESCRIBERS, 5TH EDITION WOO
ROBINSON: ISBN-10; 0803669267 /
ISBN-13; 978-0803669260 LATEST
EDITION/ COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
FOR ALL CHAPTERS / GRADED A+
Chapter 1. Prescriptive Authority
1. Nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by:
1. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing
2. The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration
3. The State Board of Nursing for each state
4. The State Board of Pharmacy
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: The regulation of nurse practitioner (NP) prescriptive authority, including the types of drugs
they can prescribe and the requirements for doing so, is governed by the State Board of Nursing in each
state. While the DEA provides federal registration, the scope of practice is determined at the state level.
2. The benefits to the patient of having an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) prescriber
include:
1. Nurses know more about Pharmacology than other prescribers because they take it both in their
basic nursing program and in their APRN program.
2. Nurses care for the patient from a holistic approach and include the patient in decision making
regarding their care.
3. APRNs are less likely to prescribe narcotics and other controlled substances.
4. APRNs are able to prescribe independently in all states, whereas a physician's assistant needs to
have a physician supervising their practice.
,Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: The key benefit of APRN care is the holistic, patient-centered approach that emphasizes
health promotion, disease prevention, and patient education and involvement in decision-making. The
other options are incorrect generalizations or false statements.
3. Clinical judgment in prescribing includes:
1. Factoring in the cost to the patient of the medication prescribed
2. Always prescribing the newest medication available for the disease process
3. Handing out drug samples to poor patients
4. Prescribing all generic medications to cut costs
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale: Clinical judgment in prescribing is a complex process that includes considering the patient's
individual circumstances, including the cost of the medication, to improve adherence and outcomes. It
does not mean always using the newest drug, giving out samples indiscriminately, or always prescribing
generics without considering efficacy or patient preference.
4. Criteria for choosing an effective drug for a disorder include:
1. Asking the patient what drug they think would work best for them
2. Consulting nationally recognized guidelines for disease management
3. Prescribing medications that are available as samples before writing a prescription
4. Following U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration guidelines for prescribing
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: The most reliable and evidence-based method for choosing a drug is to consult nationally
recognized, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (e.g., from the American Heart Association,
American Diabetes Association). These guidelines synthesize current research to recommend effective
treatments.
5. Nurse practitioner practice may thrive under health-care reform because of:
1. The demonstrated ability of nurse practitioners to control costs and improve patient outcomes
2. The fact that nurse practitioners will be able to practice independently
3. The fact that nurse practitioners will have full reimbursement under health-care reform
4. The ability to shift accountability for Medicaid to the state level
,Correct Answer: 1
Rationale: The shift towards value-based care in healthcare reform rewards providers who demonstrate
high-quality, cost-effective care. NPs have a strong track record of providing this type of care, including
managing chronic diseases, providing preventive services, and achieving high patient satisfaction, which
positions them well for success.
Chapter 2. Review of Basic Principles of Pharmacology
1. A patient's nutritional intake and laboratory results reflect hypoalbuminemia. This is critical to
prescribing because:
1. Distribution of drugs to target tissue may be affected.
2. The solubility of the drug will not match the site of absorption.
3. There will be less free drug available to generate an effect.
4. Drugs bound to albumin are readily excreted by the kidneys.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale: Hypoalbuminemia (low albumin levels) means fewer protein-binding sites are available for
drugs that are highly protein-bound. This leads to a higher-than-normal proportion of free (unbound),
active drug, which can increase both the therapeutic and toxic effects. This significantly alters drug
distribution.
2. Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect:
1. Must be given by the enteral (oral) route only
2. Bypass the hepatic circulation
3. Are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action
4. Are converted by the liver to more active and fat-soluble forms
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: The first-pass effect refers to the extensive metabolism of a drug by the liver before it
reaches the systemic circulation. For drugs with a significant first-pass effect, a large portion of the oral
dose is inactivated by the liver, resulting in low bioavailability and potentially little to no desired action.
3. The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be the:
1. Kidneys
2. Lungs
, 3. Bile and feces
4. Skin
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: Volatile drugs, such as inhalation anesthetics, are excreted via the lungs in the expired air.
They are gases or liquids that easily vaporize, allowing them to be eliminated through respiration.
4. Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed intramuscularly (IM) to create a storage
reservoir of the drug. Storage reservoirs:
1. Assure that the drug will reach its intended target tissue
2. Are the reason for giving loading doses
3. Increase the length of time a drug is available and active
4. Are most common in collagen tissues
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: A storage reservoir, such as an IM injection site, allows the drug to be slowly released into
the circulation over an extended period. This prolongs the drug's presence in the body and its duration
of action, allowing for less frequent dosing (e.g., Depo-Provera every 3 months).
5. The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drug's:
1. Propensity to go to the target receptor
2. Biological half-life
3. Pharmacodynamics
4. Safety and side effects
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: The dosing interval (e.g., every 8 hours) is primarily determined by the drug's biological half-
life (t1/2). The half-life is the time it takes for the drug's plasma concentration to decrease by 50%.
Dosing intervals are typically set to maintain the drug concentration within the therapeutic range
without allowing it to drop below the minimum effective concentration.
6. Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day's dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of the
prescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose:
1. Rapidly achieves drug levels in the therapeutic range
2. Requires four- to five- half-lives to attain
3. Is influenced by renal function
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS FOR
ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSE
PRESCRIBERS, 5TH EDITION WOO
ROBINSON: ISBN-10; 0803669267 /
ISBN-13; 978-0803669260 LATEST
EDITION/ COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
FOR ALL CHAPTERS / GRADED A+
Chapter 1. Prescriptive Authority
1. Nurse practitioner prescriptive authority is regulated by:
1. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing
2. The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration
3. The State Board of Nursing for each state
4. The State Board of Pharmacy
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: The regulation of nurse practitioner (NP) prescriptive authority, including the types of drugs
they can prescribe and the requirements for doing so, is governed by the State Board of Nursing in each
state. While the DEA provides federal registration, the scope of practice is determined at the state level.
2. The benefits to the patient of having an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) prescriber
include:
1. Nurses know more about Pharmacology than other prescribers because they take it both in their
basic nursing program and in their APRN program.
2. Nurses care for the patient from a holistic approach and include the patient in decision making
regarding their care.
3. APRNs are less likely to prescribe narcotics and other controlled substances.
4. APRNs are able to prescribe independently in all states, whereas a physician's assistant needs to
have a physician supervising their practice.
,Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: The key benefit of APRN care is the holistic, patient-centered approach that emphasizes
health promotion, disease prevention, and patient education and involvement in decision-making. The
other options are incorrect generalizations or false statements.
3. Clinical judgment in prescribing includes:
1. Factoring in the cost to the patient of the medication prescribed
2. Always prescribing the newest medication available for the disease process
3. Handing out drug samples to poor patients
4. Prescribing all generic medications to cut costs
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale: Clinical judgment in prescribing is a complex process that includes considering the patient's
individual circumstances, including the cost of the medication, to improve adherence and outcomes. It
does not mean always using the newest drug, giving out samples indiscriminately, or always prescribing
generics without considering efficacy or patient preference.
4. Criteria for choosing an effective drug for a disorder include:
1. Asking the patient what drug they think would work best for them
2. Consulting nationally recognized guidelines for disease management
3. Prescribing medications that are available as samples before writing a prescription
4. Following U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration guidelines for prescribing
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: The most reliable and evidence-based method for choosing a drug is to consult nationally
recognized, evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (e.g., from the American Heart Association,
American Diabetes Association). These guidelines synthesize current research to recommend effective
treatments.
5. Nurse practitioner practice may thrive under health-care reform because of:
1. The demonstrated ability of nurse practitioners to control costs and improve patient outcomes
2. The fact that nurse practitioners will be able to practice independently
3. The fact that nurse practitioners will have full reimbursement under health-care reform
4. The ability to shift accountability for Medicaid to the state level
,Correct Answer: 1
Rationale: The shift towards value-based care in healthcare reform rewards providers who demonstrate
high-quality, cost-effective care. NPs have a strong track record of providing this type of care, including
managing chronic diseases, providing preventive services, and achieving high patient satisfaction, which
positions them well for success.
Chapter 2. Review of Basic Principles of Pharmacology
1. A patient's nutritional intake and laboratory results reflect hypoalbuminemia. This is critical to
prescribing because:
1. Distribution of drugs to target tissue may be affected.
2. The solubility of the drug will not match the site of absorption.
3. There will be less free drug available to generate an effect.
4. Drugs bound to albumin are readily excreted by the kidneys.
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale: Hypoalbuminemia (low albumin levels) means fewer protein-binding sites are available for
drugs that are highly protein-bound. This leads to a higher-than-normal proportion of free (unbound),
active drug, which can increase both the therapeutic and toxic effects. This significantly alters drug
distribution.
2. Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect:
1. Must be given by the enteral (oral) route only
2. Bypass the hepatic circulation
3. Are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action
4. Are converted by the liver to more active and fat-soluble forms
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: The first-pass effect refers to the extensive metabolism of a drug by the liver before it
reaches the systemic circulation. For drugs with a significant first-pass effect, a large portion of the oral
dose is inactivated by the liver, resulting in low bioavailability and potentially little to no desired action.
3. The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be the:
1. Kidneys
2. Lungs
, 3. Bile and feces
4. Skin
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: Volatile drugs, such as inhalation anesthetics, are excreted via the lungs in the expired air.
They are gases or liquids that easily vaporize, allowing them to be eliminated through respiration.
4. Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed intramuscularly (IM) to create a storage
reservoir of the drug. Storage reservoirs:
1. Assure that the drug will reach its intended target tissue
2. Are the reason for giving loading doses
3. Increase the length of time a drug is available and active
4. Are most common in collagen tissues
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: A storage reservoir, such as an IM injection site, allows the drug to be slowly released into
the circulation over an extended period. This prolongs the drug's presence in the body and its duration
of action, allowing for less frequent dosing (e.g., Depo-Provera every 3 months).
5. The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drug's:
1. Propensity to go to the target receptor
2. Biological half-life
3. Pharmacodynamics
4. Safety and side effects
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: The dosing interval (e.g., every 8 hours) is primarily determined by the drug's biological half-
life (t1/2). The half-life is the time it takes for the drug's plasma concentration to decrease by 50%.
Dosing intervals are typically set to maintain the drug concentration within the therapeutic range
without allowing it to drop below the minimum effective concentration.
6. Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day's dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of the
prescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose:
1. Rapidly achieves drug levels in the therapeutic range
2. Requires four- to five- half-lives to attain
3. Is influenced by renal function
